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Topic: Finnish phonology

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Finnish grammar

Comitative case

Finnish verb conjugation

Finnish language

Spoken Finnish

Finnish language noun cases

Finnish language grammar

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	Finnish phonology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The grammar of Finnish and the way(s) in which Finnish is spoken are dealt with in separate articles.
		Finnish, like other Finno-Ugric languages as well as Turkish, has a pattern called vowel harmony that restricts the distribution of vowels in a word.
		Finnish sandhi is extremely frequent, appearing between many words and morphemes, in formal standard language and in everyday spoken language.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finnish_language_phonetics (2644 words)

	Finnish language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Finnish is a member of the Finno-Ugric language family and is classified as an agglutinative language.
		Finnish is one of two official languages of Finland (the other being Swedish, spoken by a 5% minority) and thus an official language of the European Union.
		The Ruija dialect (Ruijan murre) is spoken in Finnmark (Finnish Ruija), in Norway.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finnish_language (5665 words)

	Introduction to Two-level Phonology
		The basic insight of two-level phonology is due to the phonologist C. Douglas Johnson (1972,) who showed that the SPE theory of phonology could be implemented using finite state devices by replacing sequential rule application with simultaneous rule application.
		Rather, the comparison of two-level phonology to classical generative phonology is done mainly for expository purposes, recognizing that while classical generative phonology has been superseded by subsequent theoretical work, it constitutes a historically coherent view of phonology that continues to influence current theory and practice.
		Lexical Phonology and the rebirth of the phoneme.
	www.sil.org /pckimmo/two-level_phon.html (4462 words)

	Spoken Finnish - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article deals with features of the spoken Finnish language, specifically how it is spoken in Greater Helsinki capital region and the cities in the Central Finnish dialectal area, such as Jyväskylä, Lahti, Hyvinkää, and Hämeenlinna.
		The basics of Finnish needed to fully understand this article can be found in pages about Finnish phonology and Finnish grammar.
		Abbreviations are common in Finnish spoken in the Southern coast of Finland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spoken_Finnish (2553 words)

	PP2C Finnish institutions
		Finnish is one of the official languages in Finland (the other being Swedish), and it is spoken there by about 5 million people.
		Finnish is an agglutinative language and its structure is synthetic, which means that instead of using prepositions and articles, which are used by analytic languages, such as English, grammatical markers are added to the stem of a word, and the stem often changes.
		Finnish is taught at 10 universities in Finland, which offer courses for natives as well as foreigners, and in 89 universities all over the world.
	www.uta.fi /~so66318/PP2C.htm (1453 words)

	Department of Finnish language and literature at the University of Helsinki
		Department of Finnish language and literature at the University of Helsinki
		The Intermediate Module may comprise studies in Finnish organized by the Department of Finnish as well as studies in other fields.
		The proseminar paper of Finnish majors is accepted as a Bachelor’s thesis.
	www.helsinki.fi /hum/skl/english/skk/intermediate.htm (310 words)

	Helka Riionheimo: When sisters meet - Ingrian Finnish in Estonia (1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The overall picture of Ingrian Finnish is that of language shift in Thomason and Kaufman’s dichotomy (1988: 50): for many Ingrian Finns Estonian is now the dominant language (and as the shifting group is small and lives scattered all around Estonia, there is no Ingrian Finnish interference in Estonian).
		In the Ingrian Finnish data, a vowel-ending stem is often used in these cases (as seen in the examples 5b in section 4.2), but there are also occasions where the consonant-ending stem is used, in a similar way as both in standard Estonian (see examples 5c) and in colloquial Estonian (see 5d).
		In the Ingrian Finnish attrition data, however, the Estonian de pattern is seldom used despite its obvious transparency (see Kokko and Riionheimo 1999) and one probable reason for this is the lack of an inherent counterpart of the pattern.
	www.kolumbus.fi /raimo.riionheimo/helka/tartto00.htm (4529 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Finnish'>() is the language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland (92%) and by ethnic Finns outside Finland.
		The Finnish linguistic situation is to some extent comparable to that of much of the Arabic speaking world, where Classical Arabic is used in official and religious speech and in the literature, whereas colloquial forms of Arabic are used in everyday conversation and in personal letters.
		Finnish does not use the visually similar diaeresis notation, as used in French and English words such as coÃ¶rdinate or naÃ¯ve.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/F/Finnish-language.htm (5527 words)

