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Topic: Film colorization

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	Film colorization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Film colorization is any process that involves adding color to fl and white, sepia or monochrome moving-picture images.
		A number of British television shows which were made in color in the early 1970s were wiped for economic reasons, but in some cases fl and white telerecordings were made for export to countries that did not yet have color television.
		Colorization is also sometimes used on historical stock footage in color movies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Film_colorization (2281 words)

	Colorization
		Colorization became extremely controversial in the late 1980s, especially with regard to "classic" monochrome films such as Citizen Kane (which ultimately was not colorized), Casablanca, The Maltese Falcon, and It's a Wonderful Life.
		According to this reasoning, colorization violates the moral right of the film director to create a work of art that has a final, permanent form and that will not be subject to alteration years later by unauthorized parties.
		The main legacy of colorization is the National Film Registry, established by Congress in 1988 in response to the colorization controversy.
	www.museum.tv /archives/etv/C/htmlC/colorization/colorization.htm (997 words)

	Citizen Kane - The Film Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The film is even seen as one of the predecessors of method acting, as seen during the scene where Kane vents his anger at his political opponent, Jim Gettys, at the top of a flight of stairs.
		Since movies were primarily filmed on sound stages and not on location during the era of the Hollywood studio system, it was impossible to film at an angle that showed ceilings because the stages had none.
		When the film became owned by Turner Entertainment (which bought the rights to the MGM and RKO film libraries), film restoration techniques were used to produce a pristine print for a 50th Anniversary theatrical revival reissue in 1991 (released by Paramount Pictures).
	filmguide.wikia.com /wiki/Citizen_Kane (2959 words)

	Legend Films - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The company specializes in the restoration and colorization of classic fl and white films for DVD, HDTV and theatrical release.
		Legend Films has also released a colorized Three Stooges DVD which includes wraparound introductions by Mike and fellow Mystery Science Theater 3000 cast members Bill Corbett and Kevin Murphy, as The Film Crew.
		But while the company has plenty of films to colorize, he insists there are some fl and white films that should stay that way.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Legend_Films (618 words)

	Colorization and "Moral Rights" of the Artist
		They are the Chromoloid process, which produced three prints of the film in red, blue and green and then combines these prints into a single color film; and the colorization process which generally involves the use of a computer to distribute hand picked colors through out each frame of a film.
		Thus, if one is to view colorization as a process of choosing, assigning and applying color to a film then artistic decision making of the computer artist engage in such an application becomes apparent.
		Color film is neither better nor worse than fl and white, rather it is an esthetic choice a director makes to present his art form.
	www.taradji.com /color.html (4071 words)

	UCSB: Film Studies Department; Courses 805.893.2347 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Upper-division Film Studies courses have a prerequisite of Film Studies 46 or upper-division standing or consent of instructor unless stated otherwise.
		International film history from the camera obscura to the close of the silent era in the late 1920's.
		Film Composition, choices of subject and character, ideas of the cinematic, and the relationship of cinema to Chinese culture and society will be studied.
	www.filmstudies.ucsb.edu /courses/fall'03.html (895 words)

	The Film Foundation - Artists Rights Reports
		Despite his wishes, the colorized version was aired again in 1997, four months after his death.
		Films are not just the property of the copyright holder; they are part of our heritage.
		A director's "moral rights," protect a film from unauthorized alterations that are considered damaging to the filmmaker's honor and reputation.
	www.film-foundation.org /artistsrights/news_detail.cfm?QID=636 (380 words)

	Colorization Revisited (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		If the derivative work is clearly identified as such, we are being told that it does not fully reflect the intentions of the artist and his or her skill in artistic decision-making, so we place less weight on the value of the work as a means of assessing the artist's skill.
		Films on television show the results of the colorization battles of a decade ago, as they now routinely include disclaimers that the film has been altered to fit the television screen, or that it has been shortened to make it suitable for a general audience.
		The colorization controversy was also mentioned in passing to support an argument by philosopher Eric Katz that historic art works, especially those found by humans in natural settings, should never be altered, but should instead be shown respect.
	www.contempaesthetics.org /pages/article.php?articleID=254 (3817 words)

	Moral Rights Cases and Controversies Note: Colorizations and Circuses
		Colorization became an issue when digital technologies gave studios the ability to edit historic films, changing them from monochrome to colour.
		It remains contentious, however, because as film scholars have noted, both auteurist directors and some studios during the 'golden age of Hollywood' intended films to be seen in fl and white.
		Auteurs have gained less attention in criticism of broadcasting practice, in particular claims that the integrity of feature films and other works such as documentaries is eroded by the insertion of advertising breaks during release on free-to-air and pay-per-view television.
	www.caslon.com.au /mrcasesnote2.htm (2637 words)

