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Topic: Final Cause

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	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Cause
		With certain important modifications concerning the eternity of the material cause, the substantiality of certain formal causes of material entities, and the determination of the final cause, the fourfold division was handed on to the Christian teachers of patristic and scholastic times.
		The final cause is to be sought for in the intention of the moulder.
		The final cause, like the efficient, is extrinsic to the effect, the latter being the cause of the existence of the former, and the former causing the latter, not in its existence, but as to its activity here and now exercised.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/03459a.htm (8920 words)

	Causality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It embraces the account of causes in terms of fundamental principles or general laws, as the whole (macrostructure) is the cause of its parts (the whole-part causation).
		The Final Cause is that for the sake of which a thing exists, or is done - including both purposeful and instrumental actions.
		Causing each other reciprocally, as hard work causes fitness, and vice versa - although not in the same way or function: the one is as the beginning of change, the other as the goal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cause (4566 words)

	Purpose - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pursuing a career, raising a family, devotion to a creative vocation or to a cause, and acquiring property are perhaps the most widespread of long-term purposes that make life meaningful according to such philosophies.
		Purpose is similar to teleology, the idea that a final goal is implicit in all living organisms.
		The difference is between a cause as pushing from behind (movements of billiard balls) and a cause as pulling from within (movement of a growing plant).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Final_Cause (342 words)

	Causality
		The efficient cause is related to the final cause, and the material cause is related to the formal cause.
		Hence the efficient cause is the cause of the final cause, and the final cause is the cause of the efficient cause.
		But the final cause is the cause of the efficient cause, not in the sense that it makes it be, but inasmuch as it is the reason for the causality of the efficient cause.
	www.cneuroscience.org /Topics/Causality (2398 words)

	Why Final Cause©? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The ideas and opinions expressed are the material cause, the physical publication would be the formal cause, and the final cause, well, that is in my explanation of the purpose of the newsletter.
		The final cause, in Aristotelian terms, is fundamentally the primary purpose, the end which is achieved.
		Final Cause shall be a haven for the hero and a hell for the anti-hero.
	members.aol.com /finlcause/why.html (601 words)

	Law.com: Pa. Judge Backs 'Factual Cause' Instruction in Negligence Case
		Civil juries hearing tort cases should be asked to weigh whether the defendant's negligence was a "factual cause" of the plaintiff's injury, not whether it was a "substantial factor," a Philadelphia judge has written in an opinion supporting recent changes in the state's standard jury instructions.
		Stanley claimed his injuries had been caused by the negligent maintenance of a stoplight at the crosswalk at which he was struck.
		Swartz said that after his subcommittee mailed out its suggestion that "factual cause" be included in jury instructions, the majority of the state's common pleas courts responded to voice their approval of the switch.
	www.law.com /jsp/law/LawArticleFriendly.jsp?id=1100535343771 (1065 words)

	FanFiction.Net : Dictionary & Thesaurus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Conclusive; decisive; as, a final judgment; the battle of Waterloo brought the contest to a final issue.
		Usage: Final is now appropriated to that which brings with it an end; as, a final adjustment; the final judgment, etc. Conclusive implies the closing of all discussion, negotiation, etc.; as, a conclusive argument or fact; a conclusive arrangement.
		The statements which a man finally makes at the close of a negotiation are usually conclusive as to his ultimate intentions and designs.
	www.fanfiction.net /dictionary.php?word=final (216 words)

	Final cessation of the Menses 1837
		The first indication of the approaching final cessation of the menses is often irregularity in the menses; and as this period is more frequently the one at which any latent disease of the uterus shows itself, it is always looked forward to with much anxiety by the female.
		Coincidences in the human system are so common, that they are frequently mistaken for cause and effect, the cessation of the menses and the appearance of scirrhus [hard cancerous tumour] and cancer, or other maladies, being regarded as cause and effect.
		Instances have occurred of the final cessation of this discharge so early as the thirty-fifth year, or even sooner, in our climate, and of their duration to the sixtieth year; but these are very uncommon.
	www.geocities.com /menobeyond/finalcess.html (2071 words)

	cause
		The efficient cause (to hohen he kinesis) is literally the moving cause, which is to say it is the active agent of the transformation or change of states (of the effect).
		The efficient cause is the builder, by whose agency the house is constructed.
		The final cause is the purpose for which it is built, e.g.
	www.hunter.cuny.edu /philo/Intro/Info/html/body_cause.html (680 words)

	Cause and Purpose, and Free Will
		The term "final cause" is now rarely heard, and purposes are expected to be epiphenomena of consciousness and intention.
		This strips Nature of any final causes, as was indeed foreseen and endorsed already in the 17th century by Spinoza.
		Causes are determined by events in the past, and since the past is immediately lost to inspection, the causes of things can be completely lost.
	www.friesian.com /purpose.htm (5368 words)

