Fine structure constant

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	Fine-structure constant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		One controversial explanation of the value of the fine-structure constant invokes the anthropic principle and argues that the value of the fine-structure is what it is because stable matter and therefore life and intelligent beings could not exist if the value were anything else.
		In the theory of quantum electrodynamics, the fine structure constant plays the role of a coupling constant, representing the strength of the interaction between electrons and photons.
		The fine-structure constant is a dimensionless quantity, and its numerical value is independent of the system of units used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fine_structure_constant (1042 words)

	informationsphere.com: Fine Structure Constant
		The fine structure constant or the constant that is usually called alpha, determines the strength of the interaction between the electromagnetic field and the electronic field or, alternatively, the strength of the interaction between photons and electrons.
	www.informationsphere.com /html/2930.htm (67 words)

	Talk:Fine-structure constant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Eddington insisted, for example, that the fine structure constant, now known to be 1/137.036, had to be precisely 1/137, and the number 137 was itself significant.
		The section "Arthur Eddington and the fine structure constant" seems to contradict what it says at Eddington number.
		The physicist Arthur Eddington at one time thought the fine-structure constant α, which had been measured at approximately 1/137, should be exactly 1/137, based on aesthetic and numerological arguments.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Fine-structure_constant (4640 words)

	Connection of Three Major Constants: fine structure constant, number pi and gold ratio.
		When accepting of geometrical essence of fine structure constant all the dimensional and the dimensionless parameters, which characterize the microworld and universe are calculable in principle.
		Fine structure constant and number pi are ontological superconstants, from which all dimensionless physical constants come from.
		At the big quantity of fundamental constants such unprecedent coincidence of calculated and experimental values is the reliable proof of the geometrical status of fine structure constant and validity of above mentioned formulas.
	www.laboratory.ru /articl/hypo/ax140e.htm (2287 words)

	Planck's Constant and the Fine Structure Constant
		This modification included a term, generally known as the the "fine structure constant" and denoted by the symbol alpha, which improved the correlation between the theory and the experimental data.
		I then show that the fine structure constant, alpha, is a coupling constant that couples the quantum of action of the electron to the quantum of action of the electromagnetic wave, and its value turns out to be simply the ratio w/h
		Plank's constant h is the quantum of action for the electromagnetic wave, and I introduce here a new constant w which is the quantum of action for the electron.
	www.fervor.demon.co.uk /planck.htm (1414 words)

	constant.htm
		There is obtained the same value of the fine structure constant.
		Others nevertheless do not have dimensions on having related magnitudes of the same species, this it is the case of the fine structure constant that in forward will call
		Inside the diverse physical theories, a series of constants are used, G for the gravitational field, c light speed, h Planck's constant, etc. In general these constants have physical dimensions (m / sg for c) on having related physical different magnitudes, in case of the light the time and the space.
	www.livinguniverseweb.com /constant.htm (477 words)

	Fine Structure
		The Fine Structure constant is the proportion of the spherical electrostatic charge to the equivalent spherical electromagnetic charge, thus each particle has its own fine structure constant.
		Below is my proof that the Fine Structure Constant is the proportion between a subatomic particle's elementary charge and its strong charge.
		The fine structure of the subatomic particle is then also instrumental in calculating the "weak nuclear force" associated with a given particle.
	www.16pi2.com /fine_structure_constant.htm (315 words)

	Fine Structure Constant Lesson 9
		Prior to learning that the Fine Structure Constant was called "alpha" I had given two of the Ra formats the respective names of "omega major" and "omega minor" and the ratio that converts numbers of either of these formats to their respective green counterpart in the green format the "omega ratio".
		Remember the omega minor version for the Fine Structure Constant or.001371742 in every case divides evenly in to the Ra sequences and repitans.
		The Rydberg constant is used in simple equations which mathematically identify the various wave lengths of the spectral lines of hydrogen from the deep infra red to the ultra violet.
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Hall/3324/neferspalace.htm (2569 words)

	Current advances: The fine-structure constant
		was introduced into physics by A. Sommerfeld in 1916 and in the past has often been referred to as the Sommerfeld fine-structure constant.
		In order to explain the observed splitting or fine structure of the energy levels of the hydrogen atom, Sommerfeld extended the Bohr theory to include elliptical orbits and the relativistic dependence of mass on velocity.
		the coupling constant for the electromagnetic force and similar to those for the other three known fundamental forces or interactions of nature: the gravitational force, the weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force.
	physics.nist.gov /cuu/Constants/alpha.html (1098 words)

	Fine Structure
		The resultant ratio 136.078772 is clearly relatively close to the inversion fine structure constant 137.035999, and the bonding wave frequency has not yet been accounted for.
		The Calculation of the Fine Structure Constant from Symmetry
		This paper is submitted more as a general observation of the relationship between the calculated symmetry center, the mass calculations, and the fine structure constant, with a theoretical attempt to show how the numbers might be derived.
	www.spectrummuse.com /fine_structure.htm (2912 words)