	Colorization Using Optimization
		Colorization is a computer-assisted process of adding color to a monochrome image or movie.
		In our approach an artist only needs to annotate the image with a few color scribbles, and the indicated colors are automatically propagated in both space and time to produce a fully colorized image or sequence.
		We demonstrate that high quality colorizations of stills and movie clips may be obtained from a relatively modest amount of user input.
	www.cs.huji.ac.il /~yweiss/Colorization/index.html (270 words)

	UCSB General Catalog - Film Studies
		The film studies major is designed to prepare students for careers in the film industry and film education, as well as library science, entertainment law, publishing, journalism, and new media.
		Students with a bachelor's degree in film studies who are interested in pursuing a California Teaching Credential should contact the credential advisor in the Gevirtz Graduate School of Education as soon as possible.
		This course brings a film studies perspective to bear on a selection of writings by visual anthropologists and on a selection of films that could be construed as "ethnographic." Issues at stake include self-reflexivity, domestic ethnography, and transnational documentary.
	www.catalog.ucsb.edu /2003cat/ls/film.htm (4598 words)

	Film History of the 1980s
		Colorized ("computer-colored" or "color-imaged") films began to be broadcast on television for the first time in 1985.
		Colorization became extremely controversial in the late 1980s, especially with regard to "classic" monochrome films such as Citizen Kane (1941) (which ultimately was not colorized).
		His first directed film was the attractive and real Sixteen Candles (1984) with Molly Ringwald as a sensitive teen turning sixteen and having a horrible birthday, upstaged by her sister's wedding week.
	www.filmsite.org /80sintro2.html (2020 words)

	AllRefer.com - colorization, motion picture (Film) - Encyclopedia
		Invented by Canadians Wilson Markle and Brian Hunt, the process was first used in 1970 and became viable in the late 1980s.
		The process became particularly controversial in the late 1980s when such monochrome film classics as Casablanca, Citizen Kane, and It's a Wonderful Life were threatened with colorization.
		Since that time, the demand for colorized films has greatly diminished.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/colorizat.html (223 words)

	Film colorization takes on a new look. \| North America > United States from AllBusiness.com
		For a while, film colorization was an endangered species.
		Those purists claimed that colorizing a fl-and-white film was the technological equivalent of spray-painting graffiti on the Mona Lisa.
		Once the masks are made and the colors assigned, the colors are then plugged into each frame of the film - with 24 frames making up a single second of footage, or 86,400 frames per hour.
	www.allbusiness.com /periodicals/article/493650-1.html (619 words)

	Press Release!
		The Society, comprised of 55 of the country's leading film critics and scholars, announced the award at its thirty-seventh annual meeting in New York City.
		Besides responding to specific issues such as film colorization and the MPAA ratings system, the Society publishes an ongoing series of anthologies and meets each January to vote on awards for the finest film achievements of the previous year.
		The UCLA Film and Television Archive is internationally renowned for its pioneering efforts to preserve and showcase not only classic, but current and innovative film and television.
	www.cinema.ucla.edu /PR/award.html (321 words)

	REEFER MADNESS - SPECIAL "ADDICTION" DVD
		This is the film, you'll recall, that claims that marijuana is a bigger threat than morphine and heroin combined.
		Had it tried, say, to mimic some wild hallucinations, this might have really taken off, but the truth is that the filmmakers are timid in their hysteria, unable to imagine such states just as they can't imagine a teenager who's less than an honours student.
		For one thing, they've gone to the trouble of colorizing Reefer Madness, an inexcusable crime even for such a lowly title, and the palette they arrive at is so brazen and psychedelic it would better suit a film about acid than one about marijuana.
	www.filmfreakcentral.net /dvdreviews/reefermadness.htm (1039 words)

	Tinted Love - The Boston Globe
		So when Sandrew and Legend Films CEO David Martin approached Temple Black in 2002 with the idea of colorizing some of her early movies, the former child star had to be convinced of the quality.
		One such client was Martin Scorsese, who hired Legend Films to colorize segments of ``The Aviator," the 2004 film based on the life of Howard Hughes.
		Legend Films' fully restored and colorized version of ``The Outlaw" will be released next year with Russell -- a longtime friend of Hughes -- and Hughes' s former wife, actress Terry Moore, providing running commentaries and discussing their experiences with Hughes.
	boston.com /ae/movies/articles/2006/06/24/tinted_love/?.../ArtsNews (1374 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Business -- A newer look for older films
		The colorization of vintage fl-and-white movies, which caused film buffs to see red when it was introduced in the 1980s, is getting a major revival.
		Rosemary Horvath, creative director for Legend Films, worked with images from "March of the Wooden Soldiers." The Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy comedy is one of the films being colorized by the San Diego company.
		The Film Foundation, a New York-based subsidiary of the Directors Guild of America, said it opposes colorization unless the original filmmaker approves the makeover.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/business/20060727-9999-1b27legend.html (1143 words)

	Epinions.com - Bigger-Faster-Stronger! The movies of the 1950s
		Half of the films that I chose are in fl and white.
		This World War II film did not focus on the allies as heros and enemy as the hated foe.
		Instead, the film takes on the clash of cultures in crisis and the definition of duty and honor.
	www.epinions.com /content_1757192324 (976 words)

