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Topic: Final War of the Roman Republic

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Second Punic War The Second Punic War, fought between Carthage and the Roman Republic from 218-202 BC, was the final major Carthaginian military opposition to Rome's dominence in the Mediterranean. After the end of the First Punic War in 241 BC, Carthage decided to concentrate on controlling Spain to gain direct control over its mineral resources and to mount an army of the inhabitants to go against the Roman legions. Outbreak of the War of the Allies in Greece. www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /punic2.htm

Third Republic --  Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer! (149–146 BC), also called Third Carthaginian War, third of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) Empire that resulted in the final destruction of Carthage, the enslavement of its population, and Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean. Despite its series of short-lived governments, the Third Republic was marked by social stability (except for the Alfred Dreyfus affair), industrialization, and establishment of a professional civil service. Presidents of the Third Republic included Adolphe Thiers (1871–73), Maurice de Mac-Mahon (1873–79), Jules Grévy (1879–87), Sadi Carnot (1887–94), Félix Faure (1895–99), Émile Loubet (1899–1906), Armand Fallières (1906–13), Raymond Poincaré (1913–20), Alexandre Millerand (1920–24), Gaston Doumergue (1924–31), and Albert Lebrun (1932–40). concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9380626

Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Romania / Glossary The party came to power as a result of the Soviet occupation during the final year of World War II. The Soviet minister of defense is traditionally the supreme commander of Warsaw Pact forces. In 1948 it merged with on wing of the Social Democratic Party to form the Romanian Workers' Party (Partidul Muncitoresc Român--PMR). lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/romania/ro_glos.html   (1029 words)

Second Punic War The Second Punic War, fought between Carthage and the Roman Republic from 218-202 BC, was the final major Carthaginian military opposition to Rome's dominence in the Mediterranean. After the end of the First Punic War in 241 BC, Carthage decided to concentrate on controlling Spain to gain direct control over its mineral resources and to mount an army of the inhabitants to go against the Roman legions. Outbreak of the War of the Allies in Greece. www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /punic2.htm   (1121 words)

Second Punic War The Second Punic War, fought between Carthage and the Roman Republic from 218-202 BC, was the final major Carthaginian military opposition to Rome's dominence in the Mediterranean. After the end of the First Punic War in 241 BC, Carthage decided to concentrate on controlling Spain to gain direct control over its mineral resources and to mount an army of the inhabitants to go against the Roman legions. Outbreak of the War of the Allies in Greece. www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /punic2.htm   (1121 words)

Roman military history - Open Encyclopedia The core of Roman military history is the account of its great land battles, from the conquest of Italy to its final battles against the Huns. The Roman Army was the collection of soldiers and other military forces which served the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. Before the First Punic War in 264 BC there was no Roman navy to speak of as all previous Roman war had been fought in Italy. open-encyclopedia.com /Roman_military_history   (1780 words)

Third French Republic It was a parliamentary republican democracy that was created following the collapse of the Empire of Napoleon III in the Franco-Prussian War. Monarchists and right wing Roman Catholics, many of whom were anti-semitic, and in some cases blaming a "Jewish plot" for the triumph of republicanism, immediately attacked Dreyfus and refused to consider the possibility that he was innocent. The French Third Republic, sometimes written as the IIIrd Republic (1870-1940), was the governing body of France between the Second Empire and the Fourth Republic. faculty.ucc.edu /egh-damerow/third_french_republic.htm   (1047 words)

The Heart of Change: Julius Caesar and the End of the Roman Republic A look at this model shows that it is a good one for describing the actions of Julius Caesar as he took charge of the Roman Republic and ended the democratic rule of the Roman Senate and replaced it with a system that would result in the rule of Caesar’s for centuries to come. At the end of the final war (146 BC) the city of Carthage was razed, the population of Carthage was enslaved, and the soil around the city was salted so that it would be unable to support crops in the future. Secondly, Jimenez noted that the Roman Senate did not adequately support the legions that were needed to maintain control of the new conquered lands. www.michaellorenzen.com /caesar.html   (5320 words)

The Roman Quest for Secular Order (150 BC to 300 AD) - By Miles Hodges The Romans did not follow up their victory in such a way to discourage further thoughts of rebellion and in 148-146 BC a final war brought Macedonia under full Roman dominion as a Roman province and the rest of Greece under the full "protection" of the Roman governor in Macedonia. But Roman political expansion and the question of which of the two powers was to dominate southern Italy was destined to produce friction with the Greeks in Italy. But perhaps the most important effect of Marius was in the way that he brought the military forward as a key arbiter of public affairs. www.newgenevacenter.org /west/roman2.htm   (5505 words)

Ancient Rome - Punic Wars 149-146 BC), also called Third Carthaginian War, third of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) Empire that resulted in the final destruction of Carthage, the enslavement of its population, and Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean. Punic War, Second (218-201 BC), also called SECOND CARTHAGINIAN WAR, second in a series of wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) Empire that resulted in Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean. Roman troops tried to bar his advance but were outmatched, and Hannibal's hold over northern Italy was established. www.crystalinks.com /punicwars.html   (5505 words)

