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Topic: Filovirus

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	Medmicro Chapter 72
		Filovirus transcription and replication are mediated by a single virus-encoded polymerase in the cytoplasm of the infected cell.
		Filovirus genomes are more complex than those of lyssaviruses and vesiculoviruses and align organizationally more closely to members of the genera paramyxovirus and morbillivirus.
		Filovirus genomes are approximately 19 kb long (Marburg, 19.1 kb; Ebola, 18.9 kb) and are organized as illustrated in figure 72-1A.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch072.htm (5120 words)

	Filoviruses Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Reston subtype is the only known filovirus that does not cause severe disease in humans; however, it can be fatal in monkeys.
		The first filovirus was recognized in 1967 when a number of laboratory workers in Germany and Yugoslavia, who were handling tissues from green monkeys, developed hemorrhagic fever.
		During recorded outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever caused by filovirus infection, persons who cared for (fed, washed, medicated) or worked very closely with infected individuals were especially at risk of becoming infected themselves.
	www.health.state.nd.us /EPR/Public/viral/FilovirusFact.htm (733 words)

	Chapter Abstracts: Ebola and Marburg Viruses: Molecular and Cellular Biology
		As a result, a conceptual model for filovirus entry can be constructed which should prove valuable in future elaboration of the entry process and pathogenesis as well as in future identification of suitable therapeutic targets.
		Further research using mouse models of filovirus infection should focus on virus-cell interactions at the molecular level and on means of preventing viral suppression of innate immune responses.
		Finally, filovirus infection may inhibit the function of immunologically important cells, inhibit the activation of neutrophils, and destroy and/or inhibit the proliferation of monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes.
	www.horizonpress.com /hsp/abs/absemv.html (2391 words)

	Virus World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Filovirus particles are morphologically similar to rhabdovirus particles but much longer.
		Filovirus genomes are approximately 19 kb in length and very rich in adenosine and uridine residues.
		Filovirus genomes are transcribed to yield monocistronic subgenomic
	rhino.bocklabs.wisc.edu /cgi-bin/virusworld/htdocs.pl?docname=ebola.html (3058 words)

	Filoviruses \| CDC Special Pathogens Branch
		Ebola-Reston is the only known filovirus that does not cause severe disease in humans; however, it can be fatal in monkeys.
		During outbreaks, isolation of patients and use of protective clothing and disinfection procedures (together called viral hemorrhagic fever isolation precautions or barrier nursing) has been sufficient to interrupt further transmission of Marburg or Ebola viruses, and thus to control and end the outbreak.
		Because there is no known effective treatment for the hemorrhagic fevers caused by filoviruses, transmission prevention through application of VHF isolation precautions is currently the centerpiece of filovirus control.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/filoviruses.htm (819 words)

	[No title]
		Further work is needed to clarify the role of caveolae in filovirus infection of target cells possessing this endocytic pathway, and also to clarify the alternative routes of endocytosis operating in these and other target cells.
		However, filovirus entry is also dependent upon the acidification of the endosomes, suggesting that viruses traffic not to the pH-neutral caveosome but to the endosomes.
		This raises the possibility that filovirus entry depends upon Rab5 to mediate the trafficking of viral vesicles to the endosomes, and their subsequent pH-dependent release, rather than to the neutral caveosome, the default destination of vesicles endocytosed by cholesterol-dependent pathways.
	courses.washington.edu /pabio552/grant.doc (2394 words)

	Potential mammalian filovirus reservoirs Emerging Infectious Diseases - Find Articles
		We made a series of explicit assumptions about the reservoir: it is a mammal; it supports persistent, largely asymptomatic filovirus infections; its range subsumes that of its associated filovirus; it has coevolved with the virus; it is of small body size; and it is not a species that is commensal with humans.
		We define the reservoir that we are seeking as a set of populations or species of animal or plant that sustains the pool of virus from which infections in primates have sprung.
		Hence, a first assumption of this article, or a first step in the application of this approach to the challenge of detecting filovirus reservoirs, is to focus on malnmals as candidate taxa.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GVK/is_12_10/ai_n8592185 (783 words)

	Yunnie's Filovirus Page
		Filovirus virions are named for their characteristic threadlike morphology (filo means "filament" in Latin).
		Eventually, high concentrations of replicated viral genomes begin to appear, marked by the formation of large inclusion bodies with maturation occurring through budding from the plasma membrane.
		The Filovirus family was defined only through the morphologic and replicative mechanisms of the Marburg and Ebola viruses, compared to other -ssRNA viruses.
	www.stanford.edu /group/virus/1999/yunnie/filovirus.html (736 words)