	Cornell Science News: Fine structure constant measurement
		Updates to the calculation of the fine structure constant have moved to higher and higher order as experimental techniques in the lab and the speed of the computer have improved.
		Updates to the estimates of the fine structure constant are published every 10 years in the Adjustment of the Fundamental Constants of Physics.
		The probability that this will occur is expressed by the value of the fine structure constant.
	www.news.cornell.edu /releases/Sept96/Kinoshita.mc.html (745 words)

	New Quasar Studies Keep Fundamental Physical Constant Constant (ESO Press Release 05/04)
		Previous astronomical measurements of the fine structure constant - the dimensionless number that determines the strength of interactions between charged particles and electromagnetic fields - suggested that this particular constant is increasing very slightly with time.
		If the fine-structure constant happens to change over the duration of the light's journey, the energy levels in the atoms would be affected and the wavelengths of the absorption lines would be shifted by different amounts.
		[2] This result has been published in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters : "Probing the variability of the fine-structure constant with the VLT/UVES" by Ralf Quast, Dieter Reimers (Hamburg Observatory, Germany), and Sergei A. Levshakov (Department of Theoretical Astrophysics, St. Petersburg, Russia).
	www.eso.org /outreach/press-rel/pr-2004/pr-05-04.html (1733 words)

	The Blinne Blog: Oh So Fine: The Fine Structure Constant and Variable Speed of Light
		The fine structure constant, alpha, is a so-called dimensionless constant.
		In both of these cases, there was a small change in the fine structure constant implying the speed of light was slowing down with time.
		The fine structure constant causes absorption lines in spectra to be separated in specific ways.
	www.blinne.org /blog/2004/03/oh_so_fine_the_.html (231 words)

	Fine Structure Constant, alpha
		The fine structure constant was first identified and named in 1916 by Arnold Sommerfeld, Heisenberg's teacher, who was studying fine patterns in spectral lines.
		(One can see the effect of alpha in hydrogen lines, so one can look at very old light to see if there has been variation over time.) Such exceptions to constancy notwithstanding, alpha is well-defined, fundamental to much of physics and chemistry, and one of the most precisely measured physical constants.
		The conventional symbol for the constant is alpha.
	www.planck.com /alpha.htm (464 words)

	A Brief History of the Fine Structure Constant
		In 2001, John Webb of the University of New South Wales reported that by his analysis, the fine structure constant 12 billion years ago was different than it's value today.
		If the fine structure constant did change over time, the absorption spectra from these quasars would have changed as well.
		However, in 2004, a team of astromomers led by Patrick Petitjean and Raghunathan Srianand have produced a study that shows for the last 10,000 million years the relative variation in the fine structure constant is less than 0.6 part per million.
	ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu /311_fall2004.web.dir/Brian_Wilson/page3.htm (216 words)

	MRTI - Millennium Rankine Technologies Inc.
		The fine structure constant, The fine structure function, The angle of scattering, The Compton effect, An Argand diagram, The complex variable, The complex conjugate, ArgZ.
		This paper discusses the mathematical analysis which will numerically produce the amount of the fine structure splitting (called after Sommerfeld) the fine structure constant.
		This equation claims that the fine structure constant can be represented by an Argand diagram.
	www.mrti-usa.com /argand_diagram.htm (777 words)

	Physics Help and Math Help - Physics Forums - fine structure constant changes over time
		I had read some works where the fine structure constant was calculated with the help of various mathematical constants and operations.
		To discuss the mathematical nature of the fine structure constant is like trying to paint a portrait by looking at an individuals shadow.
		This simply means that the fine structure constant should be constant over time - it might be better described as a 'gearing' of the matter-vacuum-time interface rather than as a fundamental constant.
	www.physicsforums.com /printthread.php?t=33554 (2444 words)

	sciforums.com - Fine structure constant may be variable
		The fine structure constant is a dimensionless quantity that contains the speed of light, the electron mass and planck's constant.
		If the fine structure constant changes jsut an eensie weensie bit, carbon becomes unstable and all life ceases.
		If that number is variable, then so is at least one of the three fundamental constants that define the finestructure constant.
	www.sciforums.com /showthread.php?t=7637 (573 words)

	SciTecLibrary - Articles and Publication
		The fine-structure constant was entered into physics by Sommerfeld in 1916 at creation of the theory of the fine-structure of energy of the atom.
		The problem of the fine-structure constant is one of 10 major problems of physics, which are called as “problems of the Millenium” [4,5].
		Concerning the value of the fine-structure constant the authors of the Berkeley's course of physics write [3]: "We have no theory, which would predict the value of this constant".
	www.sciteclibrary.ru /eng/catalog/pages/6520.html (1277 words)

