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Topic: First Australian Imperial Force

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	Australian Army
		The first conflicts in which large numbers of Australian-born soldiers fought overseas were the Maori Wars, between 1863-72, although almost all of these — about 2,500 men — served in New Zealand colonial units, or the British Army.
		The first Australian division to see action on the Western Front was the 5th Division which was thrown unprepared into the futile Battle of Fromelles, a "diversion" that cost the division 5,500 casualties for no gain.
		Australian units were also responsible for the last phase of amphibious assaults during the Pacific War: the attacks on Japanese-occupied Borneo, including Tarakan, Brunei, British Borneo, Balikpapan and other targets in Sarawak.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/a/au/australian_army.html (2672 words)

	The Militia (AMF or CMF); what it was and how it operated.
		Australian Imperial Force (A.I.F.) was a volunteer force (initially of four infantry divisions, and later an armoured division) whose troops enlisted for overseas duty.
		Similarly, the first brigade of the division raised was the 16th Australian Infantry Brigade.
		The 6th Australian Infantry Division was reflective in miniature of the population of Australia in its recruitment.
	au.geocities.com /thefortysecondinww2/level1/line5/the_militia.htm (2694 words)

	First Australian Imperial Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The First Australian Imperial Force (1st AIF) was the military expeditionary force formed on August 15 1914 in response to Britain declaring war on Germany at the start of World War I.
		The 1st AIF was a purely volunteer force for the duration of the war.
		The exceptions were an Australian Flying Corps squadron and a casualty clearing station, which participated in the occupation of the Rhineland.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/first_australian_imperial_force (988 words)

	First Australian Imperial Force -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Originally the Australian government pledged to supply 20,000 men organised as one infantry ((botany) taxonomic unit of plants corresponding to a phylum) division and one (Click link for more info and facts about light horse) light horse (Army unit smaller than a division) brigade plus supporting units.
		The Australian infantry did not have (Army unit smaller than a division) regiments in the British sense, only battalions identified by (The number designating place in an ordered sequence) ordinal number (1st to 60th).
		Likewise the Australian Mounted Division was originally named the Imperial Mounted Division because it contained the British 5th Mounted ((A British volunteer cavalry force organized in 1761 for home defense later incorporated into the Territorial Army) Yeomanry) Brigade.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/F/Fi/First_Australian_Imperial_Force.htm (1390 words)

	LESLIE MORSHEAD FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Morshead was born in Ballarat, Victoria and became a schoolteacher, first at The Armidale School and later Melbourne_Grammar_School.
		The 9th Division was pitched into the thick of the action almost immediately, steadying the retreat of Commonwealth forces from the newly-arrived German ''Afrika_Korps'', under Erwin_Rommel, and occupying the vital port of Tobruk in Libya.
		The Axis troops learned to fear the aggressive patrolling of the Australian infantry who dominated no-man's-land and made constant raids on enemy forward positions for intelligence, to take prisoners, to disrupt attack preparations and minelaying operations, even to steal supplies that were not available in Tobruk.
	velocipay.com /Leslie_Morshead (885 words)

	[Australian War Memorial]
		As the attachment discussing “digger dialects” suggests, it generated many slang terms in the first Australian Imperial Force and has become a part of the Australian language.
		It refers to the representation of Australians in war, the way in which they think, speak and write of their war experience (which is not always the same thing as how they experienced it).
		ANZAC came to signify the qualities which Australians have seen their forces exhibit in war.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/anzac/spirit.htm (442 words)

	Second Australian Imperial Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Second Australian Imperial Force (2nd AIF) was the name given to the volunteer units of the Australian Army in World War II.
		The 2nd AIF was formed, from 1939 onwards, to fight overseas: most army units were Militia (reserve) units and under Australian law at the time, Militia troops could serve only in Australia, or its overseas territories.
		Australian prisoners of war, like other Allied prisoners of the Japanese, were often held in extremely inhumane conditions, such as Changi prison, or in Japan itself.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/second_australian_imperial_force (757 words)

	Australian Citizens Military Force -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Following the (Click link for more info and facts about federation of Australia) federation of Australia in 1901, the six (A resident of a colony) colonial (Civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army) militias were merged to form a national reserve army.
		Later in the war, the law was changed to allow: (1) the transfer of Militia units to the 2nd AIF, if 65% or more of their personnel had volunteered for overseas service and; (2) Militia units to serve anywhere south of the Equator in South East Asia.
		Consequently they also saw action against Japanese forces in the (A republic in southeastern Asia on an archipelago including more than 13,000 islands; achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1945; the principal oil producer in the Far East and Pacific regions) Dutch East Indies.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Au/Australian_Citizens_Military_Force.htm (399 words)