	Computing Papers on Phonology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Research seeking to explain how Phonology and morphology can be learned by children has characteristically sought a rich theory of UG, rich enough to make the learning process itself relatively straightforward (for example, the ranking of a set of constraints given a priori; Tesar and Smolensky 2001).
		Phonology Phonology studies the SOUND SYSTEM of a language, in particular, the distribution of sounds in a language, and the interactions between those different sounds Aim to demonstrate the patterns of DISTINCTIVE sounds found in a language, and to make general statements about the nature of sound systems in the languages of the world.
		Phonetics and Phonology PHONETICS studies the physical aspect of speech Phonology is concerned with the linguistic patterning of sounds in human languages, i.e.
	computing.breinestorm.net /Phonology (2115 words)

	Backgrou
		Although there is some evidence to show that Finnish was in use during the late 21st century, when the European Union was still a dominant political entity, the latest "written" record known to survive in Finnish is an e-mail message dating from the beginning of the 21st century.
		Finnish was probably once spoken roughly in the territory of the present Federal Republic of Finland and in adjacent areas of Russia.
		Attempts to reconstruct the development from ancient Finnish origins are inevitably speculative, as the research into historical and Finno-Ugrian linguistics has been neglected for hundreds of years, due to the lack of interest which must have happened very soon after the social status of Finnish had dropped.
	www.uta.fi /~trhato/Backgrou.htm (1770 words)

	Finnish-English Bilingual Learning and Dyslexia
		Finnish research emphasizes the importance of learning to read and write the mother tongue first, before starting reading and writing in another language.
		Phonology and sounds have to be taught directly and the phonological awareness has to be practiced before starting reading and writing in foreign language.
		For instance, in a test a child whose English reading and spelling was influenced by Finnish phonology, read the word ‘cat’ as ‘cut’ pronouncing the vowel ‘a’ in the Finnish manner.
	kerttukarinen.blogspot.com (3582 words)

	Computing Papers on Finnish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Patterns of vowel harmony and disharmony in Finnish and Tuvan indicate that this is not the case.
		On a Finnish corpus of 57 dialogues the method is shown to work well for recognizing subjects of longer dialogue segments, whereas for individual utterances the subject recognition history should perhaps be taken into account.
		The pro-drop patterns of partial pro-drop languages like Finnish and Modern Hebrew show, however, that the possiblity of having a null pronoun is not a function of the th-role assigned to the pronouns.
	computing.breinestorm.net /Finnish (2813 words)

	SKY Journal of Linguistics, vol 15:2002
		The focus is also on the influence of the contact languages on the phonological structure of Finnish Romani, in particular the Finnish effect that manifests itself especially in the form of several articulatory reduction rules.
		The paper is mainly based on a 140,000-word corpus of Finnish Romani, collected by the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland, mostly during the years 2000 and 2001.
		Two translational corpora, namely the Translational English Corpus (TEC) and the Corpus of Translated Finnish (CTF), are studied as examples of corpora that have already been used in analyses in the field of Corpus-based Translation Studies.
	www.ling.helsinki.fi /sky/julkaisut/SKY2002_abstracts.shtml (1518 words)

