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Topic: Filippo Pacini

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	Encyclopedia: Filippo Pacini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Filippo Pacini was the son of Francesca Pacini, a cobbler, and Umiltà Dolfi.
		Pacini saw the corpuscles that are now named for him early in his career; indeed, he discovered them in a hand that he was dissecting as a student in the anatomy class in Pistoia hospital in 1831, when he was nineteen.
		Pacini went on to declare that the intestinal injuries common to the disease were caused by living microorganisms - which he called "vibrions"; he further provided drawings of the vibrions that he had observed microscopically in abundance in the intestine of cholera victims.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Filippo-Pacini (1204 words)

	Filippo Pacini - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pacini was born in Pistoia, Tuscany to a humble family, but was given a religious education in hopes that he would become a bishop.
		In 1847 Pacini begain teaching at the Lyceum in Florence, and then was named chair of General and Topographic Anatomy at the "Istituto di Studi Superiori" at the University of Florence in 1849, where he remained to the end of his career.
		During his career Pacini also published several studies on the retina of the human eye, the electric organs in electric fishes, the structure of bone, and the mechanics of respiration.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Filippo_Pacini (501 words)

	Filippo Pacini - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Filippo Pacini (May 25, 1812—July 9, 1883) was an Italian anatomist, posthumously famous for isolating the cholera bacillus Vibrio cholerae in 1854, well before Robert Koch's more widely accepted discoveries thirty years later.
		In 1831, during a dissection class, Pacini discovered small sensory organs in the nervous system which can detect pressure and vibrations.
		Pacini did not marry, and spent most of the money remaining after his scientific investigation on the long term care of his two ailing sisters.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Filippo_Pacini (511 words)

	Filippo Pacini (www.whonamedit.com)
		As a teacher Pacini, convinced of the fundamental importance of the biological sciences to medical education, initiated a number of new programs; he was, however, occasionally frustrated and embittered by the antagonism of Maurizio Buffalini (1785-1875), director of the department of internal medicine.
		At all events, Pacini was the first to describe the distribution of the corpuscles in the body, their microscopic structure, and their nerve connections; he also interpreted the function of the corpuscles as being concerned with the sensation of touch and deep pressure.
		Pacini was primarily interested in microscopical research, advocating the teaching of microscopic anatomy.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/2605.html (1492 words)

	Encyclopedia: Robert Koch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The bacterium had been previously isolated by Italian anatomist Filippo Pacini in 1854, but his work had been ignored due to the predominance of the miasma theory of disease.
		Koch was unaware of Pacini's work and made an independent discovery, and his greater preeminence allowed the discovery to be widely spread for the benefit of others.
		Filippo Pacini (born May 25, 1812 in Pistoia, Tuscany; died July 9, 1883 in Florence) was an Italian anatomist, posthumously famous for isolating the cholera bacillus well before Robert Kochs more widely accepted discoveries thirty years later.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Robert-Koch (1867 words)

	Who first discovered cholera?
		Filippo Pacini (1812-83) was born in Pistoia, Italy on May 25, 1812.
		Pacini further developed his ideas on cholera in a series of publications in 1865 (seven years after the death of John Snow), 1866, 1871, 1876 and 1880.
		He correctly described the disease as a massive loss of fluid and electrolytes due to the local action of the vibrio on the intestinal mucosa, and recommended in extreme cases the intravenous injection of 10 grams sodium chloride in a liter of water -- later found to be very effective.
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/snow/firstdiscoveredcholera.html (1199 words)

	Pacini - TOM KAUFMAN'S SAVERIO MERCADANTE AND GIOVANNI PACINI PAGE (With a (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Pacini's 1845 opera Lorenzino de' Medici is being revived in Faenza, Pacini's most successful work, Saffo (1840) is being considered for future
		Filippo Pacini: Italian antomist, born May 25, 1812, Pistoia, Emilia; died July 9, 1883, Florence.
		The Pacini Family planted this vineyard in 1940 on the western foothills of the Steele Wines purchased the vineyard in 1996 from the Pacini Family.
	www.weblinklist.com /?q=pacini (328 words)