	Second Australian Imperial Force Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Major General Thomas Blamey was officially the first commander of the 2nd AIF, although in reality divisions rarely fought together at the operational level, and individual brigades or battalions were deployed in different theatres.
		The 6th and 7th Divisions, with elements of the 1st Armoured, formed a large part of the Allied forces which destroyed the major Japanese beachhead in New Guinea, at the Battle of Buna-Gona.
		Although he had initially depended on the Australian Army for all of his ground forces, MacArthur deployed them in secondary assignments during 1943-45, where they often fought what many considered to be pointless battles.
	www.karr.net /search/encyclopedia/Second_Australian_Imperial_Force (968 words)

	Australia Post Stamps -- Victoria Cross
		The stamps feature images of Sir Neville Howse, the first Australian to be awarded the Victoria Cross (VC), the three living Australian VC recipients, Sir Roden Cutler, Edward Kenna and Keith Payne and the VC medal.
		Australians have received VCs for their actions in locations across the world, from the jungles of Borneo to the forests of North Russia.
		In 1941 Cutler’s regiment, the 2/5th Australian Field Regiment, was positioned outside Merdjayoun on the banks of the Litani River in Lebanon.
	www.auspost.com.au /philatelic/stamps/index.asp?link_id=2.212 (1758 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Special: ANZAC Memories
		The Australian Imperial Force, the AIF, was raised for service overseas in the war against Germany.
		Soldiers came from the full range of social, religious and economic backgrounds represented in the wider Australian population, but the original intention that half the force be drawn from men with militia training and half without does not appear to have been realised even in the early contingents.
		Although they avoided the cataclysm of the first day on the Somme, 1 July 1916, the Australian divisions were very soon drawn in to the four month long campaign.
	www.worldwar1.com /sfanzac.htm (1115 words)

	Herb Ash's Diary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The first one we dug fell in before it was finished, then our luck changed.
		Issued with syrup for the first time, and when the bread is spread, it makes a good hold tight for them.
		Marked absent on afternoon parade, it being the first time since leaving Australia and expecting to be crimed for it.
	www.ainsleehooper.com /herb.htm (5547 words)

	Railway Supply Detachment formerly The Railway Transport Corps
		The Railway Transport Corps, which forms part of the First Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force, is, at the time of writing, camped in the building at Marrickville known as “The Warren”.
		It has plenty of electric trams (first and second class), motor cars, and other twentieth century fixings, but in other respects is anything but modern, and the lower classes still wear the garb of antiquity (in both respects).
		British troops, including Imperials, Territorials, Hindus, Egyptians, and a few Australians and New Zealanders were strongly entrenched right along the whole length of the Canal, and we had plenty to amuse us in exchanging greetings and messages by signals.
	www.rawsonplace.esmartdesign.com /rsd/corps-1.html (6877 words)

	Personal Service Records (First World War) [Australian War Memorial]
		Members of the 2nd Australian Division in the trenches in France – 1914–1918.
		The First World War Nominal Roll provides basic information required to obtain the service record, together with a connection to the National Archives records service.
		Australians outside their shelter in the ruins of a Somme village, using a steel helmet to scrape off the winter mud from their clothes.
	www.awm.gov.au /encyclopedia/ww1service.htm (261 words)

	1918 - The Australian Imperial Force in 1918
		In 1916, Australian troops - then consisting of four divisions - were moved to the fighting fronts of France and Belgium.
		Though many undoubtedly shared his view, there were still many fresh Australian recruits eager to enter into battle, with a feeling that their efforts could win the war.
		Australian ships saw extensive service and did significant work protecting ports and coastlines, keeping the trade routes open, enabling the passage of troops, and directly engaging the Imperial German Navy.
	www.awm.gov.au /1918/aif/index.htm (1023 words)

	Australian War Memorial, London - Battle Names and Place Names
		The Australian War Memorial in London, officially opened on 11 November 2003, features a long, curving wall of West Australian green granite, reflecting the sweep of the Australian landscape.
		Inscribed on the wall are the names of many of the battle sites where Australian and British military personnel fought, superimposed upon the names of thousands of home towns of Australian men and women who served during the two world wars, many of whom were never to return home.
		The name 'Pozieres' for example, is evocative of not only the small Somme village in France where the First Australian Imperial Force fought during the Battle of the Somme, but also the overwhelming number of casualties suffered there: 26,000 in only six weeks, 8,000 of them killed in action.
	www.dva.gov.au /commem/oawg/memorials/london/index.htm (571 words)

