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Topic: First Transcontinental Railroad

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	railroad. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In 1917 the federal government took over the railroads for the duration of World War I. Although the Transportation Act of 1920 returned the railroads to their private owners, it also granted the ICC general control over the lines, including the right to mediate labor disputes, which had become an important factor.
		Railroads of historical importance include the Baghdad Railway, the Trans-Caspian Railroad, the Chinese Eastern Railway, the Transandine Railway, and the Trans-Siberian Railroad.
		Although the railroad played a significant role in the transportation of both passengers and freight during the 19th and early 20th cent., in the latter part of the 20th cent., the automobile and the aircraft eroded the railroad’s importance for passenger travel until the introduction of high-speed rail.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ra/railroad.html (2229 words)

	[No title]
		Introduction The construction of the first transcontinental railroad in the late nineteenth century transformed the face of America.
		While the first few miles of the transcontinental railroad were built prior to 1865, most of the construction did not gain pace until after the Civil War.
		However, once the transcontinental railroad was completed, the workers that contributed to the prosperity of America were unwelcome and ignored.
	www.rpi.edu /AFS/home/82/hohenp/public/Paper_4 (2445 words)

	American Experience \| Transcontinental Railroad \| Transcript
		WENDELL HUFFMAN, HISTORIAN: The Transcontinental Railroad was the technological manifestation of Manifest Destiny.
		Railroads in the east were already generating enormous revenues for owners -- and prosperity for the towns and cities along the lines.
		Accordingly, a vigilance committee was organized and its first act was the hanging of a boy known as "The Kid." This act of the vigilantes served only to intensify the bitter feeling of the lawless element and these now threatened openly to burn the town.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/tcrr/filmmore/pt.html (13267 words)

	First Transcontinental Railroad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The First Transcontinental Railroad in North America was built across the United States in the 1860s, linking the railway network of the Eastern United States with California on the Pacific coast.
		The building of the railroad was motivated in part to bind the Union together during the strife of the American Civil War.
		This line was not the first railroad to connect the Atlantic with the Pacific; that honor goes to the Panama Railway, completed in 1855, which ran 48 miles (77 km) across Panama.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Transcontinental_Railroad (1185 words)

	The Building of the Transcontinental Railroad
		At the time when Eastern railroads were struggling to cross the Alleghenies and reach the Ohio or the Great Lakes, pioneering spirits already dreamed of a railroad that would cross the American continent.
		Haunted by the prospects a transcontinental railroad promised for the China and East India trade, in which he was an expert, Asa Whitney was the first to promote the idea of such a railroad on a grand scale.
		The discovery of gold in California not only created the first important transcontinental traffic (much of which was channeled through Panama or Nicaragua), but also significantly changed the public attitude towards the territories that joined the United States after the Mexican War and the Oregon compromise.
	www.raken.com /american_wealth/railroad_barons/transcontinental1.asp (497 words)

	Shannon Hofher
		The idea for a transcontinental railroad "to shrink the continent and change the whole world" was first proposed by men of imagination in 1830.
		The net increased value, therefore, contributed directly to the wealth of the State, by the railroad company, is $6.75 per acre, or a sum equal to $48,888,000.
		The railroad company has opened other lines, equal to 600 miles more, and have, in doing so, added tens of millions to the permanent wealth of the State, and infinitely to the comfort of the people.
	www.angelfire.com /ny5/hdogg/railroad_hofher.htm (1881 words)

	History of the Transcontinental Railroad
		The work of the railroad men cannot be fully appreciated without first understanding the history behind the building of the first Transcontinental Railroad.
		The history of this great railroad goes back to the time when the first steam locomotives were moving on the first tracks in the nation.
		The first convention for the planning of the Pacific Railroad (as this first transcontinental railroad was called) was held in 1838 by John Plumbe.
	bushong.net /dawn/about/college/ids100/history.shtml (1297 words)

	The First Transcontinental Railroad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Judah was obsessed with building a transcontinental railroad and convinced merchants Leland Stanford, Charles Crocker, Mark Hopkins, and Collis P. Huntington, forever known as The Big Four, to invest in a railroad.
		On July 1, 1862, President Lincoln signed the Railroad Act of 1862, which authorized the Union Pacific to build a railroad from the Missouri River to California, or until it met the Central Pacific.
		The first nitroglycerin factory was built near Donner Lake, which had become necessary in blasting the tunnel.
	members.aol.com /Gibson0817/cp-up.htm (2231 words)

	Building the Transcontinental Railroad
		The idea of a transcontinental railroad first surfaced in 1832 in an announoumous letter in the weekly newspaper- The Emigrant published in Ann Arbor Michigan.
		After working in the engineering department of a number of eastern railroads, he was hired to build a railroad in California between Sacramento and Folsum.
		With the outbreak of the Civil War Congress quickly passed the Pacific Railroad Act it called for the establishment of a new railroad, the Union Pacific, which would lay track westward from Omaha and the Central Pacific.
	www.multied.com /railroad/Trans.html (670 words)

