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	Defenestrations of Prague - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first occurred in 1419 and the second in 1618 (the term 'Defenestration of Prague' is most commonly used to refer to the second incident).
		The First Defenestration of Prague involved the killing of seven members of the hostile city council by a crowd of radical Czech Hussites on July 30, 1419.
		A defenestration (chronologically the second defenestration of Prague) happened on September 24, 1483, when a violent overthrow of the municipial governments of the Old and New Towns ended with throwing the Old-Town portreeve and the bodies of seven killed aldermen out of the windows of the respective townhalls.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Defenestration_of_Prague (577 words)

	Prague
		Popular uprisings in 1419, led by the Prague priest Jan Zelivský, included the throwing of city councillors from the windows of the New Town Hall in the incident known as the first Defenestration of Prague.
		The second Defenestration of Prague (1618), when the governors of Bohemia were thrown from the windows of the council room in Hradcany - one of the major events precipitating the Thirty Years' War - was followed by the decisive defeat of Protestant forces at the Battle of the White Mountain, near the city, in 1620.
		Twenty-seven Prague commoners and Czech noblemen were executed on the Staromestské Square in 1621; the city ceased to be the capital of the empire, was occupied by Saxons (1631) and Swedes (1648), and went into a decline hastened by two outbreaks of plague.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /tours/gothic/history/prague.html (725 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Prague @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Prague's attempt to follow a moderate course in the wars was frustrated (1424) by an army led by John Žižka.
		In the War of the Austrian Succession, Prague was occupied by the French (1742) and the Prussians (1744); and in the Seven Years War it was (1757) the scene of a major victory of Frederick II of Prussia.
		In 1968 the "Prague Spring," a brief period of liberal reforms attempted by the government of Alexander Dubček, was ended with the invasion of the Soviet military.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Prague&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (981 words)

	P_INF_History
		The second Defenestration of Prague (1618), when the governors of Bohemia were thrown from the windows of the council room in Hradcany--one of the major events precipitating the Thirty Years' War--was followed by the decisive defeat of Protestant forces at the Battle of the White Mountain, near the city, in 1620.
		The first suburb (Karlín) was established in 1817, and in the next 20 years many factories sprang up, often in association with the coal mines and ironworks at Kladno and Králuv Dvur, not far away.
		The so-called Prague Spring of 1968, a short-lived excursion into liberalized social and governmental controls attempted by the government of Alexander Dubcek, was terminated by Soviet military action in August of that year.
	www.polusnord.com /prague/EP_INF_History.htm (1331 words)

	Prague Czech Republic - In Your Pocket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The first king of Bohemia, as conferred by the holy Roman Empire, Vratislav II, is crowned.
		Prague's first defenestration, July 30, 1419, a Hussite mob throw the mayor and his councillors out of the town hall windows.
		The village of Lidice 9 km west of Prague is annihilated as is the village of Lezaky, 100km east of Prague.
	www.inyourpocket.com /cr/prague/en/category?cid=3006&cp=1 (2020 words)

	Information server city of Prague: History of the City of Prague
		It was the seat of Czech princes and kings from the tenth century A.D. In the mid-14th century, Prague was the centre of the Holy Roman Empire and Europe’s third largest city in terms of population.
		As part of the Hapsburg monarchy, Prague remained the capital of Czech lands, which became the strongest part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in terms of economy during the 19th century.
		Prague is the seat of the top-level legislative, administrative and political bodies of the country - the parliament, government, and president; and the most important social, cultural and educational institutions reside here.
	www.praha-mesto.cz /(aerldr3wcwcearbltglgqi45)/default.aspx?ido=6140&sh=-1264847877 (891 words)

