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Topic: Finland Proper region

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Tavastia Proper

Taivassalo

Alastaro

Western Finland

Kannonkoski

Finland Proper

Central Finland

Rusko

Laitila

Municipalities of Western Finland

Regions of Finland

	Finland - LoveToKnow 1911
		Finland, however, did not enter Russia as a conquered province, but, thanks to the bravery of her people after they had been abandoned by an incompetent monarch and treacherous generals, and not less to the wisdom and generosity of the emperor Alexander I.
		Finland was on the whole prosperous and progressive, and his statue in the great square in front of the cathedral and the senate house in Helsingfors testifies to the regard in which his memory is cherished by his Finnish subjects.
		Finland is wonderfully rich in periodicals of all kinds, the publications of the Finnish Societies of Literature and of Sciences and other learned bodies being specially valuable.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Finland (5543 words)

	Finland - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Finland’s interior is heavily forested, and its surface is a tangle of lakes, rivers, swamps, and bogs.
		Finland has an army, a navy, and an air force, but the armed forces are restricted by the Paris peace treaty of 1947 to maximum personnel of 41,900; in 2004 about 28,300 people were in the armed services.
		Finland ceded the Petsamo area in the north and was forced to lease its Porkkala Peninsula in the Gulf of Finland to the USSR.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761578960__1/Finland.html (6828 words)

	Finland information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		It is situated in northern Europe, bounded by the Baltic Sea with the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west.
		Finland joined the European Union in 1995, where she is an advocate of federalism contrary to the other Nordic countries that are predominantly supportive of confederalism.
		Municipalities co-operate in 74 sub-regions and 20 regions.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Finland (4509 words)

	Finland Proper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Finland Proper (Finnish: Varsinais-Suomi, Swedish: Egentliga Finland), is a region in south-western Finland.
		It borders the regions of Satakunta, Tavastia Proper and Uusimaa.
		The region uses the coat of arms of the historical province of Finland Proper.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finland_Proper_(region) (112 words)

	History of Finland Summary
		Finland was part of the Swedish Empire from about 1200 to 1809, when Russia conquered the country from Sweden and a personal union between the two countries was established.
		The coastal regions of Finland were a part of the Nordic Bronze Culture, whereas in the inland regions the influences came from the bronze-using cultures of Northern Russia.
		Thus Finland was under an obligation to ensure the residents of the Åland Islands a right to maintain the Swedish language, as well as their own culture and local traditions.
	www.bookrags.com /History_of_Finland (6927 words)

	Finland Proper (historical province) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Finland Proper, (Finnish: Varsinais-Suomi, Swedish: Egentliga Finland, Latin: Ducatus Finlandiae Meridionalis), is a historical province in south western Finland, centred on the historic city of Turku (sv: Åbo) and the Turku Castle.
		Finland Proper is not to be confused with Mainland Finland.
		Finland Proper is comprised within the boundaries of the administrative province of Western Finland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finland_Proper_(historical_province) (227 words)

	Helsinki / Helsingfors, Finland
		Helsinki (Swedish Helsingfors) is capital of Finland and chief town of the province of Uusimaa (Nyland).
		Most of Helsinki proper lies on a much indented granite peninsula on the north coast of the Gulf of Finland, with numerous offshore islands and rocky islets.
		The construction of a fortress on the offshore island of Suomenlinna was begun in 1748.
	www.planetware.com /finland/helsinki-helsingfors-sf-udn-hels.htm (736 words)

	Simo Häyhä
		The Salpa Line in Southern Finland is a massive area of bunkers and defense systems the Finns erected in preparation for a Soviet invasion after the Winter War.
		This invasion was slated to be the end of Finland but in reality was just the opening of the Winter War, a war in which against all odds Finland remained free.
		Finland is a young nation but this youthful nation has produced two icons worthy of worldwide respect.
	www.mosinnagant.net /finland/simohayha.asp (3881 words)

	finland
		Finland participates in international co-operation for the protection of peace and human rights and for the development of society.
		Each Ministry, within its proper purview, is responsible for the preparation of matters to be considered by the Government and for the appropriate functioning of administration.
		Finland is divided into municipalities, whose administration shall be based on the self-government of their residents.
	www.dredf.org /international/finland.html (12042 words)

	Turku - FUTEF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Turku (, Swedish:), founded in the 13th century, is the oldest and fifth largest city in Finland, with a population of 174,868 (as of 2005).
		It is published in the region's capital, Turku, and is read daily by about 280 000 people, or 70% of the inhabitants, in the city and its surrounding municipalities, m...
		The Turku Central railway station is a railway station in the VII District of Turku, Finland.
	futef.com /q/cats:[Turku] (530 words)

