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Topic: Fireblight

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	Fireblight - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fireblight is a contagious disease affecting apples, pears, and some other members of the family Rosaceae.
		Fireblight is not believed to be present in Australia and Japan.
		The term "fireblight" describes the appearance of the disease, which can make affected areas appear flened, shrunken and cracked, as though scorched by fire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fireblight (541 words)

	Fireblight
		Fireblight affects a wide range of rosaceous plants including apple, flowering crab, pear, firethorn, hawthorn, cotoneaster, quince and mountain ash.
		Symptoms of fireblight are most noticeable in the spring on blossoms and succulent new growth.
		Fireblight is most severe on trees and shrubs which have an abundance of succulent shoot growth.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu /dp_hfrr/extensn/problems/fireblt.htm (467 words)

	Royal Horticultural Society - Gardening Advice: Fireblight
		Stone fruits (plums, peaches and cherries) are not affected by fireblight.
		Fireblight is a bacterial disease, infecting the plant through injuries or natural entry points such as flowers.
		However, in Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man, the disease is not established and the appropriate authorities must be notified.
	www.rhs.org.uk /advice/profiles0700/fireblight.asp (281 words)

	Diseases of Apples and Other Pome Fruits
		Fireblight is one of the most destructive diseases of apples, pears, mountain ash and cotoneaster.
		Resistant varieties are not immune to fireblight and can be infected in severe fireblight years; however, the level of infection in resistant varieties will be less than in susceptible varieties, which may be destroyed in a severe season.
		Fireblight cankers serve as avenues for entry of canker-causing or wood-decay fungi.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extpubs/plantsci/hortcrop/pp454w.htm (5087 words)

	Organic Pear Production (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Fireblight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is one of the most serious and economically damaging diseases of pears.
		Fireblight development is greatly favored by the presence of young, succulent tissues.
		When a plant breeder or plant pathologist refers to a pear cultivar as "fireblight resistant," he or she is speaking in relative terms.
	www.attra.org /attra-pub/pear.html (4534 words)

	HO-122 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Because of the economic importance of fireblight, and the lack of satisfactory methods of control of the disease, the cultivar descriptions that follow are grouped according to susceptibility.
		This stock is susceptible to fireblight but is compatible with most cultivars and produces a vigorous tree under a wide range of soil and moisture conditions.
		To obtain a measure of fireblight resistance, the body stock concept in which a resistant stock such as 'Old Home' or 'Hardy' is grafted to the susceptible rootstock, grown for two or three years, then worked with the scion variety, has been used.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/HO/HO-122.html (3380 words)

	The 2000 Fireblight Epidemic in Southwest Michigan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Fireblight is caused by a bacterium harmless to humans.
		This fireblight epidemic in Southwest Michigan affects primarily Berrien and Van Buren counties, the two largest fruit growing counties in the region.
		The 2000 fireblight season was stunning in the conditions during bloom were perfect for the rapid buildup of very high bacteria populations.
	www.canr.msu.edu /vanburen/fb2000.htm (3569 words)

	Fireblight
		Traditionally we’re referred to fireblight as a destructive disease of rose family species such as apple, pear, mountain ash and saskatoon.
		At that time it was understood in the literature that the strain or ecotype of the fireblight bacterium that attached raspberry and related plants such as flberry was not infectious to apple, pear, mountain ash, saskatoon and other rose family species.
		The build-up of fireblight ooze on the apple trees on the shoots and spurs, particularly on susceptible cultivars provide a high inoculum (disease) potential for bees to spread these bacteria to the susceptible Boyne raspberry flowers, Honey Queen and other raspberry cultivars are immune to this apple source of fireblight
	www.dnagardens.com /fireblight.htm (702 words)

	[No title]
		Fireblight is a destructive, highly infectious and widespread disease caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora.
		Fireblight can be a problem in Georgia and is particularly prevalent in some counties.
		Fireblight can be spread from diseased to healthy plants by rain, wind, and pruning tools.
	pubs.caes.uga.edu /caespubs/pubcd/C871.htm (534 words)

	1997 Champ Fungicide Trial for Fireblight on Apple (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Because of the growers concern for a repeat fireblight epidemic, only a small section of the block was left unsprayed to serve as Treatment 3, the Untreated control.
		Fireblight could not be isolated from the samples.
		More research in a fireblight infection susceptible season would be beneficial to document the efficacy of CHAMP in controlling fireblight and other fungal diseases.
	www.virtualorchard.com /rce/research/97champfungicide.html (626 words)

	Fireblight
		Fireblight is a bacterial disease affecting apples, pears, and some other members of Rosacea.
		Control is chiefly by pruning out affected areas, though streptomycin sprays are effective in those areas where the endemic bacteria is not yet resistant to them.
		Overpruning and overfertilization (especially with nitrogen) can lead to waterspouts and other midsummer growth that leave the tree more susceptible.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fi/Fireblight.html (88 words)

	Fire Blight of Apples, Crabapples and Pears, HYG-3002-94
		Shoots remain highly susceptible to infection until vegetative growth ceases and the terminal bud is formed.
		Fireblight is one of the most difficult diseases of apple to control, and there is no one procedure that will give complete control.
		Fireblight is not as severe a disease problem on most crabapple varieties.
	ohioline.osu.edu /hyg-fact/3000/3002.html (988 words)

	Pictures of Fireblight in Apples in Southwest Michigan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		This picture was taken in early June of 2000, 2 weeks after a hail storm and onset of wide spread fireblight symptoms in the region.
		A dead branch is visible in the right center of the photo and the canker formed by fireblight is visible on the trunk at the base of the branch.
		Often the initial fireblight symptom seen after bloom, spur blight is caused by the bacteria entering the flowers during bloom when rain washes the bacteria down into the base of the flower were it can enter through the nectar pores into the plant itself.
	www.canr.msu.edu /vanburen/fb2000p.htm (1204 words)