	Defenestrations of Prague - TheBestLinks.com - Bohemia, Czechoslovakia, Communist, Holy Roman Empire, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		There were two incidents in the history of Bohemia, and one in the history of Czechoslovakia, known as the Defenestrations of Prague, the first in 1419 and the second in 1618 (though the second is generally considered The Defenestration of Prague).
		At Prague Castle on May 23, 1618, a number of them took two Imperial governors and a scribe and threw them out of the castle windows; they landed in some manure, and none of them were severely injured.
		A third "defenestration" occurred on March 10, 1948, when Czechoslovak Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk, the country's only remaining non-socialist minister, was found dead under the bathroom window of the Foreign Ministry building in Prague following the establishment of a clearly Communist-dominated government a month earlier.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Defenestrations_of_Prague-bp-printable-v-yes-ep-.html (292 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Defenestrations of Prague (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Two incidents in the history of Bohemia are known as the Defenestrations of Prague, the first in 1419 and the second in 1618 (though the second is generally considered The Defenestration of Prague).
		At Prague Castle on May 23, 1618, an assembly of Protestants tried two Imperial governors (Vilem Slavata and Jaroslav Martinic) for violating the Letter of Majesty, found them guilty and threw them, together with their scribe Fabricius, out of the high castle windows and into a large and conveniently-placed pile of manure.
		While it was unclear for a long time whether it was actually murdered, in early 2004 police concluded that he was indeed assassinated and had not committed suicide as the official report claimed.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Defenestrations_of_Prague (460 words)

	links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Prague bishopric was upgraded to an archbishopric and when the king was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor in 1355, Prague's status increased to the capital of the Holy Roman Empire.
		The rebellion started with the Second Defenestration of Prague in 1618 when several Matthias' governors were thrown out of a window of the Prague Castle (they landed on a pile of garbage and survived).
		Prague became the capital of the country and the Prague Castle became the seat of the first president of Czechoslovakia, Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk.
	www.sanmarcopalace.com /eng/links.htm (2247 words)

	Defenestration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This situation culminated in 1419 with the First Defenestration of Prague, in which Hussites threw 7 members of the Czech Town Council out of Prague's New Town Hall window--and to their deaths on the points of Hussite-wielded pikes below.
		They began their rebellion in grand Czech style, with the Second Defenestration of Prague in 1618.
		In this second defenestration, two vice-regents of the Austrian monarch and some governors of the Czech lands were thrown out of a tower window at Prague Castle.
	www3.telus.net /defenestrate/meaning.html (154 words)

	Liberal Studies Abroad: Czech History--An Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The First Czech Dynasties: The Přemyslids and Carolingians
		The first major Czech dynasty in Bohemia were the Přemyslids (starting in the ninth century AD), who, according to legend, originated with someone named Přemysl (meaning ploughman), who was chosen by Princess Libuše (a grand-daughter of Čech, the original leader of the wandering Slavs) to lead her people (see Humphreys 237).
		One consequence of the coup was the third defenestration of Prague, when Jan Masaryk, the son of the first president of the republic of 1918 and a prominent non-Communist member of the government (Foreign Minister), fell to his death from a window in a government building.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~johnstoi/praguepage/introlecture.htm (6120 words)

	THINK MAGAZINE • A Condensed History of Prague
		After the defeat in the major uprising of the Bohemian Estates at the Battle of the White Mountain (1620) Prague lost the rest of its political privileges, landed property and the leading members of the intelligentsia, who were forced to emigrate to avoid the harsh re-introduction of Catholicism.
		Prague became the core of industrialization of Bohemia and the centre of Bohemian national revival.
		In 1348, Prague's New Town (Nové mesto) was founded, the Charles University was established to become the first university in Central Europe, and the Karl‰tejn castle was founded to protect the imperial jewels and other treasures.
	www.think.cz /history_prague.html (3884 words)