	Amistad National Recreation Area - The Southern Transcontinental Railroad (U.S. National Park Service)
		And on January 1, 1863, ground was broken at Sacramento, California for the building of the first transcontinental railroad; the Central Pacific from Sacramento and the Union Pacific from Omaha Nebraska (Elliot 1928:2).
		The driving force of the "Big Four" (Potter Huntington, Leland Stanford, Charles Crocker, and Mark Hopkins) that made the first transcontinental railroad a reality was also responsible for the completion of the southern transcontinental line in 1883 (Elliot 1928:3) which passed through today's Amistad Reservoir basin.
		Railroads came into existence in Texas in 1851 with the formation of the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos, and Colorado Railway (Patterson 1980:8).
	www.nps.gov /amis/historyculture/str.htm (1056 words)

	America on the Move \| A Century of Progress?
		For those enthusiastic about expansion, the completion of a transcontinental railroad link in 1869 was the achievement of the age.
		This famous photo was taken moments after the completion of North America’s first transcontinental rail line.
		In the 20 years that followed the centennial, American railroad companies added more than 100,000 miles of track to the system, further connecting the nation’s economy, politics, and cultures.
	americanhistory.si.edu /onthemove/exhibition/exhibition_1_3.html (288 words)

	Transcontinental Railroad - Driving the Last Spike - 1869
		Leland Stanford, Collis P. Huntington, Charles Crocker and Mark Hopkins were the “Big Four” that conceived this enterprise and brought it to a successful ending after years of daily struggle that would have exhausted the patience and spirit of ordinary men.
		The connection of the Central Pacific and the Union Pacific bridged the 2000 miles to the Missouri River, and the four to six months time taken by the overland pioneers was reduced to six days.
		This is Central Pacific locomotive No. 1, the first engine to be placed in construction service on the western end of the transcontinental railroad.
	www.sfmuseum.org /hist1/rail.html (554 words)

	Transcontinental Mail on the Pacific Railroad
		This letter was first forwarded by train to New York City where it was placed on the United States Mail Steamship Co. steamer "Falcon" for transport to the port city of Chagres on the Atlantic coast of Panama.
		As the Panama Railroad would not be built until 1855, this letter was transported 48 difficult miles overland by mule and canoe through the rain forests of Panama to Panama City on the Pacific coast, and then by a Pacific Mail Steamship Co. steamer on to San Francisco.
		First Day Covers were authorized to be canceled on that date in three cities — San Francisco, CA, Ogden, UT (transition point between the CPRR and UPRR), and Omaha, NE (starting point of the UPRR).
	cprr.org /Museum/Ephemera/Postal.html (2180 words)

	Louisiana Purchase
		From the time of the "hunchbacked cows" of Cabeza de Vaca to the decade following the completion of the first transcontinental railroad, every traveler through the plains of Louisiana territory was impressed first by their extent, and next by the vast herds of buffalo.
		The completion of the Union Pacific Railroad divided the buffalo into the northern and southern herds, and ease of transit for hunters and the increasing pressure of newcomers hastened the work of extermination.
		With this road began the work of the railroad surveyor and engineer in the true West, with its perils of all kinds on the plains and in the mountains, which forms in itself one of the epics of Western history.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/topic/preservation/history/louis/chpt24a.htm (1061 words)

	The Transcontinental Railroad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The railroad is a symbol of great engineering feats and is part of America's beginning love story with technology.
		One of the most amazing feats in railroading is the building of the transcontinental railroad.
		Built not with machine-powered vehicles, such as dump trucks and bulldozers, the railroad was built almost entirely "with bare hands and coordinated skill" [Howard 327].
	bushong.net /dawn/about/college/ids100 (213 words)

	Completing the Transcontinental Railroad, 1869 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Construction of the railroad presented a daunting task requiring the laying of over 2000 miles of track that stretched through some the most forbidding landscape on the continent.
		Then Stanford tried it again and tapped the spike and the telegraph operators had fixed their instruments so that the tap was reported in all the offices east and west, and set bells to tapping in hundreds of towns and cities...
		Alexander Topence's account first appeared in Topence, Alexander, Alexander Topence, Pioneer (1923) republished in Botkin, B.A. and Alvin Harlow (eds.) A Treasury of Railroad Folklore (1953); Bain, David Harward, Empire Express, Building the First Transcontinental Railroad (1999).
	www.eyewitnesstohistory.com /goldenspike.htm (891 words)

	THE TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Students will be introduced to the building of the Transcontinental Railroad.
		List at least 3 nicknames given to railroad workers and why they were given those names.
		Railroad builder James Strobridge argued that Chinese were too frail.
	www.pleasval.k12.ia.us /juniorhigh/TRRR/transcontinental_railroad.htm (1048 words)