	Lecture on 4 causes
		Final cause: “the end (telos), that for the sake of which a thing is done,” e.g., health (is the cause of exercise).
		God is the efficient cause of natural objects, and God’s purposes are the final causes of the natural objects that he creates.
		The final cause of a developing plant or animal is the form it will ultimately achieve, the form into which it grows and develops.
	faculty.washington.edu /smcohen/320/4causes.htm (2024 words)

	aristotle
		The final cause is the goal of having a statue of Apollo — the 'point of it all.' (4) A by-product of this goal is the set of actions undertaken by the patrons, artists, artisans, etc. in bringing about the completed project.
		The 'final cause' that is the 'point of it all' is supported by the 'artifact' of efficient cause.
		Final cause is the realm of praxis — the public realm, requiring participants to be well versed in human nature.
	art3idea.psu.edu /boundaries/bolagrams/aristotle.html (1121 words)

	SUMMA THEOLOGICA: Is God the final cause of things?
		Therefore He is not the final cause of all things.
		Further, the final cause is the first of causes.
		Since God is the efficient, the exemplar and the final cause of all things, and since primary matter is from Him, it follows that the first principle of all things is one in reality.
	www.newadvent.org /summa/104404.htm (549 words)

	Schedule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The formal cause is what (structure or underlying properties) makes X an X. The efficient cause is what makes (produces) X. The final cause is what X is made for.
		In the case of natural objects, Aristotle thought the purpose or end of the thing (associated with the final cause) was internal to the object.
		Thus, you can see that the formal cause and the final cause (both dealing with the "plan" of the thing) were closely linked.
	faculty.washington.edu /awoody/phil100web/100lectures.htm (407 words)

	Cancer and Wisdom of the Body : The four causes of disease
		Causes are regarded as events which have to precede the disease which they cause.
		For instance, the cause (etiology) of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, and yet during its evolution all four causes shape the disease, and have to be considered.
		Final cause: The aim of the falling body is to unite with mother earth.
	www.what-is-cancer.com /papers/fourcauses.html (1045 words)

	The Four Causes
		The efficient cause of substantial changes are external to the thing that comes to be; parents are the efficient causes of the coming to be of offspring.
		The final cause, according to Aristotle is that for the sake of which motion happens.
		The notion of final causality is used by Aquinas as the basis for another proof for the existence of God, i.e.
	www.aquinasonline.com /Topics/4causes.html (2043 words)

	The Final Cause of the Difference Between the Passions Belonging to Self-Preservation and Those Which Regard the ...
		The Final Cause of the Difference Between the Passions Belonging to Self-Preservation and Those Which Regard the Society of the Sexes.
		cause of the difference in character between the passions which regard self-preservation, and those which are directed to the multiplication of the species, will illustrate the foregoing remarks yet further; and it is, I imagine, worthy of observation even upon its own account.
		On the other hand, the generation of mankind is a great purpose, and it is requisite that men should be animated to the pursuit of it by some great incentive.
	www.bartleby.com /24/2/109.html (268 words)

	Legitimizing Final Causes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The formal cause is why a thing is the type of thing that it is. The material cause is the matter in which the formal reason is impressed.
		In the terminology of philosophers, it is a teleological definition (a definition that relies on "final causes"), and it forces the horizon's evolution to be teleological.
		Finally, the distinction between reasons and causes is not sufficiently developed to really tell apart teleological from scientific explanations.
	samvak.tripod.com /telos.html (3149 words)

	Aristotle. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In modern thought the efficient cause is generally considered the central explanation of a thing, but for Aristotle the final cause had primacy.
		Aristotle believed that form caused matter to move and defined motion as the process by which the potentiality of matter (the thing itself) became the actuality of form (motion itself).
		He held that the Prime Mover alone was pure form and as the “unmoved mover” and final cause was the goal of all motion.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ar/Aristotl.html (778 words)

	Symposium @ WhatWouldPlatoDo - Adeodatus: Final Cause (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		This would be the efficient cause (it's become generally agreed that Aristotle's analysis does not have efficient causes as they later came to be known, but motive or moving causes; but this is not important for our purposes here).
		However, we should not get the idea that 'final cause' and 'purpose' are synonymous; the latter implies personal intentions in a way the former does not.
		In other words, final causality answers why the efficient cause is the cause of this rather than anything else; thus in Aristotelian analyses of causation, the efficient cause, which is what we usually call 'cause', is usually considered to depend on final causality in order to cause anything at all.
	www.whatwouldplatodo.com /symposium/showthread.php?t=353 (1251 words)

