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| | Guardian Unlimited Politics Whitehall Doing the honours the French way |
 | | Honours are nominally chosen by the sovereign, ie the Queen, who is the "fountain of honour" but are in fact put forward by civil servants and approved by the prime minister. |
 | | Similarly to the orders of the British Empire, there are four ascending ranks: légionnaire, officier, commandeur, and grand officier, with a minimum service of 20 years needed to qualify even for the entry-level honour, thereby at least insitutionalising a concrete criterion the British system lacks. |
 | | Beneath that level, and at least nominally bestowed by the monarch, are knighthoods ('sir' for men, 'dame' for women), then the Commanders of the British Empire, Officers of the British Empire and Members of the British Empire - which are at the centre of today's report. |
| politics.guardian.co.uk /whitehall/comment/0,9236,1260502,00.html (576 words) |
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