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	Second Sudanese Civil War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The war is usually characterized as a fight between the southern, non-Arab populations against the northern, Arab-dominated government.
		Among the first acts of the new government was to suspend the 1983 constitution, rescind the decree declaring Sudan's intent to become an Islamic state, and disband Nimeiry's Sudan Socialist Union.
		During this period, the civil war intensified in lethality and the economy continued to deteriorate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Sudanese_Civil_War (2986 words)

	Second Sudanese Civil War: Just the facts... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The war is usually characterized as a fight between the southern, non-Arab populations against the northern, Arab (A member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa) -dominated government.
		In 1990-91 the Sudanese government supported Saddam Hussein (Iraqi leader who waged war against Iran; his invasion of Kuwait led to the Gulf War (born in 1937)) in the Gulf War (A war fought between a coalition led by the United States and Iraq to free Kuwait from Iraqi invaders; 1990-1991).
		The agreement reached during this war in 2002 is also one of the causes of the ongoing Darfur conflict (additional info and facts about Darfur conflict), as of 2004 (additional info and facts about as of 2004).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/S/Se/Second_Sudanese_Civil_War.htm (3016 words)

	History of Sudan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		South Sudanese authorities were informed at the Juba conference of 1947 that they would now be governed by a common administrative authority with the north.
		In 1972, the Addis Ababa Agreement led to a cessation of the north-south civil war and a degree of self-rule.
		Civil War in Sudan: The Impact of Ecological Degradation
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Sudan (2853 words)

	History of Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The oldest of these were Nubia south of the First Cataract of the Nile, the Makoritae at Old Dongola, and the kingdom of the Alodaei around Soba on the Blue Nile.
		These events, and other longstanding grievances, in part led to a resumption of the civil war that was held in abeyance since 1972, and the war continues as of 2004.
		Among the first acts of the new government was to suspend the 1983 constitution and disband Nimeiri’s Sudan Socialist Union.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/history_of_sudan (3126 words)

	Second Sudanese Civil War - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It has been one of the longest lasting and deadliest wars of the later 20th century.
		Among the first acts of the new government was to suspend the 1983 constitution, rescind the decree declaring Sudan's intent to become and Islamic state, and disband Nimeiry's Sudan Socialist Union.
		The agreement reached during this war in 2002 is also one of the causes of the ongoing Darfur conflict, as of 2004.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Second_Sudanese_Civil_War (2780 words)

	Adi Da Samraj: The Peace Law
		Since the mid-twentieth century, the previous restrictions on the destructive potential of war have ceased to be the case.
		War is a past way of doing things that no longer makes sense and can no longer be accepted as an appropriate instrument of policy in the modern world.
		The only way beyond the chaos and destruction of war is for humankind as a whole to embrace the discipline of a truly cooperative global community.
	www.aboutadidam.org /readings/peace_law (2614 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On Sudanese Civil War
		The Sudanese civil war started in 1983 when the SPLA took up arms fighting for self-determination in the southern part of the country, which has left some 2 million people dead, mostly through war-induced famine and disease.
		The Sudanese government and the SPLA began peace talks in March1994 in Kenya, under the auspices of The Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD), a seven-member regional group in east Africa, consisting of Kenya, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Uganda, Eritrea, Somalia and the...
		First Sudan agreed to let Ugandan troops into its territory to fight the LRA, and now the Sudanese civil war appears to be on the brink of a final peace deal.
	history.surfwax.com /files/Sudanese_Civil_War.html (2716 words)

	The History Guy: New and Recent Conflicts of the World
		Current “Major” wars and conflicts in the world—Major conflicts are defined here as wars and conflicts in which more than a thousand people have died, involve more than one nation (for internal conflicts) or more than two nations (for international conflicts), and/or have the near-term potential to turn into a multi-national regional conflict.
		Current “Minor” wars and conflicts in the world— Wars and conflicts, which are relatively small impact on the world or the region in which they occur.
		The conflict was primarily waged as an urban guerrilla/terrorist war.
	www.historyguy.com /new_and_recent_conflicts.html (4086 words)

	Encyclopedia: Sudanese Civil War
		The term Sudanese Civil War refers to at least two separate conflicts:
		This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title.
		The war is usually characterized as a fight between the southern, non-Arab populations against the northern, Arab -dominated government.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Sudanese-Civil-War (268 words)

	The Sudan: Prospects for a Peaceful Settlement of the Civil War
		Political, economic and financial power is concentrated in the hands of the Arab minority, which comprises thirty-nine percent of the Sudanese population, while the majority Black Africans, constituting sixty-nine percent of the population, are excluded.
		The Sudan is paying the human costs of the civil war in the form of lost lives and suffering, internal displacement of people, enslavement of women and children, and separation of families.
		Peaceful settlement of the civil war is possible only if the warring parties accept the pluralistic nature of the Sudan, adopt a secular constitution, decentralize political power and decision-making mechanisms, and find a formula for fair and equitable distribution of national wealth and resources.
	perc.ca /PEN/1992-03/achull.html (1626 words)