Encyclopedia: Battle of the Aegates Islands The Battle of the Aegates Islands or Aegusa (Aegadian Islands, off the western coast of the island of Sicily, 10 March 241 BC) was the final naval battle fought between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic during the First Punic War. Battle of Drepana Conflict First Punic War Date 249 BC Place Offshore Drepana, in Sicily Result Carthaginian victory The battle of Drepana or Drepanum (offshore modern Trapani, western coast of Sicily, 249 BC) was the a naval battle between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic, fought during the... Battle of the Aegates Islands, 242 BC Battle of the Aegates (Egadi) Islands, 241 BC By the winter of 243/2 the Roman treasury is exhausted. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Battle-of-the-Aegates-Islands   (1883 words)

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Online Research :: Information about Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Kingdom of the first Piasts Kingdom of Poland during feudal dissolution Kingdom of the later Piasts History of Poland (1385-1569) Republic of Both Nations Duchy of Warsaw Congress Poland Grand Duchy of Pozna Free City of Krakw Kingdom of Poland (1916-1918) Second Polish Republic Polish Secret State People's Republic of Poland Poland In the late 17th century, the weakened Commonwealth under King John III of Poland was still strong enough to deal crushing defeats to the Ottoman Empire: in 1683, the Battle of Vienna marked the final turning point in a 250-year struggle between the forces of Christianity Europe and the Islam Ottoman Empire. It should be noted that the Counter-Reformation in Poland, influenced by the Commonwealth tradition of Religious tolerance, was based mostly on Jesuit Propaganda, and was very peaceful when compared to excesses such as the Thirty Years' War elsewhere in Europe. in-northcarolina.com /search/Polish_Lithuanian_Commonwealth.html   (4810 words)

Switzerland - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Switzerland Switzerland managed to maintain its neutrality in the Thirty Years' War (1618–48), and at the end of the war the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) recognized the final separation of Switzerland from the Habsburg Empire. Switzerland in World War II In World War II the conquest of France by Germany in 1940 made Switzerland economically dependent upon the latter, and in August 1940 a new trade agreement between the two countries was signed. Switzerland participated in a non-military capacity by organizing Red Cross units, tracing the missing, and permitting incapacitated prisoners of war to be interned within its frontiers. encyclopedia.farlex.com /Switzerland   (2789 words)

Rome: The Crisis of the Republic This war, the Jugurthine War, was prosecuted with little enthusiasm and the Roman people grew suspicious of the Senate. The Punic Wars and the Macedonian Wars flooded Rome and Roman territories with new slaves. Sulla, despite his intentions to restore Roman government to what he saw as its original form, nonetheless brought about a revolutionary new way of doing government: as a general, he used his army to kill his opponents (and even some who weren't his opponents). www.wsu.edu /~dee/ROME/CRISIS.HTM   (1578 words)

Switzerland Switzerland managed to maintain its neutrality in the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48), and at the end of the war the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) recognized the final separation of Switzerland from the Habsburg Empire. Switzerland participated in a non-military capacity by organizing Red Cross units, tracing the missing, and permitting incapacitated prisoners of war to be interned within its frontiers. In the 11th century Switzerland was united under the German (Holy Roman) Empire, but in the 12th century many autonomous feudal holdings developed as the power of the Empire declined. www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0019866.html   (1578 words)

Battle of the Aegates Islands The battle of the Aegates Islands or Aegusa (offshore western coast of Sicily, March 10 241 BC) was the final naval battle between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic, during the First Punic War. Ancient Rome directory -- Military History of Rome -- List of Roman battles -- First Punic War-- Battle of the Aegates Islands case The years preceding the battle of the Aegates Islands were of relative quiet development of the First Punic War. www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/b/ba/battle_of_the_aegates_islands.html   (641 words)

Bosnia and Herzegovina article - Bosnia and Herzegovina Balkans Sarajevo Yugoslavia Yugoslav wars Dayton Accords protectorate - What-Means.com The republic gained its independence in the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s and due to the Dayton Accords, it is currently a protectorate of the international community, administered by a High Representative selected by the European Parliament. On November 21, 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties signed a peace agreement that brought to a halt the three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on December 14, 1995). The Cold War saw the establishment of the Communist Yugoslavia under Tito, and the reestablishment of Bosnia as a republic within its Ottoman borders. www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina   (1169 words)

Articles - Roman Republic The final confrontation of the Roman Republic occurred on 2 of September, 31 BC, at the naval Battle of Actium where the fleet of Octavian under the command of Agrippa routed the combined fleet of Antony and Cleopatra; the two lovers fled to Egypt. Save for the disasterous defeat at the battle of Tunis in Africa, and the battle of the Lipari Islands on the sea, the First Punic war was mostly an unbroken string of Roman victories. Roman victories at Thermopylae (191 BC) and the Battle of Magnesia (190 BC), forced Antiochus to sign the Treaty of Apamia (188 BC), ceeding Seleucid territory to Rome and Pergamon, and extracting a war indemnity of 15,000 talents of silver. www.worldhammock.com /articles/Roman_Republic   (11826 words)