	Scandinavia
		Finland and the Åland Islands were lost to Russia between 1743-1809.
		The Finnish region was settled in the 8th century.
		Karelia was ceded to Russia in 1721 and the rest of Finland given to Russia in 1809 after Sweden lost the War of Third Coalition in 1809 and was in personal union with Russia as a Grand Duchy.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/xn.html (325 words)

	Finland: History, Geography, Government, and Culture — Infoplease.com
		Finland - Finland, Finnish Suomi, officially Republic of Finland, republic (2005 est.
		Finland aspires to European Union small country leadership.
		Oy Finland!: Finland leads the world in mid-term growth potential thanks to canny investment in R&D. Richard Butler explores Biotech's......
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0107513.html (917 words)

	Chapter 1
		The powers of the State in Finland are vested in the people, who are represented by the Parliament.
		For the purpose of supervising the operations of the Bank of Finland, the Parliament elects its governors.
		The foreign policy of Finland is directed by the President of the Republic in co-operation with the Government.
	www.cmseducation.org /wconsts/finland.html (11927 words)

	Finland: History, Geography, Government, and Culture — FactMonster.com
		Except for a small highland region in the extreme northwest, the country is a lowland less than 600 ft (180 m) above sea level.
		Finland continued to pursue a foreign policy of nonalignment throughout the cold-war era.
		Finland became a member of the European Union in Jan. 1995.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0107513.html (819 words)

	[No title]
		Finland shares a common border in the north with Norway, in the east a long border (1,269 km) with Russia, on the south it is bordered by the Gulf of Finland, and on the west by the Gulf of Bothnia and Sweden.
		Most of Finland is made of ancient granite bedrock, which has been shaped and fractured by numerous ice ages, the marks of which can be seen e.g in the complex lake system, the equally complex archipelagos and the huge boulders scattered all over the country.
		SW Finland appears to have been allied with central Sweden already in the Viking age, so it has been hypothesized that the campaign was a punitive expedition against an ally that had become unreliable, perhaps because of the influence of Greek Orthodox missionaries.
	archive.cs.uu.nl /pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/nordic-faq/part4_FINLAND (17101 words)

	THE M91/24 CIVIL GUARD RIFLE AND CARBINE
		Some reports out of Finland while doing research for the article and in personal notes over the years indicate that approximately 600 rifles were taken into the Civil Guards workshops and shortened to provide a short carbine length weapon for troops who would require it such as communication or mounted troops and crew served weapons.
		The KLP marking has not been positively identified until recently when a Finnish friend, Mala, who is deeply involved in the study of the Civil Guard and its weapons procurement, has uncovered important documents that shed light on this marking finally, in the archives of the Civil Guard organization.
		This research indicates that that this particular district, the Kymeenlaakso district- which was later split into a north and south region, was quoting Mala’s reply “ this district's armoury was the most active of all local sites and did all kinds of major armament contract jobs for the SkY.
	www.mosinnagant.net /finland/M24-Rifle.asp (4703 words)

	The White City of the North
		The Gulf of Finland – which runs off from the Baltic in an easterly direction – is usually considered a body of water in its own right by mariners.
		At the far western extremity lies St. Petersburg, Russia; on the southern side is Tallinn, Estonia; and to the north is Helsinki – the capital of Finland and the legendary ‘White City of the North’.
		Helsinki and Finland in general, has also risen to prominence in recent years as the home of Nokia, the world’s leading cell phone manufacturer.
	www.faremax.com /cruises/europe/finland/helsinki.aspx (744 words)

	Fortbildningscentralen vid Åbo Akademi
		There are 300,000 Swedish-speakers living in the regions of Österbotten (on the western coast), Nyland (on the southern coast), and in the archipelago areas of Åboland and Åland on the south-west.
		Swedish is also important in Finland as a language used in contacts between Finns and their Scandinavian neighbors.
		The way Finland has solved the question of the Swedish-speaking minority is often set as an example for dealing with minority rights internationally.
	www.abo.fi /fc/aland/2005/swedish-in-finland.htm (256 words)

	Finland, France, and Europe
		The drinking age in Finland is 21 and in the USSR it was only 16, to try and keep the Russians off drugs I was told.
		Miles Seeley sends this sobering report: "When I was in Finland (many years ago) the government recognized the alcohol problem and there were severe penalties, for example, for driving drunk- in fact, you were sentenced to a road gang and made little rocks out of big ones.
		Lapland is the region from the Norwegian coast to the White Sea inhabited by the Lapps, and even today they follow the migratory reindeer herds regardless political borders.
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/Europe/europe_finlandfrance.htm (1531 words)

