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Topic: Flight data recorder

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	Analysis of Flight 103 Cockpit Voice Recorder
		From the recorded radar data it was possible to determine that the last recorded SSR return was at 19.02:46.9 hrs and that by the next rotation of the radar head a number of primary returns, some left and right of track, were evident.
		Based on the evidence of recorded data only, Point B therefore represents the geographical position of the aircraft at the moment the loud sound was recorded on the CVR.
		When the loud sound was recorded on the CVR, the geographical position of the aircraft, based on the evidence of recorded data, was calculated to be within 525 metres of OS Grid Reference 14827826.
	www.panamair.org /OLDSITE/Accidents/cockvoice.htm (4867 words)

	Discovery of the OEX Recorder in the Debris Field (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The data recorder was in exceptionally good condition considering that it was subject to all of the reentry forces and aerodynamic heating that all the rest of the debris was exposed to.
		Flight data recorders on commercial airliners are located near the tail of the aircraft because that is the area that sustains the least damage.
		Recording MADS data would be the only function of that recorder since the payload data functions were now completely obsolete with the introduction of the, "Payload and General Support Computer", for recording experiment data.
	www.columbiassacrifice.com /subsections_OA/OA-G1_OEX_Recorder.htm (3877 words)

	Smiths Industries Flight Data/Cockpit Voice Recorders
		The first mandate for flight data recorder installations in the United States was issued by the Civil Aeronautics Board (the predecessor of today's Federal Aviation Administration) in the late 1950's.
		Crew voice recording was mandated in the early 1960's, and throughout the next two decades the number of data parameters and time duration of both cockpit voice and flight data recorded was increased.
		Data is distributed for storage and retrieval in internal mass memory, in removable storage (a Data Transfer Module or DTM) for routine maintenance, and with cockpit voice data in a crash-protected memory (CPM) to support incident analysis like the IDARS.
	www.ntsb.gov /events/symp_rec/proceedings/authors/brooks.htm (3358 words)

	Flight data recorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The flight data recorder (FDR) is a flight recorder used to record specific aircraft performance parameters.
		The first prototype FDR was produced in 1957 by Dr. David Warren of the then Aeronautical Research Laboratories of Australia.
		FDRs are usually located in the rear of the aircraft, typically in the tail.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flight_data_recorder (832 words)

	Solid-state digital flight data recorder - Patent 4409670
		In the analog foil recorders the parameter data to be recorded is in analog form, and is continuously recorded by engraving the value of the parameter on a metallic foil record with scribers.
		The high reliability recording is due both to the inherent reliability of the solid-state components, but also to the practicality of providing built-in test routines which periodically determine operation of the recorder through self health routines.
		The most recently sampled flight data is recorded in tact in the minor memory loop; the actual time duration of the minor loop being established based on that deemed most critical.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4409670.html (5094 words)

	Four Seconds Missing
		The study of the Flight Data Recorder, which investigators both official and unofficial hoped would yield distinct clues as to the cause of the fate of the plane, is, by its nature, a highly technical study.
		Soon after FDR data was first made public at the NTSB Baltimore hearing in December, 1997, retired TWA pilot and flight engineer, Howard Mann of Southold, pointed out that the last line of data (what came to be known as The Twleve Second Line) at 20:31:12 — or twelve seconds after 8:31 p.m.
		Schulze related that a big problem with the FDR data is that the times given for the multitude of readings on that tape are timed by synchronizing it with the time on the Cockpit Voice Recorder — even though the FDR does have data words for hours, minutes and seconds.
	hometown.aol.com /missiletwa800/foursecs.htm (1897 words)

	History
		Flight recorders have changed in design and airline usefulness over the past 40 years.
		The initial requirement of these newly mandated data recorders was to record the actual flight conditions of the aircraft, i.e., heading, altitude, airspeed, vertical accelerations, and time.
		Additionally, the data is easier to retrieve, and is readily available to assist in monitoring the performance of the aircraft, or during scheduled maintenance inspections.
	www.l-3ar.com /html/history.html (1492 words)

	flight data recorder for aviation
		The Midé/PSI Flight Data Recorder (FDR) is a low-cost, lightweight, autonomous, user-friendly flight data recorder that simplifies record-keeping and instruction.
		In either configuration, the FDR unit uses a Flash Memory card to record aircraft position, altitude (GPS and pressure), 3-axis magnetic heading, 3-axis acceleration, time, temperature, cockpit acoustics and intercom (audio recording can be switched on or off, as desired).
		The flight path display shows the relative heading of the aircraft, which is not to scale.
	www.mide.com /pdf_html/Flight_Data_Recorder.htm (546 words)