	20th WCP: The Metaphor of Light and the Active Intellect as Final Cause: De Anima III.5
		Guthrie contends that the external efficient cause of thought, that is the active intellect, is the first cause of the movement of all nature, that is god or the primary mover.
		In both cases, the active intellect of the final cause function is clear (as opposed to a typical efficient cause, as many scholars have thought).
		This implies that there is no efficient cause for thought, and that when one understands the universal of an image, the movement made is one of natural activity, of realization of the nature of the intellect.
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/Anci/AnciDono.htm (3661 words)

	DOLHENTY ARCHIVE: Being and Existence - G
		An extrinsic cause is that which is not within the created being, but which lends an influence or activity to the producing or maintaining of that being.
		This sculptor is the efficient cause of the statue, that is, the accidental shaping of the marble.
		It should be obvious that the efficient cause is not in the effect, that is, the sculptor is not in the statue.
	radicalacademy.com /ontologyg.htm (1187 words)

	Karl May's Final Illness And Cause Of Death
		It is caused by pressure on the sympathetic chain at the level of C7-Th1 vertebrae [seventh cervical and first thoracic bodies of the vertebrae].
		Bronchial carcinoma originating at the apex of the lung is one of the common causes of this syndrome.
		The weakness was mainly caused by his condition: the metastatic spread of the lung cancer.
	www.angelfire.com /va/karlmay/final.html (3771 words)

	The Speculist: Final Cause
		The fundamental divide between the two camps draws out of the concept of teleology, which is the belief that the "final" cause of a phenomenon is more important than any of its "efficient" causes.
		The difficulty that we have even grasping the notion of final causes is a testament to how thoroughly the realistic view has won out.
		An emergent purpose is similar to a final cause in that both seem to work by drawing evolution or progress to a particular end.
	www.speculist.com /archives/000559.html (2000 words)

	CA and Aristotle’s Four Causes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		I believe that his ‘Four Causes’ were intended to simplify the complexity of Nature, although he himself does not mention complexity.
		Efficient cause, is the processor which by iteration drives the program to the next state.
		Final cause is the final attractor in which the system will settle down.
	www.what-is-cancer.com /papers/ca/complexity/caandaristotle.htm (360 words)

	blog.kennypearce.net: Leibniz on "Efficient" vs. "Final" Causes in Physics: Its Application to God, Science, and ...
		The heading of this section is "The Utility of Final Causes in Physics." Now Leibniz, like me, sees no conflict between an event's being "miraculous" and its being explainable in terms of physics: as in the case of the conqueror, both explanations are correct, but only one is relevant.
		He also says, in a nearby section, that it is silly for those who study final causes of things to ridicule those who study their efficient causes, and vice versa.
		A miracle is an event in which the "final cause" - the divine purpose behind it (or at least a part of that purpose) - is more readily apparent to the observer than the "efficient cause" - the physical laws which require that the event occurs.
	blog.kennypearce.net /archives/000124.html (855 words)

	Guide to Spinoza on Final Causes
		The efficient cause is the sculptor who makes the statue, and the final cause is the purpose for which he makes the statue - e.g.
		That the doctrine of final causes is false.
		Nor does it tell us what the connection between free will and final causes is. So, we want to see if there is a connection between free will and final causes, and we may expect that there is something else going on in additio n which will explain the other pairs of terms.
	oregonstate.edu /instruct/phl302/distance/spinoza/comment1.html (1275 words)

	Final Fantasy N!!! - Xbox Addict Asylum
		cause the final fantasy series is getting old and the next few games will probly suck.
		Now of course, he probably wouldn't have posted this response in the "Final Fantasy XI for Xbox" thread (where all the XBA fans were discussing how FF would rule on Xbox) in the general board, but eh...
		They have one big escape seen, then one final battle that takes place in space as the aliens are readying a weapon to destroy the Earth in a blast.
	www.xboxaddict.com /forums/showthread.php?p=82335 (1507 words)

	Final Diagnosis -- Case 88
		This man's opportunistic and bacterial infections are secondary to his immunodeficient state caused by infection with the AIDS virus.
		More interestingly however is explaining the cause for the active bleeding prior to death.
		In conclusion, the cause of death in this patient can be contributed to the disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, hepatic cirrhosis and the resulting complications leading to massive hemorrhage and subsequently death.
	path.upmc.edu /cases/case88/dx.html (905 words)

	Jacques Maritain Center: GC 3.10
		Evil therefore cannot be the cause of anything; and therefore, if there be any cause of evil, it must be caused by good.
		But since good and evil are opposites, and one opposite cannot be cause of another except accidentally, it follows that good cannot be the active cause of evil except accidentally.
		On the part of the effect evil is caused accidentally as well in respect of the matter of the effect as also in respect of its form.
	www.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/gc3_10.htm (1554 words)

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