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Topic: First English Civil War

	First English Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The First English Civil War (1642–1646) was the first of three wars, known as the English Civil War (or "Wars").
		"The English Civil War" (1642–51), is a generic name for the civil wars in England and the Scottish Civil War, which began with the raising of Charles I's standard at Nottingham on August 22, 1642, and ended at the Battle of Worcester fought on September 3, 1651.
		Thus, in the first episodes of the First Civil War, moral superiority tended to be on the side of the King.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_English_Civil_War (15857 words)

	English Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first (1642 – 1645) and the second (1648 – 1649) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649 – 1651) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament.
		The wars inextricably mingled with and formed part of a linked series of conflicts and civil wars between 1639 and 1651 in the kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland, which at that time shared a monarch but formed distinct countries with otherwise separate political structures.
		The wars led to the trial and execution of Charles I, the exile of his son Charles II, and the replacement of the English monarchy with the Commonwealth of England (1649 – 1653) and then with a Protectorate (1653 – 1659): the personal rule of Oliver Cromwell.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/English_Civil_War (6384 words)

	English civil war. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The disasters of the second Scottish war compelled a virtual surrender by the king to the opposition, and the Long Parliament was summoned (Nov., 1640).
		The first major engagement of the armies at Edgehill (Oct. 23, 1642) was a drawn battle.
		Although some of the changes brought about by the war were swept away (e.g., in the restoration of Anglicanism as the state church), the settlement of the contest between the king and Parliament was permanently assured in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.
	www.bartleby.com /65/en/EnglshCW.html (2321 words)

	Encyclopedia: English Civil War
		The English Civil War was as much the response to the effects of the Reformation as it was a response to the needs of the rising middle classes, the landed gentry.
		The war itself involved the king, Parliament, the aristocracy, the middle classes, the commoners, and the army.
		The existence of the gentry in the early 17th century was not enough to stimulate a civil war.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/English-Civil-War (594 words)

	English Civil War - Metaweb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Parliamentary supremacy arises primarily from the English Civil War in the seventeenth century when members of the Long Parliament organized a Parliamentary army to resist the army of King Charles I. Parliamentary forces defeated the forces of King, and the remaining members of Parliament declared themselves the legitimate government of England.
		Thereafter, the eldest son of Charles I, Charles II of England was invited to the throne, an event known as the Restoration.
		While the monarchy was subsequently restored, the civil wars effectively set Britain on course to become a parliamentary democracy and help it avoid the later European republican movements that followed the Jacobin revolution in 18th century France and the later success of Napoleon.
	www.metaweb.com /wiki/wiki.phtml?title=English_Civil_War (2582 words)

	English civil war on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		ENGLISH CIVIL WAR [English civil war] 1642-48, the conflict between King Charles I of England and a large body of his subjects, generally called the "parliamentarians," that culminated in the defeat and execution of the king and the establishment of a republican commonwealth.
		After the Civil Wars: English Politics and Government in the Reign of Charles II.
		THE ENGLISH CONTEXT OF THE BRITISH CIVIL WARS.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/EnglshCW_TheFirstCivilWar.asp (2718 words)

	First English Civil War, 1642-6
		The inevitable crisis was caused by Charles's attempts to impose the English liturgy in Scotland.
		Although the civil war split all levels of society, some generalisations about the support for each side can be made.
		This New Model Army was the first English army to wear a red uniform, and was by far the best organised army of the war.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/wars_ecw1.html (1209 words)

	Military History Online
		It is usually referred to as the first Battle of Mantinea, to distinguish it from a significant battle near the same place in 362.
		In late 1864, with the war looking bleak for the Confederacy on all fronts, the Army of Tennessee under the leadership of General John Bell Hood marched north on the last great Confederate offensive of the war.
		The First Crusade culminated with the capture of Jerusalem in 1099 and within decades new institutions military orders, were founded in the newly claimed Latin East.[1] These orders consisted of members who lived according to rules which resembled existing monastic regulations.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com (2169 words)

	English Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The English Civil War, as it is usually known, should really be seen as a British conflict, as there were few areas of the British Isles which were not in some way affected.
		The dress and equipment of both sides in the Civil War was very similar, and it was often difficult to distinguish friend from foe.
		Charles II was the first English monarch to maintain a standing army in peacetime.
	www.national-army-museum.ac.uk /pages/civilwar.html (1663 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - The English Civil War
		The English Civil War was not, as is often portrayed, a war between dashing Cavaliers and sombre Parliamentarians, these are just typecast roles and are as false as modern stereotypes.
		Although most historians date the start of the civil war at 22 August, 1642, when the Royal standard was raised at Nottingham, a complete study of the civil war cannot be done without looking at the causes of the English Civil War.
		The army of the Scottish Coventers crossed the border on 19 January, 1644, in aid of the English Parliament and proceeded to York, which was defended by Royalist forces under the command of Marquis of Newcastle.
	www.bbc.co.uk /h2g2/guide/A453142 (1783 words)

	English civil war
		English civil war: Bibliography - Bibliography The standard works on the period of the war are by S. Gardiner.
		English civil war: The Rise of the Opposition - The Rise of the Opposition Under James I James I was not long in gaining a personal unpopularity...
		English civil war: The Nature of the Struggle - The Nature of the Struggle The struggle has also been called the Puritan Revolution because the...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0817372.html (182 words)

	The first English Civil War (1642-46)
		The first engagement of the English Civil War happened at Edgehill in October 1642.
		The Marquis of Montrose was to defect to the Royalists and began the Scottish Civil War in August 1644.
		Gradually, under the forces of the English Parliamentarians and the Scottish Covenanters, the royalist towns fell to the allies.
	www.templum.freeserve.co.uk /history/civilwars/english_civil_war.htm (463 words)