	Finnish Environmental History
		In terms of the wilderness, Finland is a European superpower.
		In the 1950s, Finnish historians, geographers, anthropologists and social scientists who turned their interest again to the historical interactions between humanity and the environment were influenced by three sets of foreign models, and consequently a new, formative phase in Finnish environmental history embarked.
		The research group “An Environmental History of Eastern Finland” started its pilot study in August 1973, and in May 1974 the Academy of Finland provided funding for its proper project.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /~environ/historiography/finland.htm (6156 words)

	Ethnologue report for language code:swe
		Eastern Swedish is in Finland, Estonia, and Gammalsvenskby, Ukraine.
		Dialect investigation is needed of diverse varieties Gutniska, Överkalixmål, Nörpes, Pitemål, provinces around the Bothnic Sea (Västerbotten and Norbotten in Sweden, and Oesterbotten in Finland), and the island of Gotland.
		Coasts of the provinces of Central Österbotten (Ostrobothnia), Vasa (Vaasa), Southwest Finland, Nyland (Uusimaa) (Helsingfors), Åland Islands, Kymenlaakso.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=swe (300 words)

	North-West of Russia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Pauli Kruhse from Helsinki (Finland) provides collection of documents and pictures pertinent to the history of Vyborg (Viipuri), a city in St.Petersburg region.
		This city is located near the border with Finland, on the north side of Finnish Bay, approximately 150km from Petersburg.
		JPG image (86kb): towards the city harbour, the red building is the old Rathaus from the 17th century, later the city museum (1896).
	www.cs.toronto.edu /~mes/russia/sev-zap/regions/vyborg.html (310 words)

	Finnish Volunteers in the German Wehrmacht in WWII
		The story of Finnish volunteers in the service of the Third Reich began with a series of behind the scenes diplomatic negotiations between Germany and Finland at the post-March 1940 negotiated end of her "Winter War" with the Soviet Union.
		Upon the roof of the house an observation post with trench binoculars was set up and this provided a good view deep into enemy territory." It was in these positions, still fighting against sniper and raiding parties, that all waited until the eventual German Summer offensive was launched in late June, 1942.
		The objective of this offensive was the conquest of Stalingrad, and on July 13th, the southern wing of Army Group South was directed to attack towards the region of the Caucasus Mountains, with the 1st Panzer Army in the vanguard of the attack.
	www.feldgrau.com /finland.html (2851 words)

	Finland - Amnesty International
		The length of alternative civilian service remained punitive and discriminatory: all conscientious objectors were required to perform 395 days of alternative civilian service, 215 days longer than the majority of military recruits.
		Before being deported, they were held in a custody unit for aliens in Helsinki where sedative drugs were administered without proper examination by a doctor and without proper records being kept.
		In November the UN Human Rights Committee (HRC), after considering Finland’s periodic report, noted with concern that Roma still faced discrimination in housing, education, employment and access to public places.
	web.amnesty.org /report2005/fin-summary-eng (477 words)

	speechIndigenous.html
		Work is well under way, but there are still some outstanding matters to be considered, including the questions of ensuring proper administration and adequate resources and funding.
		Indigenous peoples are the original inhabitants of the region in which they live and are in some regions the majority population.
		The rights of indigenous peoples are based on their special relationship with the land and natural resources of the area in which they live.
	www.un.int /finland/speechIndigenous.html (874 words)

	Finland topography and bathymetry - Maps and Graphics at UNEP/GRID-Arendal
		Finland is located in Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia, comprising 338,145 sq km.
		Here are some suggestions for the the proper citation, in a number of styles that can just be copied and pasted into any documents.
		For reference to any printed material, please see the details of the collection or collections this graphic is published in, which may be published in paper format.
	maps.grida.no /go/graphic/finland_topography_and_bathymetry (334 words)

	Ethnologue report for language code:krl
		A primer was recently produced in Tver Karelian.
		There are two villages in Oulu Province, close to the Russian border (Northern Karelian), and others scattered around Finland (Southern Karelian).
		Northern Karelian is traditionally spoken in Oulu, though decreasingly.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=krl (133 words)

	History guide for Finland by Hostelbookers
		Groups from Karelia and the more northern territory of Kainuu regularly ventured into Lapland to fish and hunt.
		At the end of the pagan era Finland was split into three regions: Varsinais-Suomi ("Finland proper") in the southwest, Häme in the western part of the lake region, and Karelia in the east.
		Although they often helped one another, there was no formal cooperation between the inhabitants of these areas.
	www.hostelbookers.com /guides/finland/116658 (175 words)

	Accommodation in Kuusjoki and Cheap Travel to Kuusjoki, Varsinais-Suomi, Finland :-) Hospitality Club (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Hospitality Club is the world's largest hospitality exchange organization.
		We would be happy to have you onboard in the club - signing up just takes a couple of minutes!
		Last postings about Kuusjoki Varsinais-Suomi Finland from other users
	www.hospitalityclub.org /hc/hcworld.php?city=24527 (426 words)

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