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Topic: Flavor particle physics

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	Flavor Wave Oven
		There is another article on Flavor (particle physics) for the particleproperty.
		Flavor (or flavour) is the sensory impression of a food or other substance.
		It is determined by the three chemical senses of taste, olfaction (smell), and the so-called trigeminal senses, which detect chemical irritants in the mouth and throat.
	www.altvetmed.com /face/17752-flavor-wave-oven.html (658 words)

	Neutrino Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Neutrinos are elementary particles denoted by the symbol ν.
		The existence of flavor oscillations implies a non-zero neutrino mass, because the amount of mixing between neutrino flavors at a given time depends on the differences in their squared-masses (mixing would be zero for massless neutrinos).
		In particle physics the main virtue of studying neutrinos is that they are typically the lowest mass, and hence lowest energy examples of particles theorized in extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Neutrino.html (4930 words)

	Particle Adventure Glossary
		The produced particles may be any combination allowed by conservation of energy and momentum and of all the charge types.
		For most particle types (and every fermion type) there is another particle type that has exactly the same mass but the opposite value of all other charges (quantum numbers).
		The rest mass (m) of a particle is the mass defined by the energy of the isolated (free) particle at rest, divided by the speed of light squared.
	www.particleadventure.org /frameless/glossary.html (1995 words)

	Theoretical High-Energy Particle Physics and Cosmology
		Particle theorists attempt to reach this goal in a variety of ways, but they depend on close contact with the results of their experimental colleagues to test theoretical ideas.
		The "standard model" of particle physics is that the fundamental constituents are quarks, leptons, gauge bosons and the graviton, interacting via the strong, electroweak and gravitational interactions.
		Students, research staff and faculty from the Physics Department are engaged in a wide variety of computational research projects in theoretical an experimental particle physics, condensed-matter physics, statistical mechanics, biophysics and polymer physics.
	physics.bu.edu /bu/hieng.html (1059 words)

	Physics & Astronomy - University of Pennsylvania
		In particular, the decays of these particles exhibit a large violation of the combined symmetry operation of charge conjugation and parity or ``CP.'' CP-violation is of great interest, because it must exist to explain the observed predominance of matter over anti-matter in our Universe.
		Neutral B mesons also undergo "flavor oscillations," that is a neutral B meson can oscillate into a neutral anti-B mesons (the antimatter counterpart to the B meson).
		Currently I am developing the experimental techniques that are in integral part of the the observation of flavor oscillations and CP-violation in the decays of B mesons.
	dept.physics.upenn.edu /facultyinfo/kroll_new.html (503 words)

	Particles
		Many physics majors who plan to do research in grad school on high energy physics have little or no knowledge on the subject, having read articles or books written for people with only a high-school education in physics (or less).
		There are thus 3 "colors" of quarks (besides their 6 "flavors"), but we never see the colors because they cancel in their bound states, the hadrons (baryons, antibaryons, and mesons).
		The most important calculational tool in particle physics is perturbation theory, because it gives a systematic expansion of exact results that are often accurate already at lowest order, and can be improved at higher orders.
	insti.physics.sunysb.edu /~siegel/particle.html (1163 words)

	Physics
		Is that a particle accelerator in your pocket or are you just pleased to see me? Investigating the mysteries of the sub-atomic domain could soon become much easier thanks to new micro-accelerator technology...
		Much of this disquiet is to do with the way modern physics relies on some sneaky techniques to explain away the trickiest bits of the accepted model.
		One of the cornerstones of physics, the fine structure - or alpha - constant, may not be a constant after all, according to a physicist studying distant quasars...
	www.scienceagogo.com /news/physics.shtml (0 words)

	UW-Madison Physics Alumni Directory, The Wisconsin Physicist, PhysWeb
		Particle physics has been a major research area since the early 1950s.
		Graduate students involved in experimental particle physics investigations may expect to spend two or more years at the accelerator laboratory, once they have completed their course work in Madison.
		The next decade promises to be one of the most exciting in the history of particle physics because of the incoming data from high energy experiments.
	www.physics.wisc.edu /research/particle-pheno.html (1892 words)

	Particle Physics Overview
		The carrier of Gravity is the theoretical particle of the graviton.
		All particles that are made of quarks are called "Hadrons." Particles made of two quarks are called "Mesons," while particles made of three are called "Baryons." The Standard Model holds that there are no other combinations of quarks, and no quarks have ever been produced that are not in a pair or triplet.
		Particles made of two quarks are actually made of a quark and an antiquark.
	filer.case.edu /~sjr16/advanced/extras_particlephys.html (1517 words)

	Glossary : SLAC Virtual Visitor Center
		Gluons are carrier particles for strong interactions (color force fields), photons are carrier particles of electromagnetic interactions, and the W and Z bosons are carrier particles for weak interactions.
		The particles in the jet are chiefly hadrons.
		For fundamental particles spin is an intrinsic and inherently quantum property, it cannot be understood in terms of motions internal to the object.
	www2.slac.stanford.edu /vvc/glossary.html (5645 words)