	English Civil War
		War" of the mid-17th Century was part of a wider conflict that involved Scotland and Ireland as well as England and Wales.
		War · The Battle of Edgehill ·; The Battle of Marston Moor...
		War Society, is a pike and musket regiment dedicated to the accur...
	www.historyfizz.co.uk /k.php?qkw=English+Civil+War&type=s (434 words)

	The History Channel - The English Civil War
		The English Civil War was just one of an interlocking set of conflicts that encompassed the British isles in the mid-seventeenth century.
		The phrase 'Wars of the Three Kingdoms' acknowledges the centrality of the civil wars fought within the Stuart kingdoms as well as the interactions between them.
		However, the outbreak of the First English Civil War in 1642 reconfigured the military balance in Ireland.
	www.historystudystop.co.uk /php/displayarticle.php?article=15&topic=emb (1420 words)

	English Civil War Ghost Stories - Unexplained Mysteries Discussion Forums
		In the Middle Ages it served as a refectory for monks brewing their potent ale, probably in the area where the pubs cellars are currently situated.
		One of the decisive battles of the English Civil Wars was Marston Moor, near York.
		The ghost of 60-year-old Lady Blanche Arundell is said to still haunt the destroyed castle where she, and 25 servants, valiantly led a doomed Royalist resistance for nearly a month during the English Civil War.
	www.unexplained-mysteries.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=7274 (1521 words)

	BBC - History - World War One (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The first shots of World War One occurred near a small Belgian village in August 1914.
		A reassessment of the view that the human devastation of World War One was caused by incompetent leadership.
		Discover the effects of war on the people who fought, and on those who were left behind.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/wwone/index.shtml (402 words)

	Military Prints, Battle of Naseby
		The destruction caused by the English Civil Wars was widespread and devastating.
		This book is the first detailed study of this aspect of the Civil Wars and makes available the results of many years of study and research of original documents and manuscripts in record offices and local history libraries throughout the country.
		Destruction in the English Civil Wars will be welcomed not only by historians but also those with an interst in the effects of this particularly destructive period of English history upon the towns and countryside that surround us.
	www.war-art.com /naseby.htm (1062 words)

	Timelines - English Civil War
		However, both sides hoped that either war could be averted or that one decisive battle would put an end to the matter.
		For the first time since the Civil War had began Rupert's cavalry were beaten by a Parliamentarian cavalry charge.
		Charles fled the battlefield as soon as it was apparent that he had lost both the battle and the war.
	www.historyonthenet.com /Chronology/timelinecivilwar.htm (1540 words)

	English Civil War, Second (1648)
		Brief second flare-up of fighting after the First English Civil War.
		The 'Rump Parliament' that remained then went on to condemn Charles I, who was executed on 30 January 1649, after which England was dominated by the Army.
		The English Civil War, Richard Holmes & Peter Young, an early work by one of the countries best known military historians, this is a superb single volume history of the war, from it's causing to the last campaigns of the war and on to the end of the protectorate.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/wars_ecw2.html (275 words)

	The Open Door Web Site : History : The Second Civil War
		Charles I's surrender in 1646 marked the end of the First Civil War.
		They argued that all land belonged equally to the whole of the English people, and in saying this they opposed themselves to the rich land owners who kept their land for other purposes than agriculture.
		The Second Civil War consisted of a series of uprisings around the country.
	www.saburchill.com /history/chapters/chap4006f.html (1137 words)

	English Civil War - First Battles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It was an inconclusive battle, but it showed both that Parliament was not strong enough to defeat the king, and that Charles was unable to take London.
		But there was a peace party within Parliament that was willing to compromise with the king in order to bring the civil war to an end.
		Both sides were seizing the estates of their enemies to finance the war effort, creating even more political chaos.
	history.boisestate.edu /westciv/english/07.shtml (196 words)

	GMT GAMES: This Accursed Civil War
		This Accursed Civil War is a tactical battle game featuring five battles from the First English Civil War: 1642-1646.
		Edgehill was the first major battle of the war.
		A new hero arises here: Cromwell, a name synonymous with the English Civil War and the key player in the later two civil wars.
	www.gmtgames.com /tacw/main.html (569 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The English Civil War: At First Hand: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hunt tells the story of Charles I's personal rule, the revolt of Parliament and subsequent civil war and the protectorate of Cromwell with economical pace and accuracy and with plenty of helpful datelines along the way.
		First-hand accounts of the English Civil War by contemporaneous sources presented by the brightest new star historian, Tristram Hunt.
		Dr Hunt clearly explains the complicated poitical wrangling that preceded the war and this book would prove either a good starting place for someone new to the topic, or a clarification tool for those wanting to have a rough overview of everything they had encountered so far.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1842126644 (774 words)

	The Civil War, Portsmouth 1642.
		Portsmouth was regarded, by both sides, as an important town to control in the period leading up to the start of the Civil War.
		The loss of Portsmouth was a great blow for the King and his supporters at such an early stage in the Civil War.
		Goodwin, G N. The Civil War in Hampshire (1642-45) and the story of Basing House.
	www.portsdown.demon.co.uk /cwp.htm (1361 words)

	British Civil Wars, Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1638-60
		The "English Civil War" of the mid-17th Century was part of a wider conflict that involved Scotland and Ireland as well as England and Wales.
		Also called "The Wars of the Three Kingdoms" and the "English Revolution", the British Civil Wars and Commonwealth period laid the foundations of the modern British constitution.
		From the signing of the Scottish National Covenant of 1638 to the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, this site explores the turmoil of the Civil Wars and Interregnum, and the constitutional experiments of the Commonwealth and Protectorate period of the 1650s.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk (303 words)

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