	ESPAC - Working for Peace in Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The war in Sudan is also presented as one between the Islamic north and the largely animist south.
		The SPLA’s purposeful abduction and isolation of southern Sudanese children can be seen as a corrupted and less sophisticated version of the Nazi use of youngsters for political and military ends, the result of which is a grouping of child soldiers within the SPLA known as the "Red Army".
		Sudanese who were in Itang during that period later reported they routinely saw trucks being re-loaded with food at the camp stores: at times on a daily basis.
	www.espac.org /spla_pages/spla_fit_to_govern.html (13024 words)

	Twentieth Century Atlas - Top Ranked Atrocities
		The Russian Civil War (#5), which paved the way for the rise of Stalin, was an integral outgrowth of World War One.
		The first sparks of the Western Hemoclysm were the Balkan Wars (1912-13) which quickly ignited the First World War.
		The death toll for the entire Congolese Civil War (1998-2003) is reckoned now to be 3.3M, but in 2000, it was calculated to have been 1.7M.
	users.rcn.com /mwhite28/atrox.htm (1097 words)

	Juba, Sudan
		In 1955, a mutiny of southern soldiers in the city sparked the First Sudanese Civil War, which did not end until 1969.
		During the Second Sudanese Civil War, Juba was a strategic location that was the focus of much fighting.
		The city is to serve as the permanent regional capital of Southern Sudan, although the interim capital is Rumbek.
	creekin.net /c6692-n174-juba-sudan.html (168 words)

	A State under Siege: The Internationalisation of the Sudanese Civil War - African Security Review Vol 7 No 1, 1998
		As was the case in the first phase of the civil war, the issue of the autonomy of the South has remained the central driving force behind the liberation movements.
		This is the first time in the history of the Sudanese civil war that the liberation movements have formally entered into a marriage of convenience with the northern parties to oppose the leadership in Khartoum.
		The eleven years' truce (1972-1983), the longest in the history of the civil war, prevailed because of the willingness of the parties to observe the provisions of the Accord.
	www.iss.co.za /Pubs/ASR/7No1/Adar.html (5343 words)

	JustWarTheory.com
		World War I was touted in the U.S. as "the war to end all war." Yet, the world has seen a lot of warfare since the end of WWI, some of it in more or less direct consequence of that war.
		The tradition of just war theory and the international war conventions that emerged from it help us to see many of the ways in which the use of arms might be limited and controlled for the sake of international peace.
		The Counterterrorism Blog, founded and edited by Andrew Cochran, is self-described as "The first multi-expert blog dedicated solely to counterterrorism issues, serving as a gateway to the community for policymakers and serious researchers." It's a good resource for keeping abreast of the inside-the-beltway view of Islamist political violence.
	www.justwartheory.com (8019 words)

	Sudanese Civil War - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Sudanese Civil War - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		First Sudanese Civil War - 1955 - 1972
		Second Sudanese Civil War - 1983 - present
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Sudanese_Civil_War (119 words)

	Darfur Liberation Front / Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) / Sudan Liberation Army
		Chadian government mediators persuaded the Sudanese government and representatives of the rebel Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) to agree to the truce.
		The deal included an agreement to release prisoners of war and other detainees arrested as a result of the 14-month-old conflict, to stop laying mines and committing acts of sabotage and had pledged allow the free movement of people and goods.
		In light of the continuing humanitarian emergency and the civil war's stalemate, on July 23rd the US Congress declared the mass killing of civilians in Darfur to be genocide.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/darfur.htm (3664 words)

	SudanTribune article : Sudanese rebel: Civil-war peace deal a model for Darfur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		UNITED NATIONS, Feb 8, 2005 (AP) — Southern Sudan’s rebel leader called Tuesday for the peace agreement ending the country’s 21-year civil war to serve as a basis to settle the devastating conflict in Darfur, backed by a 30,000-strong force to stabilize the vast western region.
		John Garang, who spent 10 years negotiating an end to the civil war and will shortly become a vice president in a new Sudanese government of national unity, told the U.N. Security Council last month’s north-south agreement should also be used to end a long low-intensity conflict in eastern Sudan which recently flared up.
		Garang said he was "encouraged" that the Jan. 9 peace agreement could be successfully applied in both Darfur and eastern Sudan as a result of talks he held with government leaders in the region and leaders of armed groups involved in both conflicts.
	www.sudantribune.com /article.php3?id_article=7917 (725 words)

	HRW Calls for International Arms Embargo on All Sides in the Sudanese Civil War (Human Rights Watch, 20-8-1998) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		If, in addition, the government of Sudan has managed to acquire SCUD missiles, as is alleged by a Sudanese diplomat who defected in 1997, the potential exists for a widening of the regional scope of the conflict, and possibly an intensification of the fighting itself.
		Ugandan troops have entered Sudanese territory on the side of the rebels and engaged government forces and rebels of the LRA in combat on a number of occasions.
		Violations of human rights and the laws of war have been widespread, systematic, and prolonged throughout the civil war in Sudan.
	www.hrw.org /hrw/press98/aug/sudn0821.htm (1277 words)