	NTSB - CVR & FDR
		Both recorders are installed in the most crash survivable part of the aircraft, usually the tail section.
		The recorder's "cockpit area microphone" is usually located on the overhead instrument panel between the two pilots.
		Both the Flight Data Recorder and the Cockpit Voice Recorder have proven to be valuable tools in the accident investigation process.
	www.ntsb.gov /aviation/CVR_FDR.htm (835 words)

	Flight Data Recorder Rule Change
		The purpose of an airplane flight data recorder system is to collect and record data from a variety of airplane sensors onto a medium designed to survive an accident.
		An example of the latter is using FDR data to monitor the condition of a high-hours engine.
		A flight data recorder (FDR) data frame is the order of the words that are transmitted from the digital flight data acquisition unit (DFDAU) to the digital FDR (DFDR) each second over many seconds (see ARINC 717 for additional information).
	www.boeing.com /commercial/aeromagazine/aero_02/textonly/s01txt.html (3821 words)

	Navray Co. \| Flight Data Recorder
		FDR-8000 series recorders are flight-proven, high performance data storage units built for operation within the Space Shuttle bay, on the aft flight deck, and aboard space platforms.
		The capacity of the FDR-8900 is 40 Gigabytes of uncompressed data.
		Verhaert, is using an FDR for the Russian FOTON spacecraft to record data from micro-gravity experiments including FLUIDPAC 2.
	home.cfl.rr.com /weverest/navray/fdr.html (480 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| STS-107 \| Temperature rose in wing earlier than known
		A data recorder recovered in the wreckage of the shuttle Columbia shows hot gas entered the leading edge of the spacecraft's left wing within 16 seconds of the point when the orbiter entered the region of maximum aerodynamic heating during re-entry Feb. 1.
		The recorder was recovered by search crews March 19 and after work to clean and stabilized the tape, engineers began work this weekend to examine what data might be present.
		While it is too soon to draw any concrete conclusions, the OEX recorder promises to provide a gold mine of new aerodynamic and thermal data to engineers trying to re-construct the devastating chain of events that led to Columbia's destruction.
	spaceflightnow.com /shuttle/sts107/030330oexdata (1222 words)

	Flight Data Recorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Flight Data Recorder is a straightforward Broker data stream recorder.
		It records the data available to the Broker into a file on disk, which can subsequently be played back to drive the same instruments and visual generators as during the original recording.
		The Flight Data Recorder can just be connected to the Broker and used for recording the current data stream without any further action.
	www.hoppie.nl /fdr (412 words)

	CNN.com - Damaged flight data recorder delays investigation - November 14, 2001
		The flight data recorder from American Airlines Flight 587 has a damaged memory module, which will delay gathering information about the crash, which left 262 dead in a Queens, New York, neighborhood.
		Investigators said Wednesday that the flight data recorder from an American Airlines jet that crashed into a Queens beach community Monday had been damaged.
		The flight data recorder, which was recovered from the crash site Tuesday, tracks the readings of 200 instruments.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/US/11/14/AA587.facts/index.html (330 words)

	Flight Data Recorder Processor - L-3 Communications: Electrodynamics, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Flight Data Recorder Processor (FDRP) receives key vehicle, subsystem, and environmental parameters from up to six MIL-STD-1553 buses, and stores formatted records in an external memory unit such as L-3/EDI's Crash Survivable Memory Unit.
		The FDRP formats records for incident and mishap investigation, including 15-minute and 12-hour periodic and 12-hour aperiodic circular buffers plus a 44-event circular buffer.
		Downloading of flight data can be performed at any time over the MIL-STD-1553 bus or a dedicated RS-422 channel.
	www.edi.l-3com.com /fdrp.htm (353 words)

	Eagle Tree Systems, LLC Flight Data Recorder
		Aside from keeping track of "glitches", the unit records battery voltages and stick inputs on 4 channels, as well as airspeed and altitude.
		I kept the flight short, a few laps of the field, a loop and a roll, and I brought her in.
		Once I was back in my nice warm office, I removed the Recorder from the plane and again hooked it up to the computer with the supplied USB cable.
	www.rcuniverse.com /magazine/article_display.cfm?article_id=253 (2542 words)

	Flight recorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A flight recorder is a recorder placed in an aircraft for the purpose of facilitating the investigation of an aircraft accident or incident.
		They are typically specified to withstand an impact of 3600 g and temperatures of over 1,000 °C. The first flight recorder was invented in 1953 in Australia, by Dr. David Warren when working with the Australian Research Laboratories.
		Access to the FDR and CVR is necessarily difficult because of the requirement that they survive an accident.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flight_recorder (459 words)

	Airdisaster.Com Forums - Flight Data Recorder
		My Question is, does a Flight Data Recorder, record an aircraft speed on the ground, that is acceleration and deceleration of the aircraft after it has touched down.
		FDRs have various means of starting and stopping the recording of data.
		There are others that start recording once the engine driven generators have assumed power from the APU or external sources.
	www.airdisaster.com /forums/showthread.php?t=52141 (181 words)