	The History of Cholera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The 1800’s also saw the beginning of the large-scale and systematic collection of social statistics by individuals and governments that led to the modern social sciences such as sociology and economics.
		An English doctor named John Snow, influenced by the newly emerging microbiology and utilizing social statistics (death certificates), traced the spread of cholera in one area of London to the now infamous Broad Street water pump, thereby pointing to sewage-contaminated water as a carrier of something that caused cholera.
		The Italian doctor Filippo Pacini was the first to discover the cholera bacteria (Vibrio cholerae) in 1854 when cholera hit Florence, but his discovery was ignored by the Italian medical community which still subscribed to the miasmatic theory of illness.
	www.comfsm.fm /socscie/histchol.htm (730 words)

	Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Museum of Microscopy - Pacini-Style Italian Compound Monocular Microscope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Filippo Pacini was an Italian instrument maker who excelled in microscope design and construction during the mid nineteenth century.
		The microscope illustrated below is an example of the microscopes produced by Pacini.
		An original version of the microscope was photographed and described by Turner in his book "Catalogue of Microscopes".
	219.94.96.174 /fizik/virtual/micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/museum/pacinicompound1845.html (296 words)

	IMSS - Places of Scientific Interest in Tuscany - Native House of Filippo Pacini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Filippo Pacini, a native of Pistoia and one of its most eminent scientists, was educated at the Medical and Surgical School of Pistoia, attached to the Hospital of the Ceppo.
		It was here, in the anatomical amphitheater, that Pacini layed the foundations for his future discovery of the peripheral nerve termination, which he announced to the Accademia Medico-Fisica Fiorentina.
		Filippo Pacini con i lavori originali sui "corpuscoli" e il colera, sul microscopio e sulla retina, Pistoia 198
	brunelleschi.imss.fi.it /genscheda.asp?appl=LST&xsl=luogo&lingua=ENG&chiave=700406 (237 words)

	COMUNE di PISTOIA
		The Ceppo became, presumably in the 1500s, the seat of a medical school (vi) that over the centuries trained good doctors, among whom the anatomist pathologist Filippo Pacini for whom the nearby street is named.
		Remnants of the school are found today in the collection of ancient medical instruments displayed in the Museo dell'Accademia Medica del Ceppo.
		The museum also preserves medical texts as well as fragments of glazed terracotta that were part of Santi Buglioni's composition for the last frieze panel.
	www.comune.pistoia.it /eng/scoperta_16_eng.html (650 words)

	Nelson's Development Strategies
		The sudden appearances of the disease in Europe, where it was considered the worst thing to happen since the plague of the Middle Ages, led to observations and experiments of remarkable acuity which sometimes faded from the scene like the disease itself, having to be rediscovered or re-observed at a later date.
		The bacterium that carries the disease, for example, was observed by the Italian Filippo Pacini around 1853, but it was discovered anew by the great German bacteriologist Robert Koch in 1883.
		Koch supposed that the cholera bacterium sent a poison into the body that acted in some systemic way on the patient, as was known to be the case with tetanus, diphtheria and botulism.
	www.developmentstrategies.org /Archives/1985NASTropDiseases/1985Trop01.htm (3519 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: Confocal Image Gallery - Pacinian Corpuscle
		The nerve sends the signal to the somatosensory region of the brain's cerebral cortex, alerting it to the exact location, duration, and intensity of the pressure.
		Named for Filippo Pacini, a 19th Century Italian anatomist who dedicated his career to microscopic research, the Pacinian corpuscles work in concert with the other somatosensory receptors of the primate hand and foot skin.
		Unlike Meissner's corpuscles, which are also encapsulated, Pacinian corpuscles can detect vibrations and touch in terms of frequency, duration, and intensity.
	www.microscopyu.com /galleries/confocal/paciniancorpuscle.html (423 words)

	IMSS - Multimedia Catalogue - Biographies - Filippo Pacini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		IMSS - Multimedia Catalogue - Biographies - Filippo Pacini
		Also studied the physiology of the muscle system and perfected the microscope to meet his personal research requirements.
		Pacini's manuscripts are deposited at the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale of Florence.
	brunelleschi.imss.fi.it /genscheda.asp?appl=SIM&xsl=biografia&lingua=ENG&chiave=300442 (153 words)

	John Snow - a historical giant in epidemiology
		Reflections by R.J. Morris on what was learned in England following the first cholera epidemic of 1831-32, to help prepare for London's epidemics of 1848-49 and 1853-54.
		While Robert Koch is often identified as the first person to identify Vibrio cholerae as the causative agent of cholera (1884), the honor rightfully goes to Filippo Pacini who first identified the organism in 1854.
		Life and major scientific achievements of Filippo Pacini
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/snow.html (1451 words)

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