	Contribution of the small Finnic languages...
		The aim of this paper is to shed light on the importance of the research and knowledge of the small Finnic languages, from the viewpoint of linguistic studies.
		After all, Modern Finnish is a partly artificial construction based on elements drawn from different dialects and also on implicit generalizations and archaizations (for example, word-final vowels which have often worn off in most dialects are always retained in the standard language; cf.
		The influence of the Standard Finnish bias becomes the more pernicious, the farther linguistic research proceeds from the traditional, largely Neogrammarian research, in the direction of contrastive, typological and other synchronic fields of study.
	homepage.univie.ac.at /Johanna.Laakso/paris.html (4935 words)

	Quenya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		As a native Finnish speaker he is very well prepared to speak Quenya, which is phonologically based on Finnish.
		NOTA: The KALEVALA, a poem compyled by Elias Lönnrot, finnish poet (born on 1802 - died on 1884).
		He was part of the first finnish men that studied in the University and there he adquired the knowledge adout the intellectual movement, which all over Europe was compilling the folkloric and mythic legends.
	www.wilwarinart.com.ar /Quenya3.htm (468 words)

	PapuaWEB: S3(PhD) Elenbaas 1999 - ringkasan (abstract)
		Essential to the analysis of mixed binary-ternary rhythm is an anti-lapse constraint, defined on the pure grid, which interacts with the standard array of OT constraints on syllable parsing, foot alignment, and quantity-sensitivity.
		In the analysis of the stress systems of Sentani and Finnish, several issues of broader relevance arise, such as the analysis of partial quantity sensitivity; reference to the pure grid versus the bracketed grid; free variation in output patterns; and the notion 'base' in output-output correspondence.
		Chapter 5 gives a brief description of relevant aspects of Finnish phonology and morphology, followed by a description and analysis of stress patterns, focussing on partial quantity sensitivity and variation.
	www.papuaweb.org /dlib/s123/elenbaas/_rk.html (446 words)

	A Note on Finnish Given Names in America
		A CURIOUS phenomena in modern languages is the mutation of immigrant given and surnames in the interests of the dominant American phonological pattern.
		The phonology of Finnish given names has been beyound the reach of the Anglo-Saxon vocal organs.
		In many cases the mechanics of the process was relatively simple: the addition or substitution of the consonants b, c, f, q, x, and z, which are not found in the Finnish alphabet; the dropping of a vowel or a consonant; the addition or dropping of an ending.
	www.genealogia.fi /emi/art/article165e.htm (717 words)

	Transwiki:Nokia - Yellowikis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nokia was established in 1865 as a wood-pulp mill by Fredrik Idestam on the banks of Nokia rapids.
		Template:IPA notice The proper pronunciation of "Nokia" according to Finnish phonology is Template:IPA, with stress on the first syllable, and all vowels in the name being short and unreduced — there are no schwas ("a" Template:IPA or "uh" Template:IPA).
		The Finnish government's investment in technology and education has left the country with a high ratio of computer programmers per head of population.
	www.yellowikis.org /wiki/index.php/Transwiki:Nokia (828 words)

	The Finnish language — Virtual Finland
		Finnish children learn Finnish as easily as their counterparts in other countries learn their mother tongue.
		In this article I discuss some features of Finnish which in my experience as a teacher of Finnish to foreigners for many years are perceived as difficult, but in reality are simply different, for example, from English.
		Secondly, I shall discuss certain points of grammar: phonology (the sound system and pronunciation), morphology (how Finnish words are put together), and syntax (what is special about Finnish sentences).
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/finnlang.html (220 words)

	Are High Elves Finno-Ugric?
		Finnish influence does indeed seem strong in the earliest forms of the language, at least in vocabulary, where many words are Finnish in style.
		Phonetics and phonology - the sounds of a language and the system they form - were important to Tolkien, who most of all wanted his languages to sound beautiful.
		Finnish verbs are inflected according to the subject of the sentence, and a pronoun can often be omitted, but I think there are other languages that are closer to Quenya in this respect.
	www.saunalahti.fi /~alboin/finn_que.htm (2838 words)