	How prevalent is filovirus exposure worldwide?
		Monkeys surviving filovirus infection clear the virus from their bodies and are not infectious (Fisher-Hoch et al.
		The high levels of antibodies raised in response to fighting off the initial filovirus challenge are not predictably successful in protecting monkeys against a second challenge with Ebola Zaire (Fisher-Hoch et al.
		Johnson ED; Gonzalez JP; Georges A (1993 #1) Haemorrhagic fever virus activity in equatorial Africa: distribution and prevalence of filovirus reactive antibody in the Central African Republic.
	www.mcb.uct.ac.za /ebola/ebola-pr.html (762 words)

	EBOLA
		Initial filovirus infection is followed by an incubation period lasting 4-10 days, before symptoms develop.
		The bleeding that characterizes hemorrhagic fevers is particularly severe in filovirus infection.
		Characteristic pathology is seen in all filovirus infections.
	www.brown.edu /Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/ebola/path.html (442 words)

	Untitled Document
		Because lymphocytes are refractory to filovirus infection in vitro, the authors hypothesize that cytokines or other mediators cause lymphoid destruction in vivo.
		In support of this hypothesis, the authors report that infection of monkeys with filoviruses increases the frequency of apoptotic lymphocytes, which are themselves uninfected.
		Because filovirus infection causes extraordinary hemorrhagia, it had been reasonable to suspect a direct effect of infection on endothelial cells.
	info.med.yale.edu /labinvest/abstracts/00months/0002Feb/0002li.html (1434 words)

	filovirus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The filovirus is composed of one molecule of single stranded RNA.
		Filoviruses are zoonotic in nature, however the origin of the natural reservoir remain undetermined.
		It is now believed that bats may be carriers of the filovirus.
	www.arches.uga.edu /~icund/filovirus.html (289 words)

	Ecologic and geographic distribution of filovirus disease - Research Emerging Infectious Diseases - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		We used ecologic niche modeling of outbreaks and sporadic cases of filovirus-associated hemorrhagic fever (HF) to provide a large-scale perspective on the geographic and ecologic distributions of Ebola and Marburg viruses.
		We predicted that filovirus would occur across the Afrotropics: Ebola HF in the humid rain forests of central and western Africa, and Marburg HF in the drier and more open areas of central and eastern Africa.
		First, filovirus transmission to humans is not common, mad most occurrences can be traced to a single index case (2,6,19) (exceptions occur--e.g., the Durba Marburg outbreak appears to have involved multiple independent infections of humans from a reservoir population presumably associated with a mine).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GVK/is_1_10/ai_112409747 (802 words)

	AnDrEw'S EBOLA page
		It is an extremely fatal filovirus which effects monkeys, apes and humans.
		A filovirus is a family of viruses, Ebola and Marburg, they are also called thread viruses.
		Marburg is a much less fatal filovirus similar to Ebola, it first appeared in 1967.
	members.shaw.ca /andrewstagg/acs/ebola.html (902 words)

	What Is Ebola?
		Ebola is a filovirus named after a river in Zaire, its first site of discovery.
		This filovirus is usually fatal, and it affects monkeys, apes and humans.
		Another filovirus is the Marbug virus, which gives similar symptoms to Ebola, but the chance of surving an infection of Marbug virus is higher.
	www.brettrussell.com /personal/what_is_ebola_.html (125 words)

	Filovirus - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Detailed information about the causes of Filovirus including medication causes and drug interaction causes can be found in our causes pages.
		With a diagnosis of Filovirus, it is also important to consider whether there is an underlying condition causing Filovirus.
		Underlying medical conditions are other medical conditions that may possibly cause Filovirus.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /f/filovirus/intro.htm (384 words)

	Ebola-Related Filovirus Infection in Nonhuman Primates
		In November 1989, infections caused by a filovirus closely related to Ebola virus were detected in cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys imported from the Philippines and held in a primate quarantine facility in Virginia (1).
		One hundred forty-nine persons who came in contact with infected animals or the blood or tissues of these animals were placed under surveillance for 21 days after their last known exposure, and all were tested for Ebola virus antibody.
		The only known episode of the transmission of a filovirus from monkeys to humans resulted from direct handling, without protective measures, of blood and tissues from monkeys infected in the wild by Marburg virus.
	wonder.cdc.gov /wonder/prevguid/p0000272/p0000272.asp (1967 words)

	Ebola
		Ebola virus is part of the negative stranded RNA family known as filovirus.
		Filovirus is a family of viruses that cause hemorrhagic fevers.
		Ebola is a string shaped virus with a hook or loop at one end.
	www.arches.uga.edu /~scbysue3/intro.htm (566 words)

	AG Dr. Elke Mühlberger - Replication and transcription of filoviruses
		Although this order includes some viruses, whose replication and transcription strategy is well understood, the mechanisms of filovirus replication and transcription still remain an enigma.
		In order to analyze the replication and transcription strategy of filoviruses, minigenome-based reverse genetics systems were established for EBOV as well as MBGV.
		Further topics of our research are (i) influence of filovirus infection on cellular pathways and (ii) interaction of SARS coronavirus with the type I interferon system.
	www.med.uni-marburg.de /stpg/ukm/lt/hygiene/viro/muehlberger/agmuehlberger.htm (1186 words)

