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Topic: Fire damp

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	Fire Safety
		Fire safety is the number 1 priority of fire dancing.
		Don't twirl in areas that are a fire danger, for example with overhanging trees, dry grass or loose foliage.
		Never fire twirl alone, especially if you are new to fire dancing -- a second person can watch over your safety while you are using fire and help in case of any accident.
	www.fire-dancing.com /fire-safety.php (731 words)

	VI Plants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This type of fire kills or consumes plant structures in litter and in the top part of the duff layer, such as stolons and shallow rhizomes, and may kill buds on portions of upright stems that are beneath the surface, and buds on the upper part of root crowns.
		Fires which occur where there are deep accumulations of litter beneath shrubs and isolated trees, or significant amounts of dead lower branches that burn off and smolder beneath a shrub crown, are more likely to lethally heat roots and reproductive structures than a fire that occurs where there is sparse litter and few dead branches.
		Whether rhizomatous grasses are stimulated or killed by fire depends on rhizome location with respect to the surface, whether rhizomes are located in mineral soil or in organic layers, the moisture content of the litter, organic, and soil layers, and the amount and duration of heat generated by the surface fire.
	fire.r9.fws.gov /ifcc/monitor/EFGuide/plants.htm (15043 words)

	Information on Fire damp
		Fire annihilator, a machine, device, or preparation to be kept at hand for extinguishing fire by smothering it with some incombustible vapor or gas, as carbonic acid.
		Fire insurance, the act or system of insuring against fire; also, a contract by which an insurance company undertakes, in consideration of the payment of a premium or small percentage -- usually made periodically -- to indemnify an owner of property from loss by fire during a specified period.
		Fire ordeal, an ancient mode of trial, in which the test was the ability of the accused to handle or tread upon red-hot irons.
	www.wkonline.com /d/Fire_damp.html (1207 words)

	PFD: HOME FIRES
		Fires are likely to start in many places in the home including the kitchen, living room, bedroom and storage areas such as, the attic, basement, workroom or storeroom.
		Causes of fire include overheated or overloaded electrical wire, cigarette ashes, smoldering ashes in the couch, sparks from the fireplace, unattended outdoor fires and barbecues, appliances in poor repair and unattended cooking in the kitchen.
		Fire and heat cause the wood that is composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon molecules, to decompose thereby releasing energy in the form of more heat and flame.
	www.ci.phoenix.az.us /FIRE/homefire.html (1465 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		An airtight stopping to isolate an underground fire and to prevent the inflow of fresh air and the outflow of foul air.
		The application of fire on targets, or on subdivisions of a target, in order of their importance.
		A pole with a hooked metal head that is used in fire fighting to tear down walls or ceilings.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/F/F10/DictF10.html (2639 words)

	Dying for Gold
		The practice of burning fires deep within the shafts to melt the permafrost became more dangerous the deeper underground the miners dug, as the fire often sucked out all the oxygen within the shafts, leaving miners gasping for one more breath.
		Choke damp was produced by decomposition of organic matter and, especially, by the combustion of wood and charcoal.
		Fire damp is highly flammable, and miners often did not know they were just a pick swing away from death or injury.
	www.uaf.edu /journal/extreme/findinggoldstream/dying/index.html (1340 words)

	fire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Anciently, fire, air, earth, and water were regarded as the four elements of which all things are composed.
		The discharge of firearms; firing; as, the troops were exposed to a heavy fire.
		To feed or serve the fire of; as, to fire a boiler.
	www.gearheads-inc.com /fire.html (975 words)

	LI DONG-YUAN'S THEORY OF YIN FIRE & DIFFICULT TO TREAT, KNOTTY DISEASES - Blue Poppy Press
		Although this damp heat may be engendered in the middle burner, dampness, being turbid and heavy, typically percolates downward to the lower burner.
		Another way of preventing upward stirring of ministerial fire is to keep the clear qi's upbearing and the turbid qi's downbearing freely flowing, and this immediately implies maintaining the liver's coursing and discharging of the qi.
		In particular, yin fire theory is extremely useful when dealing with allergies of all types, autoimmune disorders of all types, various types of chronic viral conditions, various types of parasites, intestinal dysbiosis, leaky gut syndrome, and candidiasis.
	www.bluepoppy.com /press/download/articles/yinfire.cfm (3115 words)