	Web Resources On Defenestration Prague (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Defenestration of Prague The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) was touched off by an incident called "The Defenestration of Prague".
		This situation culminated in 1419 with the First Defenestration of Prague, in which Hussites threw 7 members of the Czech Town Council out of Prague's New Town Hall window-and to their deaths on the.
		Prague- The Chamber of Deputies again rejected a proposal to extend the restitution deadline until December 31, 2009, which was submitted by junior government Christian Democrat (KDU-CSL) deputy Jan Gruza in connection with the planned abolition of the Land Fund.
	prague.giftbuyer.info /pragueart/defenestration-prague.html (462 words)

	Defenestrations of Prague : Defenestration of Prague
		There were two incidents in the history of Bohemia, and one in the history of Czechoslovakia, known as the Defenestrations of Prague, the first in 1419 and the second in 1618.
		At Hradčany castle on May 23, 1618, a number of them took two Imperial governors and threw them out of the castle windows; neither of them was severely injured.
		In the days after the successful coup of the communists, known as the Victorious February[?], the only remaining non-communist minister, Jan Masaryk, was victim to a deadly "open window accident" in a bathroom of the foreign ministry in Prague.
	www.fastload.org /de/Defenestration_of_Prague.html (233 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
		Dabrowka, the daughter of Boleslaw I, married the Polish Duke Mieczyslaw, and the latter was baptized in 966.
		He authorized the prayer, the solemn benediction of graves, and the pilgrimages to Mariazell (the first of which, in 1792, was led by Migazzi himself), and the draping of "the poor statues of the Mother of God".
		This first conference of the Austrian bishops met, 29 April to 20 June, 1849, in the archiepiscopal palace.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02121b.htm (16978 words)

	FictionPress.Com Story : The Defenestrations of Prague (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This short paper will look at the three defenestrations of Prague, their likely biblical antecedent, and reflect on the result and importance of such an unusual habit of defenestration.
		The first example of defenestration occurs in 2 Kings 9:30-37, and is quoted here in full: “Now when Jehu had come to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it, and she put paint on her eyes and adorned her head, and looked through a window.
		The third defenstration of Prague occurred in 1948, when Communists assassinated Jan Masaryk, the Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia, and the son of the nation’s first president.
	www.fictionpress.com /read.php?storyid=1922166 (1215 words)

	Wikinfo \| Hussite Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A firm adherent of the Church of Rome, Sigismund was successful in obtaining aid from Pope Martin V issued a bull on 17 March 1420 which proclaimed a crusade “for the destruction of the Wycliffites, Hussites and all other heretics in Bohemia".
		The citizens of Prague laid siege to the Vysehrad, and towards the end of October (1420) the garrison was on the point of capitulating through famine.
		At Prague a demagogue, the priest John of Zelivo, for a time obtained almost unlimited authority over the lower classes of the townsmen; and at Tabor a communistic movement (that of the so-called Adamites) was sternly suppressed by Zizka.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Hussite_Wars (2392 words)

	Wenceslaus, Holy Roman emperor. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In the Great Schism, Wenceslaus, like his father, at first supported the Roman pope, Urban VI, but in 1398 he agreed with Charles VI of France that both rival popes should resign and a new pope be elected.
		In Bohemia, Wenceslaus was early embroiled with the nobles and higher clergy, especially with the archbishop of Prague.
		The reform took on a rebellious character, and after serious riots several town councilors appointed by the king were thrown from the windows of the town hall (the first Defenestration of Prague, July 30, 1419) and were killed.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/65/we/Wencesl.html (548 words)

	Potomac Ponderings
		Clinton, the first Democrat re-elected president since Franklin Roosevelt, and Dole, his Republican Party rival in the 1996 run for the White House, said during a joint appearance at The University of Kansas that the country needs civilized debate and honorable compromise.
		First, I guess I should start, in spite of the title of this blog, I do not at present live in the DC area.
		First, we must all agree that no matter what country you live in, no matter the form of government, you are never going to agree with everything your country does.
	potomacponderings.blogspot.com /2004_05_01_potomacponderings_archive.html (16343 words)