	Human Macrophage C-Type Lectin Specific for Galactose and N-Acetylgalactosamine Promotes Filovirus Entry -- Takada et ...
		filovirus genome encodes envelope glycoprotein (GP) that is
		Increased infectivity by VSV pseudotyped with filovirus GPs of K562 cells expressing hMGL.
		Molecular pathogenesis of filovirus infections: role of macrophages and endothelial cells.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/6/2943 (3195 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| The viral transmembrane superfamily: possible divergence of Arenavirus and Filovirus ...
		Within the first amphipathic helix, demonstrable by circular dichroism of a peptide fragment, there is a highly conserved heptad repeat pattern proposed to mediate multimerization by coiled-coil interactions.
		The amino terminal 18 amino acids are 28% identical and 50% highly similar to the corresponding region of Ebola, a member of the Filovirus family.
		Within the second, charged helix just prior to membrane insertion there is also high similarity over the central 18 amino acids in corresponding regions of Lassa and Ebola, which may be further related to the similar region of HIV-1 defining a potent antiviral peptide analogue.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2180/1/1 (2712 words)

	"Tests Reveal a Benign Infection With Unusual Virus" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Although no one who worked with the monkeys became sick, 42 of 550 people exposed contracted filovirus infection.
		The rate was surprising, said Kenneth Herrmann, deputy director of the CDC's Division of Viral Diseases.
		No one with filovirus infection has become sick, however, which may mean that this Ebola relative is not harmful to people, Herrmann said.
	www.aegis.com /news/ads/1990/AD900844.html (389 words)

	Lipid Raft Microdomains: A Gateway for Compartmentalized Trafficking of Ebola and Marburg Viruses -- Bavari et al. 195 ...
		Spatiotemporal aspects of filovirus entry and release are poorly
		of filovirus entry and budding at the molecular level.
		Localization of filovirus proteins in lipid rafts in infected cells.
	www.jem.org /cgi/content/full/195/5/593 (6346 words)

	ICTVdB Virus Description - 01.025.0.01. Marburgvirus
		The proposal has been approved at the meeting of the Executive Committee in San Diego, 1998 and Paris, 2002 the taxon has been designated as Genus.
		The genus Filovirus ceased to exist and was split into "Ebola-like" and "Marburg-like viruses" in San Diego 1998.
		A new proposal, presented for the first time in Washington 2000, suggested to rename the genera from "-like viruses" to Ebolavirus with Zaire ebolavirus (formerly Zaire Ebola virus) as type species and Marburgvirus with Lake Victoria marburgvirus (formerly Marburgvirus).
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /ICTVdb/ICTVdB/25010000.htm (870 words)

	The role of the Type I interferon response in the resistance of mice to filovirus infection -- Bray 82 (6): 1365 -- ...
		The role of the Type I interferon response in the resistance of mice to filovirus infection
		Filovirus infections have been studied in a number of animal
		Because of the strong innate antiviral responses to filovirus
	vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/82/6/1365 (4944 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Filovirus - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Filovirus (medical condition): A group of viruses that includes Marburg and Ebola
		Filovirus: Filovirus is listed as a type of (or associated with) the following medical conditions in our database: Viral diseases
		Filovirus: Filoviruses belong to a virus family called Filoviridae and can cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/filovirus.htm (261 words)

	Winnipeg Hosts International Experts on Deadly Viruses: Filovirus Symposium puts Ebola and Marburg 'Under the ...
		The Ebola and Marburg viruses make up the filovirus family, so called due to their string-like filament shape.
		The International Centre for Infectious Diseases (ICID), for its part, is a Winnipeg-based not for profit organization with a mandate to advance Canada's infectious diseases capacity and facilitate the sharing of Canadian disease expertise globally.
		ICID served as the manager for the Filovirus Symposium, assisting scientists in the planning, promotion and financing of the event.
	www.phac-aspc.gc.ca /media/nr-rp/2006/2006_07_e.html (551 words)

	:: BioReliance ::
		Filovirus Profile for Ebola and Marburg (single serum)
		Filovirus Antigen Capture (tissue), Marburg and Ebola Strains, CDC Approved Assay
		Note: Our Filovirus ELISA is approved for CDC and New York State Department of Health import requirements.
	www.bioreliance.com /filovirus.html (161 words)

	Avid Community Forums
		Posted to Avid Symphony Nitris (Forum) by Filovirus on September 14, 2006
		I've been promised for 5 years now that i could be sent on a proper colour correction course.
		Got a project coming up shortly where i need to make the whole programme look as if it's been made in the 1970's.
	www.avid.com /exchange/search/SearchResults.aspx?u=8745&o=DateDescending (409 words)

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