	Prescribed Fire
		A prescribed fire that does not accomplish ifs intended objective(s) is a loss of both time and money, and it may be necessary to reburn as soon as sufficient fuel accumulates.
		Prescribed fire has been successfully used under very exacting fuel and weather conditions to control cone insects such as the white pine cone beetle (Conophthorus coniperda) while the pest is overwintering in cones on the ground.
		Using fire to manage landscapes and enhance scenic values requires judiciously planned and executed bums, especially where exposure to the public is great.
	www.pfmt.org /standman/prescrib.htm (3209 words)

	Damp. Who is Damp? What is Damp? Where is Damp? Definition of Damp. Meaning of Damp.
		a damp consisting chiefly of light carbureted hydrogen; -- so called from its tendence to explode when mixed with atmospheric air and brought into contact with flame.
		To put out, as fire; to depress or deject; to deaden; to cloud; to check or restrain, as action or vigor; to make dull; to weaken; to discourage.
		Usury dulls and damps all industries, improvements, and new inventions, wherein money would be stirring if it were not for this slug.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Damp (217 words)

	Urban Legends Reference Pages: Carbon Dioxide Deaths
		Countless miners laboring underground have forfeited their lives to "choke damp," the term for the oxidizing of carbon trapped within coal.
		Accounts given by people who witnessed choke damp in action described deaths that came so quickly the victims had no chance to escape.
		Miners not only walked into deadly accumulations of choke damp; they were also sometimes lowered into them by being let down into mine shafts on ropes.
	www.snopes.com /horrors/freakish/smother.asp (768 words)

	ON DAMP HEAT & HARDENING THE KIDNEYS - Blue Poppy Press
		Dampness due to spleen vacuity may pour downward to the lower burner, transforming into damp heat.
		In my opinion, this aspect of damp heat is not well understood in the West, in part because discussions of this issue have yet to appear in the English language literature.
		Thus damp heat is discharged and transformed, yin essence is subdued and astringed, the ancestral sinews are hardened and strengthened, and the feet are able to walk.
	www.bluepoppy.com /press/download/articles/dampheat.cfm (1979 words)

	YORKSHIRE MAIN COLLIERY - coal mining
		Evidence clearly showed that the explosion was caused by fire damp and that the fire damp was ignited by fire from spontaneous combustion in the low east area.
		There were 26 men erecting stoppings, 1 on 53's and 1 on 37's, the fire damp in the area had been recorded as being between 2 and 6% in the days leading upto the explosion.
		In the early afternoon on the 27th July there appears to have been an considerable increase in the percentage of fire damp in the area and this appears to have got worse upto the time of the explosion.
	www.freewebs.com /yorkshiremain/maltbymaindisaster.htm (939 words)

	Definition of Damp from dictionary.net
		Choke damp, a damp consisting principally of carbonic acid gas; -- so called from its extinguishing flame and animal life.
		Damp sheet, a curtain in a mine gallery to direct air currents and prevent accumulation of gas.
		Fire damp, a damp consisting chiefly of light carbureted hydrogen; -- so called from its tendence to explode when mixed with atmospheric air and brought into contact with flame.
	www.dictionary.net /damp (256 words)

	Fire - TheSite.org
		If you think the fire has taken hold in a closed room, don't open the door unless you are letting someone out, otherwise the flames could spread.
		Close the door nearest the fire and block cracks with bedding or clothes to stop fire and smoke spreading into the room.
		Cover the pan with a large saucepan lid, a damp towel or fire blanket.
	www.thesite.org /homelawandmoney/home/yourplace/fire (633 words)