	Palm Beach International Film Festival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Filmed in Columbia and in the U.S., the video blends Latino popular culture and functioned as a mirror of Latin America's sexually segregated society.
		Please note that all films, events and venues are subject to change.
		The PBIFF is a not for profit 501 (3)(c) charity dedicated to improving educational programs in Palm Beach County high schools, community colleges and universities and is one of the few film festivals in the world whose proceeds are channeled into film education.
	www.pbifilmfest.org /students_2005.shtml (1040 words)

	Bright Lights Film Journal \| European Dubbing
		And the film community has equally criticized the cutting down of widescreen movies for video and television (the so-called pan-and-scan process), as well as the speeding up of films so they fit better into a commercial TV time slot.
		They'll tell you that U.S. films are so dominant in the marketplace that 99 percent of all releases would have to come out in subtitled versions if dubbing were abandoned and that, let's face it, 99 percent of filmgoers aren't all that willing to do quite so much reading.
		It's far preferable to believe that those in the movie business recognize voice dubbing as at least as bad an offense as colorization, and that they're putting the pressure on behind the scenes, communicating their dissatisfaction to film distributors in those countries that resort to dubbing.
	www.brightlightsfilm.com /29/dubbing1.html (3587 words)

	NEWS \| MAGAZINE \| VOLUME 25-4 NOVEMBER 2000
		Pollack has been a champion for the protection of the creative work of film directors and he has testified before a Subcommittee of the Unites States Senate on the subject of film colorization.
		Capra is receiving a DGA award in recognition of his instrumental role in transforming Wilmington into a regional production center for both television and film, as well as for his significant contributions as a creator of original programming.
		The decision to stage the DGA Honors award ceremony in New York is intended to showcase the unique synergy between film and television makers, investment capital, organized laborers, performing talent and forward-thinking city officials which has fueled New York's record revenues and production schedules.
	www.dga.org /news/v25_4/news_DGA_Honors2K.php3 (1104 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for colorization, motion picture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		colorization, motion picture COLORIZATION, MOTION PICTURE [colorization, motion picture] electronic process that uses computers to add color to fl-and-white movies, creating new colored videotape versions.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "colorization, motion picture" at HighBeam.
		Pioneer of Colorization, Dr. Sandrew Elected to American Film Technologies Board.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/02951.html (267 words)

	DGA
		In 1986, concerned with growing practice of colorizing fl-and-white films, Cates appointed a Special Advisory Committee to study the trend and recommend action that the DGA might take.
		Under Cates' leadership the DGA spearheaded a fight against film colorization on Capitol Hill, leading to the National Film Preservation Act of 1988 whereby, for the first time in the United States, film was defined as art.
		The 2002 contract negotiations produced the blending of the Guild's film and television agreements and, most recently, the 2005 negotiations resulted in significant creative rights gains and the largest total economic benefits package in DGA history.
	www.dga.org /news/pr_expand.php3?397 (968 words)

	TimeBrush Studios - Colorization [ Colourization ], Revival, and Restoration of Black & White Television Shows, Motion ...
		TimeBrush Studios is the world's premiere facility for motion video and film colorization - specializing in the revival of monochromatic classics, such as fl and white movies, sitcoms, sport/ news documentaries, and music videos - or color restoration and editing in poor quality/ damaged recordings of yester-years.
		These technologies were designed from the ground-up specifically for colorizing monochromatic motion pictures, and provide an unprecedented rendering quality for the lowest dollar value.
		This means that TimeBrush'ed recordings closely mimic the 'actual' colors, just as these would have 'looked' in a original color recording.
	www.timebrush.com (2633 words)

	DVD Review:
		When Irene wins a society scavenger hunt (and atypically trumps her scheming sister) by producing a "lost man," a seeming tramp named Godfrey (William Powell), all their lives are transformed.
		I had a copy of the colorized version of Garbo's Camille, and it was spectacular, I'm hoping to see this on dvd some day.
		I believe that film colorization is an art-form that has been unjustly met with disdain (reminds me of what they said about sound films when they first came out), but fortunately not abandoned.
	www.killermovies.com /dvd/4603.html (894 words)

	ACLU News: ACLU Foundation Honors Martin Scorsese and Lava Record's Jason Flom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		His advocacy on Capitol Hill for film preservation resulted in passage of the National Film Preservation Act of 1988 and established the National Film Preservation Foundation, ensuring the survival of America's rich motion picture heritage.
		Martin Scorsese has demonstrated his dedication to artistic freedom by his criticism of film colorization and other film alterations, his support for The National Film Disclosure Act, and his opposition to both the Communications Decency Act and the V-Chip.
		Clients represented include women, children, people of color, lesbians and gay men, workers, the poor, and people with disabilities, including HIV disease.
	www.aclu-sc.org /News/ReleasesPrint/100272 (743 words)

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