	WWI diggers' remains found - theage.com.au
		Australian WWI veterans receive the French legion of honour in 1998.
		She said 50 Australian World War One casualties were buried at Hazebrouck Communal Cemetery, although the final resting place of the four newly-found soldiers had not been finalised.
		It was the first discovery of missing Australian soldiers from World War One since the remains of Private Russell George Bosisto of the 27th Battalion were discovered near Pozieres in 1998.
	www.theage.com.au /articles/2003/04/19/1050172792443.html (258 words)

	Simpson Essay - Kirlew
		But it was the first World War that kindled the spirit and let the whole world know that while Australians may appear laid back and were renowned for our sense of humour we were as tough as nails when it came to armed conflict and we could defend ourselves and/or our mates.
		When war broke out in 1914 he joined the Australian Army under the name Jack Simpson and was part of the first Australian Imperial Force (A.I.F.) landing at Gallipoli.
		Grace Wilson, to me, is a true Australian hero who never stopped trying despite the pain and sadness, she wrote about in her diary, from seeing so many ANZAC soldiers die.
	www.pa.ash.org.au /afssse/simpson/prize2002/essays/kirlew2002.htm (927 words)

	Australian Imperial Force Badge - Fovant Badges Society
		Major General Sir Edward Hutton, the newly appointed first Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Forces used this trophy as his inspiration when he requested a General Service Badge to be worn by the Australian soldiers in South Africa.
		So it was that in 1902 the first rising sun badges were worn with pride by the troopers of 1st Battalion Australian Commonwealth Horse, which was raised after Federation.
		An integral part of the digger tradition, its distinctive shape, worn on the upturned brim of a slouch hat is readily identified with the spirit of ANZAC.
	www.fovantbadges.com /bad_au.htm (205 words)

	Australian Imperial Force
		The Australian Cavalry were transferred to Palestine and served under General Sir Edmund Allenby.
		The Australian Flying Corps (AFC) was founded in 1914 and contributed pilots and aircraft to the Mesopotamian Front, Palestine and the Western Front.
		The men leapt into the water, and the first of them had just reached the beach when fire was opened on them from the trenches on the foothills which rise immediately from the beach.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWaustralia.htm (3809 words)

	DVA Publications - Memories & Memorabilia
		Listed on the walls of the Australian National War Memorial at Villers-Bretonneux in France are the names of over 11,000 soldiers of the First Australian Imperial Force.
		The remains of the Unknown Australian Soldier, which rest today in the Hall of Memory at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, came from a grave in Adelaide Cemetery, Villers-Bretonneux.
		All of Annie's six sons had enlisted and, at the time of her death, the Maffra Repatriation Committee was well aware of the suffering which war had brought to this local family.
	www.dva.gov.au /media/publicat/memories/page_07.htm (472 words)

	The Ultimate Australian Imperial Force - American History Information Guide and Reference
		The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) was the name given to two all-volunteer Australian Army forces dispatched to fight overseas during World War I and World War II.
		During World War I, the Australian Flying Corps, the precursor of the Royal Australian Air Force, was part of the 1st AIF.
		The modern Australian Army was established in 1947 and its soldiers may be, and are, deployed anywhere in the world.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/AIF (151 words)

	Australian Imperial Force :: Action-Figure :: Toy, Collectibles and Action Figure News and Reviews from across the Globe
		Sixty years later, this member of the Australian Imperial Force is the newest 1:6 scale action figure in the Elite Force WWII collection from bbi.
		The Australian Imperial Force troops left the Suez region and returned to defend their homeland against the Japanese Forces.
		This would be Japan's second and last attempt as they were no match for the Australians who had become highly skilled in jungle warfare during previous campaigns.
	www.action-figure.com /Article7863.html (350 words)

	Schuler's war - National - www.theage.com.au
		Accompanying HMS Minotaur, flagship of the British China station, the Australian cruisers Melbourne and Sydney, and two New Zealand warships was the Japanese battle cruiser Ibuki.
		Charles Bean, the brave, meticulous diarist who also came ashore with the first troops on April 25, stayed throughout the doomed campaign, even after being wounded, went on devote his life to writing the epic official history of the war which remains the standard against which all other accounts are judged.
		After sailing with the first contingent, and covering the preparations in Egypt, he made his way to the Greek islands, surveyed the Turkish coast aboard a private boat hired with some British colleagues (before the adventurers were banished by the Royal Navy) and lobbied unsuccessfully for permission to go ashore on April 25.
	www.theage.com.au /news/National/Schulers-war/2005/04/22/1114152317978.html (2299 words)

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