	Ornamental Plants, Special Circular 152-96, Aesthetic Evaluation of Crabapples at Secrest Arboretum in Wooster, ...
		Fireblight severe in 1995 with hundreds of spur strikes following blossom infection.
		Slight scab in 1995, slight fireblight in 1994.
		Negatives include extended periods of unattractive green fruits before yellowing in mid fall, and extensive fireblight strikes on replicate that flowered heavily in 1995.
	ohioline.osu.edu /sc152/sc152_4.html (3410 words)

	Fireblight, plant host survey - Slovakia — AgNIC Partnership (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In 2001, a survey [for fireblight caused by] _Erwinia amylovora_ [Ea] (EPPO A2 quarantine pest) was carried out in Slovakia.
		Visual inspections and laboratory tests were done on host plants of fireblight (_Malus_, _Pyrus_, _Cydonia_, _Mespilus_, _Sorbus_, Crataegus_, _Pyracantha_, _Chaenomeles_, _Cotoneaster_, _Amelanchier_) grown in...
		However, disease occurrence can be erratic and freedom from fireblight in one year does not guarantee freedom in the next year.
	www.agnic.org /pmp/2002/fph072702.html (467 words)

	Managing Fireblight in Southwest Michigan Apple Orchards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		I have posted Pictures of Fireblight Symptoms, which traces the development of the fire blight disease from the beginning of the season through fall.
		Continuous pruning of the same infected trees year after year is not sustainable, since the trees would probably become unproductive due to the infection and pruning, and only serve as a source of inoculum for the rest of the orchard.
		Pruning out strikes during years when fireblight is not a major problem allows growers to reduce the small amounts of bacteria that will be present in their orchards in the years that the bloom conditions are right for the spread of the disease.
	web1.msue.msu.edu /vanburen/fbmich.htm (1998 words)

	fruit tree varieties
		Moderately resistant to fireblight; susceptible to scab during wet conditions.
		Tree are hardy, moderately vigorous; average susceptibility to apple scab and moderate resistance to fireblight in greenhouse tests.
		Tree is hardy and fairly resistant to fireblight.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /county/cass/horticulture/fruit/fruittreevar.htm (1925 words)

	HortNews - Aussies More Likely To Quit Cricket Than Catch NZ Fireblight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Fireblight is a bacterial disease which has long been used by Australians as an excuse for a non-tariff trade-barrier against New Zealand apples.
		Australian growers have fought back with suggestions that allowing in NZ pipfruit would be tantamount to "treason" and have suggested a large fruit-canning company might help fund a court battle against the planned imports.
		Some Australian commentators were using misinformation on fireblight as the main argument to challenge the import of New Zealand apples.
	www.hortnet.co.nz /news/2004/n4717.htm (578 words)

	Fire blight
		Fireblight is a bacterial disease that affects apple, crabapple, mountain ash and pear trees.
		Springtime weather that is warm and rainy encourages fireblight.
		Chemical control of fireblight is an option, but it's not always effective.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /ptlk/1411.html (274 words)

	Get Growing Gardening Tips 65- Fairy Rings and Fireblight
		In some years year Fireblight can be particularly bad.
		Fireblight is caused by a bacterium called Erwinia amylovora.
		If the diseased branches are not cut out, fireblight will spread rapidly down to the main branches and finally the trunk of the tree.
	www.devonian.ualberta.ca /getgro65.html (449 words)

	Symposium on Fireblight
		DIFFERENCES IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FIREBLIGHT, ERWINIA AMYLOVORA (BURR.) WINSLOW ET AL., IN NON APOMICTICAL SPECIES, VARIETIES AND OECOTYPES OF COTONEASTER.
		THE UTILITY OF THE FIREBLIGHT TOXIN, AMYLOVORIN, FOR THE DETECTION OF RESISTANCE OF APPLE, PEAR, AND QUINCE TO ERWINIA AMYLOVORA
		RELATIVE MERITS OF INDEXING NURSERY STOCK FOR THE PURPOSE OF THE FIREBLIGHT PATHOGEN
	www.actahort.org /books/86 (192 words)

	pears
		A Pyrus ussuriensis/P.communis ussuriensis cross, John is very hardy and fireblight resistant, but only fair quality eating.
		Should be picked about 1 week before ripe and then allowed to ripen.
		Like other P.ussuriensis crosses, it is very cold hardy and immune to fireblight, but lacks the eating quality of European pears.
	www.sln.potsdam.ny.us /pears.html (660 words)

	Flowering Crabapples for Maine
		Tips of infected twigs often curl backward, forming a "shepherd's crook." Slightly sunken areas called cankers often develop on branches.
		Fireblight advances quickly and often kills trees in drier climates, but it can often be controlled in Maine through selection of resistant plants, and early pruning of affected shoots.
		Rust are fungi that require two host plants to complete their life cycle.
	www.umext.maine.edu /onlinepubs/htmpubs/2058.htm (2315 words)

	II Symposium on Fireblight
		WEATHER ANALYSIS AND FIREBLIGHT IN THE NETHERLANDS FROM 1971–1978
		THE VALUE OF TOPLEAF INOCULATION TO DEMONSTRATE GENETIC RESISTANCE IN POMOIDEAE SPECIES TO ERWINIA AMYLOVORA (BURR.) WINSLOW ET AL.
		FIVE YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN FIREBLIGHT CONTROL IN LOWER RHINE AREA
	www.actahort.org /books/117/index.htm (276 words)

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