	Fine Structure Constant Collection (Alpha)
		Several days ago I tried to find the fine structure constant, which is ~ 1/137.036, but suddenly received the value of Golden Section, exactly.
		Gravity fine structure constant, or gravity constant in Normalized Units.
		If the relation would be simple and the precision be great, then we could find the precise value of fine structure constant.
	www.geocities.com /Area51/Nebula/3735/fine.html (559 words)

	The Fine Structure Constant Approximation
		for the fine structure constant and in those intervening years my understanding of the nature of the problem and of its solution has evolved greatly.
		This conclusion is reinforced by the test yielding an accurate value for the fine structure constant.
		, given above in the title, for the fine structure constant in the Journal Speculations in Science and Technology[1] in 1994.
	www.btinternet.com /~ugah174/gil11.html (2810 words)

	TCAEP.co.uk :: Science-Constants-Fine Structure Constant
		The most accurate determination of the fine structure constant comes from measurements of the electron magnetic moment anomaly.
		Hence the size of α determines the scale of the fine structure of the spectrum of the atom.
	www.scenta.co.uk /tcaep/nonxml/science/constant/print/pfinestructureconstant.htm (121 words)

	Recent study forces scientists to rethink basic law of physics / 'Fine structure constant' is indeed a constant -- right?
		Since the fine structure constant controls the strength of electromagnetism-- of which light is the visible manifestation -- it "therefore controls the way light and matter interact," Murphy says.
		At stake is one of the fundamental values in physics: the arcane-sounding "fine structure constant," which measures how subatomic particles interact with light and with each other.
		They proposed an explanation for the anomaly in the position of the quasars' absorption lines: namely, the fine structure constant was very slightly weaker 12 billion years ago.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2005/05/09/MNG5LCLEU41.DTL (1442 words)

	fine-structure constant concept from the Astronomy knowledge base
		The fine-structure constant is a combination of other fundamental constants of nature - the electrical charge of the electron, the speed of light, and Planck's constant of quantum mechanics.
		abstraction > mathematical concept > number > constant > fundamental physical constant > atomic constant > fine-structure constant
		/ h bar c, approximately equal to 1/137 (where e is the electron charge, h bar is Plancks constant, and c is the speed of light), that measures the strength of the interaction between a charged particle and the electromagnetic field.
	www.csi.uottawa.ca:4321 /astronomy/fine-structureconstant.html (162 words)

	Re: value of the Fine Structure Constant
		This means that the fine structure constant (alpha) has changed by the amount -2.86x10^-6 (with the overal error making the value something in the range -9.49x10^-6 and +3.77x10^-6).
		From the paper, they give the value of (-2.2+/-5.1)x10^(-16) per year as the mean rate of change of the fine structure constant divided by the fine structure constant.
		The results from the paper are not conclusive enough to state which way the constant went.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/mar2000/954384228.Ph.r.html (347 words)

	About "Fine Structure Constant, alpha"
		Solution to a 20th century mystery: Feynman's conjecture of a relation between alpha, the fine structure constant, and pi.
		The Math Forum is a research and educational enterprise of the Drexel School of Education.
	mathforum.org /library/view/60260.html (44 words)

	Chris Churchill's Fine Structure Constant Page
		If there is no evolution in the fine structure constant, alpha, then everything described above holds true.
		The QSO absorption line fine structure experiment is, in prinicple, very simple.
		What are we Measuring?: Line Shifts and Fine Structure Evolution
	ganymede.nmsu.edu /cwc/Research/alpha/fsc (1724 words)

	fine structure constant - a Whatis.com definition
		The fine structure constant measures the strength of the
		The fine structure constant can be derived from other constants as follows:
		Because the constant is nearly equal to 1/137, and because it is a dimensionless
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci866284,00.html (196 words)

	Re: Fine Structure Constant
		Hi Moderator JB, > [Moderator's note: the fine structure constant is e^2/hbar c; > it doesn't really have anything special to do with the electron, > despite the fact that people like to call e the charge of the > electron.
		BTW, NIST shows the fine structure constant as e^2/4pie0hbarc.
		- jb] If the fine structure constant is not confined to the electron, then do you know of an instance where the fine structure constant is used in conjunction with the proton or neutron?
	www.lns.cornell.edu /spr/2002-08/msg0043503.html (125 words)

	Fine Structure Constant, alpha
		The question of how to calculate the numerical value of the fine structure constant from theory was one of the most outstandingly difficult problems in mathematical physics for the greater part of the 20th century.
		Another application is the use of the accurate formula for the fine structure constant to produce a method for finite renormalization.
		There were many unsuccessful attempts by researchers including famous ones such as P. Dirac to find a formula for the fine structure constant.
	www.btinternet.com /~ugah174 (2700 words)

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