	Aircraft Displacement Transducers Supplement LVDTs
		The design, integration and installation of the flight data recorder requires modification to flight critical existing aircraft systems, such as flight controls, and installs instrumentation to provide signals to the flight data recorder.
		The FDR systems record aircraft and system parameters, highlighting the condition and performance of the aircraft prior to an accident.
		The preferred CVR and FDR systems for the Army are to be manufactured by L3 Communications Advanced Recorders (formerly Lockheed Martin Advanced Recorders).
	www.spaceagecontrol.com /newsfdr.htm (1382 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Black Boxes Work"
		Approximately one hour and 45 minutes into the flight, a problem was reported with the plane's stabilizer trim.
		In Flight 261, the FDR contained 48 parameters of flight data, and the CVR recorded a little more than 30 minutes of conversation and other audible cockpit noises.
		These recording devices, which cost between $10,000 and $15,000 each, reveal details of the events immediately preceding the accident.
	www.howstuffworks.com /black-box.htm (250 words)

	Calspan Systems Engineering Group - Data Recorders
		Calspan has developed a mini flight data recorder (MFDR) as a low-cost alternative over flight data recorders that cost much more, and are much bulkier than other found in the industry.
		The MDFR is ideal for recording the performance of small aircraft and can be used to study aircraft and pilot behavior.
		Calspan is heavily involved with the development of comprehensive functional specifications and requirements for crash event data recorders for heavy (commercial) vehicles.
	www.calspan.com /data.htm (298 words)

	9-11 Research: Flight 93 Transcript
		During the sentencing phase of the 2006 trial of Zacarias Moussaoui, the contents of the cocpit voice recorder of Flight 93 were played for the jury.
		On April 12, the government released a transcript of the recording, but not the recording itelf.
		The last entry in the transcript has the timestamp 10:03:09, consistent with the 9/11 Commission's story that the crash was at 10:03.
	911research.wtc7.net /planes/evidence/flight93cvr.html (358 words)

	Application Example: Flight Recorder Data Retrieval
		Quatech's MPAP-200/300 RS-422/485 synchronous serial PCMCIA card is currently being used to interface with the flight recorders found in a wide variety of military and commercial aircraft.
		The flight recorder, commonly known as the "little fl box" responsible for recording what went wrong during a tragic flight, is also responsible for recording maintenance, structural, and engine data.
		The recorder stores flight information and voice data in solid state memory.
	www.quatech.com /applications/flight_data_appex.php (175 words)

	ARINC \| Industry Activities \| AEEC \| Digital Flight Data Recorder (DFDR) Subcommittee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Goal: The goal of the DFDR Subcommittee is to ensure that aircraft flight data recording system standards meet airline operational needs and evolving regulatory requirements.
		A standardized data format would allow instant import of the data file, which would be consistent with having a standardized documentation file format, as described by Project Paper 647 (FRED files).
		A standardized data format will reduce the amount of readout equipment required for FDR data transcription.
	www.arinc.com /aeec/projects/dfdr (219 words)

	Flight Data Recorder with Video Compression and Data Compression Capabilities
		DATA - discrete sensors and full range analog channels with fully programmable dynamic range and sampling rate; COMMUNICATION and DATA BUS - options include: MIL-1553, RS422, RS232 and ARINC429.
		Features, specifications, weight, size and recording times can be adapted to meet aircraft requirements (call for assistance).
		Data Rate –56 Kbps to 2 Mbps (average data rate is 1 Mbps)
	www.poc.com /emerging_products/data_centric_rec/default.asp (606 words)

	R/C FLIGHT DATA RECORDER (RCFDR) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The data recording shown below was done with the heli stationary on a bench (without engine running) using the following set-up: Shuttle helicoptor, Hitec Supreme 8Ch FM receiver, Futaba 148 servos, 4-cell battery pack and Futaba 153BB Gyro.
		The rudder/gyro data indicates a pulse width between 1.05 and 2.055ms.
		Next step is to look at some actual flight data and failsafe data (on the bench of course!).
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/wallacelouie/gyro.htm (280 words)

	Mass. News: Flight 990's flight data recorder recovered
		The recorder, which could provide important clues to what caused the Boeing 767 to plunge into the Atlantic, was expected to be flown to the National Transportation Safety Board lab in Washington as soon as possible for analysis.
		Navy spokesman Chief Jack O'Neill confirmed the recovery of one of the two ``fl boxes'' from the flight but didn't know whether it was the flight data recorder or the cockpit voice recorder.
		But a source close to the investigation, speaking on condition of anonymity, said it was the data recorder.
	www.seacoastonline.com /1999news/11_9_sb1.htm (177 words)

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