	How to Be a Fire Safety
		Your towel should be damp, but not wet or dripping — if there’s too much water on it, the heat of the fire can vaporize some of the water and give you or the performer steam burns (which are even nastier than normal burns).
		The fire extinguisher should have two lever- or handle-like protrusions at the top: the bottom one is fixed in place, and allows you to support the weight of the extinguisher on your fingers; the top one can be pressed or squeezed down to fire it.
		Even if the fire is a fuel spill on someone’s leg — maybe a screw-up when trying to do the Ring of Fire or Highway to Hell, with over-soaked wicks leaving a flaming puddle on the performer’s thigh — the only thing you could really use would be the Type B extinguisher.
	www.mythic-fire.com /being-a-fire-safety.php (5024 words)

	Fire Prevention Quiz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		On a day with high temperatures fire may start with little heat, but much more heat is needed to produce fire on a cold day.
		Other big fires include the fire of 1887 that nearly destroyed the town of Marshfield, the Comstock fire in May, 1891 that burned 64,000 acres in Barron County, and the Phillips fire of 1894 that burned more than 100,000 acres in Price County.
		Now with an extensive fire fighting network in place, and thanks to public recognition of the seriousness of the problem, regulations governing open burning, effective detection and 50 years of fire prevention work, forest fires burn only about 6,000 acres/year in Wisconsin.
	www.dnr.state.wi.us /ORG/land/forestry/fire/firequiz.htm (552 words)

	Scoutcraft - Fire Starters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		They catch fire easily even if it has rained or snowed for a week, and they should be removed anyway to give some room and light to the smaller plants in the same area.
		It might be interesting to note that making a fire with damp wood is one of the first things a cub scout learns over here (quite naturally: it rains fairly often, and we make a fire at every meeting).
		We demonstrate survival fire building by placing a few small green twigs of this tree in a bucket of water overnite (weighted so they are IN the water).
	www.usscouts.org /scoutcraft/firestarters.html (1307 words)

	Cooking Info-Building A Fire
		After the basic fire has been built and is burning well, the fire may be adjusted according to the receipt that will be prepared.
		For a roaring fire needed for rapid cooking for reflector ovens, and to produce coals for use with Dutch ovens, use quarter-split dry wood.
		When the fire is built, leave air spaces between the wood and kindling, especially when the wood is damp and will only ignite with difficulty.
	www.nps.gov /fosc/cooking_info2.htm (694 words)

	1903 Mining Accident Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The atmosphere of the mine was so contaminated with fire damp and other suffocating gases, that the men were unable to stay long enough to make a complete investigation.
		It is the theory that the men were knocked to the earth and rendered unconscious by the shock and that fire damp which came in the wake of the explosion completed the work of death.
		The fire damp was so manifest that if the safety lantern was raised to the ordinary height of a man's head it would go out.
	www.iltrails.org /menard/mine1903.html (2257 words)

	Fire Eating and Fire Breathing FAQ
		Fire Eating and particularly Fire-Breathing is possibly the most dangerous and potentially injurious art to be found in circus, theatre and street performing.
		You are dealing with FIRE and there is a risk of igniting yourself or the place where you are performing.
		It may be useful to have a large towel or small blanket within reach so that a fire may be smothered or wrapped in it.
	www.juggling.org /help/circus-arts/fire-eat/fire-eat.html (1408 words)

	Fire-by-Friction with Damp Materials
		In "The Miracle of Fire by Friction" (Bulletin of Primitive Technology, No. 5, Spring, 1993), I stated that very fine charred wood particles would start to glow if they were heated up to 700 degrees, whereas coarser particles have to be heated to 800 degrees.
		When full power is applied to a damp spindle and hearthboard then the material is worn away before its temperature is high enough to cause ignition.
		I applied very light effort with the bow-drill to the damp spindle and hearthboard until a very tiny wisp of smoke started to appear and then I stopped for a few seconds before resuming the operation.
	www.primitiveways.com /fire_damp_materials.html (988 words)

	BBC NEWS \| England \| West Yorkshire \| Huge moorland blaze tackled
		Fire crews have been damping down at the scene of a fire that has devastated a huge area of moorland in West Yorkshire.
		An area of two square miles of moorland was destroyed by fire in Marsden, West Yorkshire, on Sunday 13 April.
		Halifax Fire Station spokesman Craig Mallinson said they had brought the fire under control, but were still hoping for a change in the weather.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/england/west_yorkshire/2960747.stm (196 words)