Battle of the Aegates Islands The battle of the Aegates Islands or Aegusa (offshore western coast of Sicily March 10 241 BC) was the final naval battle between fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic during the First Punic War. Rome lacked a fleet the one it had at the beginning the war had been destroyed in the battle of Drepana and in the storm that followed however Carthage made little use of this The war was stalled concentrated in small land operations in Sicily. The years preceding the battle of the Islands were of relative quiet development of First Punic War. www.freeglossary.com /Battle_of_the_Aegates_Islands   (652 words)

Phocis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Under the dominion of the Roman republic its national league was dissolved, but was revived by Augustus, who also restored to Phocis the votes in the Delphic Amphictyony which it had lost in 346 and enrolled it in the new Achaean synod. The Phocian levy took part in the inroads of Epaminondas into Peloponnesus, except in the final campaign of Mantinea ( 370 – 362), from which their contingent was withheld. With the help of these troops the Phocian League at first carried the war into Boeotia and Thessaly, and though driven out of the latter country by Philip of Macedon, maintained itself for ten years, until the exhaustion of the temple treasures and the treachery of its leaders placed it at Philip's mercy. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fokis   (652 words)

Sudan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia We technically deny involvement in Chadian internal affairs." This attack was the final straw that led to the declaration of war by Chad and the alleged deployment of the Chadian airforce into Sudanese airspace, which the Chadian government denies. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest. Largest Christian denominations are the Roman Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church of the Sudan, the Presbyterian Church in the Sudan and the Coptic Orthodox Church. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sudan   (2604 words)

CIA - The World Factbook -- Field Listing - Background With the advent of the Cold War, two German states were formed in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the eastern German Democratic Republic (GDR). Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Treaties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman Catholicism special status in Italy. The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south. www.phatnav.com /factbook/fields/2028.html   (2604 words)

Sudan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia We technically deny involvement in Chadian internal affairs." This attack was the final straw that led to the declaration of war by Chad and the alleged deployment of the Chadian airforce into Sudanese airspace, which the Chadian government denies. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest. Largest Christian denominations are the Roman Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church of the Sudan, the Presbyterian Church in the Sudan and the Coptic Orthodox Church. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sudan   (2648 words)

First Servile War - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation First Servile War It was the first of a series of three slave revolts in the Roman Republic; the last and the most famous was led by Spartacus. The First Servile War was an unsuccessful slave uprising against the Romans on the island of Sicily. The uprising was mostly caused by great changes of property ensuing upon the final expulsion of the Carthaginians, about the middle of the Second Punic War. www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/First-Servile-War.html   (489 words)

Rome: Total War @ The Wargamer Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus is recognised as one of the greatest Roman military leaders of the Roman Republic. Scipio Africanus fell ill during the invasion of Asia Minor and actual command of the army at Magnesia (189BCE), the final battle of the war with Antiochus, fell to Gnaeus Domitius. Following the Second Punic War, Scipio Africanus served as Legate to his younger brother Lucius Cornelius Scipio during the war with Antiochus of Syria, first in Greece, and later in Asia Minor. totalwar.wargamer.com /factions_page4.html   (1476 words)

Second Punic War (218-201 BC) (from ancient Rome) --  Encyclopædia Britannica (149–146 BC), also called Third Carthaginian War, third of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) Empire that resulted in the final destruction of Carthage, the enslavement of its population, and Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean. The city of Carthage, located in what is now Tunisia in North Africa, had been founded in 814 BC by the Phoenicians—a people whose home city was Tyre (now part of Lebanon). The Greece that Poe praised was primarily Athens during its golden age in the 5th century BC. www.britannica.com /eb/article-26609?tocId=26609   (1476 words)

Rome: Total War @ The Wargamer Scipio Africanus fell ill during the invasion of Asia Minor and actual command of the army at Magnesia (189BCE), the final battle of the war with Antiochus, fell to Gnaeus Domitius. Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus is recognised as one of the greatest Roman military leaders of the Roman Republic. Following the Second Punic War, Scipio Africanus served as Legate to his younger brother Lucius Cornelius Scipio during the war with Antiochus of Syria, first in Greece, and later in Asia Minor. totalwar.wargamer.com /factions_page4.html   (1476 words)

NIR General Information Index The first Home Rule bill was introduced in 1886, the second in 1893, and the third and final one in 1912-14; but the outbreak of World War I postponed implementation until after the war. The southern border is with the republic of Ireland. British troops, sent in the early 1970s to keep peace, were soon viewed by the Roman Catholic side as representatives of a foreign power. www.rootsweb.com /~nirwgw/nir_general.htm   (1476 words)

Italian archeologists on trail of ancient warships The Battle of the Aegates Islands was the final naval battle between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic during the First Punic War and marked a turning point for the two powers. After two years of underwater searches around the islands, which lie west of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea, experts last year found a bronze helmet and some amphorae from about 241 BC, the date of the decisive Roman victory over the Carthage fleet. Maybe quite a number, but they would have to have gone down (i.e., not have been burned) during battle, fully loaded, and remained at depths where hydrogen sulfide replaces oxygen. www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-chat/1462038/posts   (403 words)

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