	[No title]
		It goes without saying that Finnish linguists who have published on themes that are treated in these journals are more likely to appear in Table 1 than those linguists who have not treated such themes.
		The overall impression of the data is that the classical fennistic traditions - especially diachronic phonology and morphology, dialectology - have remained strong.
		Fred Karlsson, 1983, Suomen kielen äänne- ja muotorakenne [Phonology and morphology of Finnish], 13
	www.ling.helsinki.fi /~fkarlsso/virviit2.html (5041 words)

	Helka Riionheimo: Rules and rote in language decay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the i pattern the suffix was originally added to a vowel stem and this fact is still reflected in Finnish in that, although the final vowel of the stem may have later disappeared and the suffix now follows a consonant, the original consonant stem is not used in past tense forms.
		Note that their phonological shape is usually Finnish, and thus code-switching is not a probable reason for the use of the si pattern.
		In section 4.2 the properties of the i and the si patterns of Ingrian Finnish are sketched and the role of rule- and rote-processing is considered.
	www.kolumbus.fi /raimo.riionheimo/helka/turkuscand96.htm (3074 words)

	Paul Kiparsky's Home Page
		Absolutely a Matter of Degree: The Semantics of Structural Case in Finnish.
		Linda Uyechi: The Geometry of Visual Phonology (1993).
		Daniel Kahn: Syllable-Based Generalizations in English Phonology (1976).
	www.stanford.edu /~kiparsky (769 words)

	LINGUIST List 10.359: Phonology
		Considerations from Sentani and Finnish A unified account of binary and ternary stress, written in the context of metrical theory, aims for a restrictive theory of stress systems in natural languages.
		The analysis of Sentani shows that the anti-lapse constraint, which plays an important role in the analysis of ternary stress systems, and which requires the avoidance of long sequences of unstressed syllables, must be interpreted as a rhythmic constraint, rather than as a parsing constraint.
		The analysis of Finnish gives independent evidence for this anti-lapse constraint, where it plays a crucial role in creating binary stress patterns.
	www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de /linguist/issues/10/10-359.html (366 words)

	Scott Myers' homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		To appear (with Ben Hansen): The origin of vowel length neutralization in final position: Evidence from Finnish speakers.
		To appear (with Ben Hansen): The origin of vowel length neutralization in vocoid sequences: Evidence from Finnish speakers.
		The phonetics and phonology of tone retraction in Shona
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~smyers/pubs.html (209 words)

	Phonology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		They are similar to the voiceless stops in Finnish and the northeastern dialects of Estonian.
		The dental spirant "s" is the same as its Estonian counterpart, but it is different from Finnish and Ingrian "s", which is formed further back in the mouth.
		The voiced trill "r" is like that in Finnish and Estonian.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/3259/phonology.html (434 words)

	Anttila (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In this talk, I note that Optimality Theory predicts two kinds of quantitative patterns: those that are independent of rankings and could not be otherwise, and those that depend on rankings and are predicted to vary from one case to the next.
		I illustrate this distinction from the metrical phonology of Finnish.
		In Finnish, metrical pressures yield a range of segmental effects, including lenition, fortition, and phonotactic gaps.
	www.cog.jhu.edu /Colloquia/Anttila.htm (171 words)

	Share and Discover Nokia Bio, Pictures, News at BlinkBits. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nokia was established in 1865 as a wood-pulp mill by Finland-Swede Knut Fredrik Idestam on the banks of Nokia rapids.
		The proper pronunciation of "Nokia" according to Finnish phonology is, with stress on the first syllable, and all vowels in the name being short and unreduced andmdash; there are no schwas ("a" or "uh").
		For a synthesized example, try French at http://www.naturalvoices.att.com/demos/ or a synthesized Finnish [http://www.mikropuhe.com/mikropuhe.asp#] (then click on www.mikropuhe.com/demo.asp, which will give you a pop-up).
	www.blinkbits.com /blinks/nokia (1325 words)

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