	BBC NEWS \| UK \| England \| Derbyshire \| Gas explosion clean up under way
		No-one was injured during the fire or the explosions, which were triggered when a batch of cylinders fell off a lorry as they were being unloaded with a fork lift truck.
		Nick O'Kay, fire officer in charge, said: "I heard a big explosion and in the time it took me to get my fire kit on I heard at least another two explosions which were the acetylene cylinders exploding into the air.
		A fire crew was expected to remain at the scene for up to 24 hours to damp down.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/uk_news/england/derbyshire/4447303.stm (302 words)

	Foundations Insulating System Design Considerations
		Foamular insulation can be used with incompatible waterproofing / damp proofing as long as the material cures for approximately 48 hrs before installing insulation.
		See the Underwriters Laboratories Fire Resistance Directly for hourly fire resistance rated roof assemblies; or, the Underwriters Laboratories Roofing Materials and Systems Directly for Class A, B, or C rated roof covering system.
		Rigid foam insulation installed in waterproofing / damp proofing systems must be separated from the building interior in accordance with building code requirements.
	www.owenscorning.com /comminsul/des_cons_found.asp (1406 words)

	Wellington Pit Disaster - Cumbria's Worst Mining Accident (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		He stated it would be impossible for anyone to be alive on the other side of the fire and ordered every man to proceed to the surface.
		They reluctantly came to the decision that no one would make it past the fire and all beyond must be long since dead.
		Many of the Officials and miners that had been involved in the rescue attempts were sent to London to receive the King Edward Medal for their efforts in the face of great danger.
	www.haig1.freeserve.co.uk /page46.html (1649 words)

	USATODAY.com - Damp weather eases West's summer fire danger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the Great Basin region, most of Nevada now is expected to have a normal fire season, while the critical danger in the Northern Rockies is expected primarily in the higher elevations of the Idaho Panhandle, western Montana and the Salmon and Challis areas of eastern and central Idaho.
		Forecasters say their original projections were based on the dry winter experienced in many parts of the Northwest and Rockies, a trend reversed in the Southwest, where winter precipitation set records.
		The wet spring has eased much of the fire threat, and long-range forecasting models call for cooler and wetter-than-normal weather through June in the entire Northwest quadrant of the country, as well as northern California and western Montana.
	www.usatoday.com /weather/climate/2005-06-09-Western-wildfires_x.htm (559 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		From: macman@bernina.ethz.ch (Danny Schwendener) Subject: Fire Starters Last-modified: 23 July 1995 Summary: This is a compendium of messages I found about starting fires with damp wood.
		This is a compendium of messages I found about starting fires with damp wood.
		From: fsbgf@acad3.alaska.edu (Brandon France) Subject: Re: Fire starting with damp wood Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 19:48:18 GMT I've found that the best way to start a fire with wet or damp wood is to be prepared and carry a road flare with you.
	www.logicsouth.com /~lcoble/dir9/firenow.txt (1532 words)

	DAMP - Definition
		Even now, while thus I stand blest in thy presence, A secret damp of grief comes o'er my soul.
		{Choke damp}, a damp consisting principally of carbonic acid gas; -- so called from its extinguishing flame and animal life.
		To render damp; to moisten; to make humid, or moderately wet; to dampen; as, to damp cloth.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/dAMP (323 words)

	ZONGULDAK : Faces of Black - Page 2
		When coal is mined, each blow releases a colorless, odorless, non-poisonous gas - known as fire damp - which, when mixed with air in appropriate amounts, can ignite with slightest friction.
		The danger is so pernicious that work stops if fire damp is detected at one percent, and at 1.5 percent the area is evacuated.
		Kemal explains that flooding rather than fire damp poses the greatest problem in mining, and drainage systems have to be constructed.
	www.singlix.com /zonguldak/zfab2.html (747 words)

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