	Infinite Particle Physics
		As the center of a particle’s ellipsoidal oscillation steps through space, its bound defects are constrained to follow along, because they translocate in the direction of the moving oscillator’s center during each central “rarefaction” phase of the oscillation cycle.
		The discovery of this unusually narrow resonance in the fall of 1974 at Brookhaven and SLAC, and its association with a new quark flavor, ‘charm’, was crucial to the acceptance of the quark hypothesis.
		The anomaly in the alpha particle that leads to its high mass-deficit is that the four nucleons switch from six-state to two-state charge-exchange cycles.
	www.infiniteparticlephysics.com (2381 words)

	staff and research
		Physics education: Physics education in premedical course, remedial education and compensational education.
		Nanocrystalline particles of ZnS:(Ag, Al) semiconductor phosphor, whose sizes are mostly 3–5 nm in diameter, are prepared by the gas-evaporation method with cw CO2 laser heating.
		We calculate lepton flavor violating (LFV) Z decays Z \to {{e_i^\pm}}e_j^\mp (i, j = e, \mu, \tau ; i\neq j) in the Zee model keeping in view the radiative leptonic decays e_i\to e_j\gamma (i = \mu, \tau ; j = e, \mu ; i\neq j), \mu decay and anomalous muon magnetic moment (\mu AMM).
	www.aichi-med-u.ac.jp /physics/research.html (3281 words)

	Particle Physics Glossary
		In fixed target experiments, in which a beam of particles strikes a stationary target, the center-of-mass energy is significantly less than the sum of the energies of the two colliding particles.
		Particles that travel faster than the speed of light in a given material emit a cone of light, in the same way that objects exceeding the speed of sound emit a sonic boom.
		The particles that are observed are manifestations of the vibrations of fundamental strings.
	www.interactions.org /cms/?pid=1002289 (4816 words)

	Berkeley Lab Physics Division Home Page
		The goal is to discover the identity and properties of the particles that make up the universe and to understand he forces and interactions between those particles.
		Theoretical particle physics research is concerned with the standard model and possible deviations from, and extensions to, it.
		The Physics Division is engaged in several Educational activities, providing materials that help in understanding of the fundamental nature of matter and energy and current experiments.
	www-physics.lbl.gov /PD_programs.html (1094 words)

	UBC PhysAstro: Research
		Standard Model of Particle Physics beautifully brings together three of the four forces of nature (strong, electromagnetic and weak) in a framework encompassing 6 quarks and 6 leptons, and the gauge particles which mediate their interactions (photons, W bosons, Z bosons and gluon's).
		TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, is located at the southern end of the UBC campus, and its new ISAC facility is the world's leading source of light radioactive ions.
		The physics case is clear: precision studies of the top quark, W and Z gauge boson couplings, the Higgs boson (or whatever else plays its role in generating particle masses), and the probable new physics (supersymmetry?) that keeps all particle masses from being renormalized to some much higher energy scale.
	www.physics.ubc.ca /research/particle.php (1633 words)

	Physics, UCSD - Faculty Profile: George M. Fuller
		I am presently working on two broad subject topics: the neutrino and weak interaction physics of stellar evolution, stellar collapse, and supernovae; and the physics of the early and late-early universe.
		The supernova explosion mechanism and heavy element nucleosynthesis are determined by the neutrinos emitted in the collapse of the core of a massive star.
		These investigations are important for constraining the physics of cosmic phase transitions and new models of galaxy and large scale structure formation.
	physics.ucsd.edu /fac_staff/profiles/fgm.html (293 words)

	flavor concept from the Astronomy knowledge base
		Flavor determines how the weak nuclear force influences quarks.
		The up and down quarks belong to the first generation, the charmed and strange quarks belong to the second, and the top and bottom quarks belong to the third.
		For example, there are 6 flavors of quarks, meaning that there are 6 different types of quarks.
	www.site.uottawa.ca:4321 /astronomy/flavor.html (175 words)

	flavoring \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		This article is about flavor as a sensory impression.
		Flavor or flavour (see spelling differences) is the sensory impression of a food or other substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and smell.
		The flavor of the food, as such, can be altered with natural or artificial flavorants, which affect these senses.
	www.babylon.com /definition/flavoring (226 words)

	Theoretical Elementary Particle Physics - Chicago
		The Particle Theory Group at the University of Chicago, part of the Enrico Fermi Institute, carries out research on a wide range of theoretical topics in formal and phenomenological particle physics, including field theory, string theory, supersymmetry, the standard model, cosmology, and mathematical physics.
		Much of the success of particle physics is based on situations where there is a small parameter (such as the fine structure constant in QED) and quantities of physical interest can be expanded in a perturbative series in terms of this small parameter.
		Among the most relevant open questions in particle physics are the ones related to the origin of mass and to the existence of matter in the Universe.
	physics.uchicago.edu /t_part.html (3277 words)

	FLAVOR PHYSICS FOR THE MILLENNIUM
		This book is devoted to the broad subject of flavor physics, embracing the question of what distinguishes one type of elementary particles from another.
		Although special emphasis is placed on the physics of kaons, charmed and beauty particles, top quarks, and neutrinos, the articles also dealing with electroweak physics, quantum chromodynamics, supersymmetry, and dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking.
		The physics of the Cabibbo—Kobayashi—Maskawa matrix and of quark masses are described in some detail, both from the standpoint of present and future experimental knowledge and from a more fundamental viewpoint, where physicists are still searching for the correct theory.
	www.worldscibooks.com /physics/4646.html (272 words)

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