	Salon Books \| "Empire Express: Building the First Transcontinental Railroad" by David Haward Bain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		We forget that the brutal, epic construction of America's transcontinental railroad owed as much to the goals of Columbus as to those of Lewis and Clark.
		Just as the transcontinental railroad represented a grand link to vast Asia, so, too, did it bring Asia to America: By 1865, some 90 percent of C.P.'s workers were Chinese men, mostly from the famine-struck Kwantung province.
		The site was a terrific snub to Brigham Young, a substantial railroad backer, whose Mormon followers had endured two years of drought and locusts while they wholeheartedly helped build the railroad, in the vain hope that it would cross through a strategic Mormon town.
	archive.salon.com /books/review/1999/11/15/bain (897 words)

	Transcontinental Railroad
		The first transcon passenger train was January 28,1855, on the Pananma Railroad.
		The first transcon passenger train was January 28,1855, on the Panama Railroad.
		BUT if you mean when was the first time you could buy a coach ticket on the East Coast and not leave your car until you reached the Pacific, all in the USofA, that was April, 1993 (sorry, don't have the exact date), when Amtrak innaugurated the Jacksonville-New Orleans segment of the Sunset.
	www.trainorders.com /discussion/read.php?1,44442 (432 words)

	Golden Spike National Historic Site
		Located at the site of the driving of the last spike of the first transcontinental railroad on May 10, 1869, its paramount purpose is to illustrate the social, economic, and political impacts of the transcontinental railroad on the growth and westward development of the United States.
		...the paramount historical significance of the first transcontinental railroad lies in its effect upon the Far Western frontier.
		It made the first serious and permanent breech in the frontier, and established the process by which the entire frontier was to be demolished.
	www.nps.gov /gosp/home.html (189 words)

	Amazon.com: Empire Express: Building the First Transcontinental Railroad: Books: David Haward Bain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For those interested in railroads, the gilded age, or western history there is no better book from which to learn the chronology, the personalities, the politics and the geography of the first transcontinental railroad.
		First, the repeated detailing of the financial devices and fiscal machinations used to fund the constructions of the railroad (and line the pockets of many movers and shakers) left this reader, and apparently others, confused.
		The story of the building of the transcontinental railroad is far more than the story of Irish and Chinese laborers moving toward an unknown meeting point in the west.
	www.amazon.com /Empire-Express-Building-Transcontinental-Railroad/dp/0140084991 (2676 words)

	Learning Through History News Archives - The Transcontinental Railroad Mini Unit Study
		Considered one of the greatest technological achievements of the nineteenth century, the First Transcontinental Railroad joined together the eastern and western halves of the United States.
		The Central Pacific Railroad was built from Sacramento, California eastward and the Union Pacific Railroad from Omaha westward, until they met in the middle at Promontory, Utah in 1869.
		The establishment of the railroad dramatically changed not only commerce and travel in the United States, but permanently changed the landscape of the West as new towns and cities formed and grew along the busy rail lines.
	www.learningthroughhistory.com /newsletter/archives/42005.php (509 words)

	Sparks had role in first transcontinental railroad (printable version)
		The First Transcontinental Railroad passed through what is now Sparks, and residents can still view a remnant of this engineering achievement built in the 1860s.
		But time is running out for this last remaining remnant of the Transcontinental Railroad.
		However, the railroad did not span the Truckee Meadows on the graded roadbed.
	www.rgj.com /news/printstory.php?id=65208 (360 words)

	centralpacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Promontory Branch of the railroad was replaced in 1904 by the Lucin Cutoff, a shorter route built on pilings across the Great Salt Lake.
		The Transcontinental Railroad National Back Country Byway is administered by the Bureau of Land Management for public use and enjoyment.
		Due to its unique history and scenic beauty, the Transcontinental Railroad Grade is a designated Area of Critical Environmental Concern and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
	www.ut.blm.gov /recsite/central.html (765 words)

	The American Experience/The Iron Road/About the Program
		The Iron Road, produced by Neil Goodwin of Peace River Films, is the story of the building of the first railroad link connecting the East to the West.
		Many believed that a railroad to the Pacific would be the key to westward expansion and the future of the country.
		The real heroes of the railroad, however, were the 20,000 men who labored to build the iron road with their bare hands.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/iron/index.html (636 words)

	Transportation: Transcontinental Railroad \| eThemes \| eMINTS
		This map shows the 10 transcontinental railroad lines that existed in the 1880s.
		This PBS lesson plan is about the affect of the transcontinental railroad on American life.
		This short article is about the role Congress played in the planning and construction of the transcontinental railroad.
	www.emints.org /ethemes/resources/S00000752.shtml (499 words)

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