	Encyclopedia: History of Sudan
		In the history of Sudan, the coming of Islam eventually changed the nature of Sudanese society and facilitated the division of the country into north and south.
		The agreement also provided for a senate for the Sudan, a Council of Ministers, and a House of Representatives, elections to which was to be supervised by an international commission.
		The "Sudanization" of the control government was initiated; by 1944, Sudanese were sitting on the Province Councils and an Advisory Council for Northern Sudan with Sudanese members was founded.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/History-of-Sudan (598 words)

	Sudan Civil War
		These states were firmly behind efforts to overthrow the Sudan Government and install in its place Sudanese opposition groups, operating under the umbrella of a coalition known as the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).
		This region has been negatively affected by war for all but 10 years of the independence period (1956), resulting in serious neglect, lack of infrastructure development, and major destruction and displacement.
		More than 2 million people have died, and more than 4 million are internally displaced or become refugees as a result of the civil war and war-related impacts.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/sudan.htm (709 words)

	Bill Tammeus
		The American Civil War (140,415 Union soldiers and 74,524 Confederate soldiers dead).
		The Wars of the Fronde, or French Civil Wars (1648-52).
		"And you will hear of wars and rumors of wars; see that you are not alarmed; for this must take place, but the end is not yet." - Jesus, quoted in the Gospel of Matthew.
	www.jewishworldreview.com /0203/tammeus1.asp (702 words)

	[No title]
		Sometimes he heard his mother and father joke that Ismael had “become Fur.” Adel was born during the brief 10-year peaceful period in Sudan, after the end of the first Sudanese civil war and before the beginning of the second.
		War broke out in the south, and over the following years, the tensions spread northward, with the rebel Sudanese People’s Liberation Army (“SPLA”) operating in parts of Southern Darfur by 1989.
		While an immigration judge might determine that Adel’s evidence is insufficient to establish a fear of persecution on account of one of the protected grounds, as opposed to general harsh conditions and civil strife, Adel’s testimony and corroborative evidence of country conditions are sufficient to support a finding of well-founded fear of persecution.
	law.marquette.edu /jprice/MohamadCaseMemo.doc (2880 words)

	Online NewsHour: Civil war and famine in Sudan -- July 30, 1998
		Since 1983, a combination of civil war and famine has taken the lives of more than 1.5 million people in Sudan.
		But I have to tell him and you that the war goes back that length, the length of time, because these deep-rooted divisions within the country, which on the superficial level does not appear that serious—because if you look in the north, the people of the north superficially look just like another African people.
		John Garang, a former officer in the Sudanese People’s Armed Forces, joined forces with mutinous troops in the south to fight Khartoum’s imposition of Islamic law on Sudan.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/africa/july-dec98/sudan_7-30.html (2453 words)

	Sudanese civil war: a new round of peace negotiations
		Former US president Jimmy Carter sponsored and participated as a mediator in the first encounter at Nairobi in 1989, the Nigerian ex-president General Obasango also succeeded in bringing the two sides together several times during the 1990s in the Nigerian new capital Abuja.
		Inside Sudan seemingly there is not much optimism, Riak Mashar assistant to the president of the republic and chairman of the south Sudan coordination council, who is viewed to be a key player in the coming negotiations, in his turn, expressed his low expectations for a positive outcome.
		The southern Sudanese Leader accused the SPLA of planning a wide range offensive supported by Uganda, Ethiopia and the United States, with the objective of aborting the forthcoming meeting in Kenya.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/980416/1998041601.html (446 words)

	weapon-shaped: WESH forum - I would be interested to know
		The short answer is that there are always tsunamis and there are always wars.
		It said people rather than governments are taking the lead, and had a great anecdote about a homeless man emptying his pockets to chip in.
		The role of the church in the civil rights movement was nothing less than tremendous.
	www.weapon-shaped.com /forum/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=9305 (1742 words)

	Canadian Jewish News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The latest crisis in the northwest takes place against a blood-splattered backdrop of two decades of civil war in the south.
		The Sudanese civil war is winding down, after two million died and countless others were maimed and enslaved — yes, slavery still exists today in the Arab world.
		Before and after, the Janjawid destroy, plunder, rape, kill and burn their way through a village, the civilians are hit by [the] Sudanese air force to ensure nothing and nobody is left standing.
	www.cjnews.com /viewarticle.asp?id=3819 (623 words)

	The Claremont Institute: The Remedy
		First, the idea that rights come from God implies limitations on government power.
		Anyone who proposed a "new political order" that establish that sovereignty came from God to man first and not to the king, as inshrined in the Declaration of Independence, could not be considered a "conservative".
		This means that religious freedom is the freedom to practice your religion in your private life; it is not the "freedom" to ram your religion down other people's throats whether they want it or not, and it certainly does not mean doing such ramming under any auspices of government.
	www.claremont.org /weblog/000613.html (5642 words)

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