	ARNnet \| MORPH: Defenestrating the internet
		In 1419, or so the story goes, several city councilors in the medieval town of Prague were thrown from the windows of the Town Hall by their political opponents.
		The Second Defenestration of Prague in 1618 was not as successful as the first (this time it was the governors of Bohemia who flew out the window and, luckily for them, landed on a pile of medieval garbage), but it certainly helped "defenestration" find its way into the social and political language of the time.
		Indeed, almost a year after the First Defenestration of the Internet, not much thought is given to the question of what exactly it was that we so readily threw out and why.
	www.arnnet.com.au /index.php/id;1362976699;fp;4;fpid;491061200 (1064 words)

	Political Animal: Comment on Word of the Year
		By Kevin's erred definition of defenestration, it could be a result of all those who were immediately thrown into a state of depression after reading one of Ann Coulter's books, or being forced to listen to Sean Hannity for greater than five minutes.
		The defenestration of democracy was complete with the electoral victory of the incumbent via hurricane-force vitriol and his peloton of partisan blog lies, which hammered away at the opposition, like an American tank upon an insurgent fighting for sovereignty, thereby ensuring a plague of cicadas on all our houses for years, nay generations, to come.
		"Defenestration" is a "funny word" that people seem to like to chuckle over..."wow, you mean there's really a word for that?" I've seen it pop up in hipster talk/writing for about six years, and it always seems to get a response from people.
	www.washingtonmonthly.com /mt/mt-comments.cgi?entry_id=5233 (4139 words)

	The Voice of the Turtle
		The first defenestration of Prague occurred in 1419, when a group of Catholic town councillors were tossed out of the window of the town hall in Prague, and this served as the signal for the beginning of the Hussite wars.
		And the third defenestration (although it is not always called this) took place in 1948, when the liberal foreign minister Jan Masaryk (who was also the son of the founder of the Czechoslovak democracy, T. Masaryk) fell to his death out of the window of his ministry in the aftermath of the Communist takeover.
		In actual fact, it often happens that the more the first "perspective" is "immediate" and elementary, the more the second has to be "distant" (not in time, but as a dialectical relation), complex and ambitious.
	www.voiceoftheturtle.org /dictionary/dict_d1.php (2512 words)

	[No title]
		They surveyed the country from the mountain of Rip, north of present-day Prague and Cech is supposed to have said, "This is a country overflowing with milk, butter and honey, this is where we shall stay".
		The city of Prague is at the crossroad of all of the trade-routes in Bohemia and was first written of in 965 as a town of "stone and line".
		With Prague as his capital, he reigned for thirty years, reorganized the government, kept the peace, and made Prague one of Europe's handsomest cities.
	www.operapaedia.org /Opera.aspx?article=1141&id=4012 (2674 words)

	Period of the Husit´s wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A group fo Bohemian masters at Prague University became the leading proponents of this opinion, and they soon found a leader in Master Jan Hus, from 1402 a popular preacher in the Bethlem Caphel in the Prague Old Town.
		These ranged from the moderates (part of the Hussite nobility, the university intelligntsia) to the centrists (most Praguers and their supprters in Bohemia) to the radicals, of whom the most important were two unions; the East Bohemian and the Taborite.
		The first crusade came to nought outside Prague in the summer of 1420, since it was unable to take Vítkov Hill (today ikov), which was defended by the famous Hussite general, Jan ika of Trocnov (d.11th October 1424).
	www.mujweb.cz /zabava/historie/husitwars.html (1475 words)

	andrewrogers.net: Freedom Quote of the Week, July 27, 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Steamboat Willie" (often mis-identified as the first cartoon with sound and/or the first Mickey Mouse cartoon, although it's neither), July 29, 1928.
		the Virginia House of Burgesses, the first legislative assembly in English-speaking America, July 30, 1619.
		Queen Anne, and the accession of the first of the Hanoverians,
	www.andrewrogers.net /03_Quotes/03Jul27.htm (549 words)

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