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Topic: Flight recorder

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	Analysis of Flight 103 Cockpit Voice Recorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Although the resolution of the recorded time sources is high it was not possible to attach an accuracy of better than ±1 second due to possible errors in synchronising the recorded time with the associated standard.
		From the recorded radar data it was possible to determine that the last recorded SSR return was at 19.02:46.9 hrs and that by the next rotation of the radar head a number of primary returns, some left and right of track, were evident.
		When the loud sound was recorded on the CVR, the geographical position of the aircraft, based on the evidence of recorded data, was calculated to be within 525 metres of OS Grid Reference 14827826.
	www.panamair.org /OLDSITE/Accidents/cockvoice.htm (4867 words)

	Aviation Recorder Overview
		Recording should be intelligible over the ambient noise of the cockpit or it should be possible to filter out the unwanted noise from the record with appropriate ground equipment.
		Recorder should be capable of recording crew voices, other than on the communication and intercommunication systems, without the use of lip or throat microphones.
		Flight recording technology has had to adapt to a rapidly evolving commercial aviation industry, and the corresponding needs of accident investigators.
	www.ntsb.gov /Events/symp_rec/proceedings/authors/grossi.htm (5276 words)

	Flight data recorder may hold clues to suicide flight
		The voice recorder could offer dramatic insight into the possibility that Flight 93 met its end after a desperate struggle between passengers convinced that they were doomed and terrorists who had taken over the jetliner.
		The data recorder was discovered buried within the wedge-shaped crater that marks the impact of the plane.
		Responding to questions about recurring rumors that Flight 93 might have been shot down by a military aircraft in order to prevent it from reaching a strategic or more-populated target, Crowley said that no possibility was being ruled out at this early stage of the investigation.
	www.post-gazette.com /headlines/20010914scene0914p2.asp (1790 words)

	Flight recorder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A flight recorder is a recorder placed in an aircraft for the purpose of facilitating the investigation of an aircraft accident or incident.
		They are typically specified to withstand an impact of 3600 g and temperatures of over 1,000 °C. The first flight recorder was invented in 1953 in Australia, by Dr. David Warren when working with the Australian Research Laboratories.
		The QAR recording medium is readily removable and is designed to be read by equipment attached to a standard desktop computer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flight_recorder (459 words)

	History
		Flight recorders have changed in design and airline usefulness over the past 40 years.
		The initial requirement of these newly mandated data recorders was to record the actual flight conditions of the aircraft, i.e., heading, altitude, airspeed, vertical accelerations, and time.
		The FAA therefore produced a notice enforcing the removal of foil recorders, with the installation of digital recorders by May 1989, and the recording of five additional parameters by May 1994.
	www.l-3ar.com /html/history.html (1492 words)

	Flight 93 Hijack Transcript - April 12, 2006
		APRIL 12--This the transcript of the final moments of United Airlines Flight 93, as captured by the plane's cockpit voice recorder on September 11, 2001.
		Flight 93, which the hijackers apparently planned to ram into the U.S. Capitol, crashed in a Pennsylvania field after passengers sought to storm the cockpit and recapture the plane from the four hijackers.
		In addition to the cockpit recording, prosecutors today presented jurors with an oversize exhibit containing photos of all but 92 of the nearly 3000 victims killed during the 2001 terrorist attacks.
	www.thesmokinggun.com /archive/0412061hijack1.html (287 words)

	Cumulus Soaring, Inc.-Flight Computer Comparison (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This is a slight disadvantage when compared to other flight computer systems because they allow the user to enter a task into the flight computer and it then makes the task declaration in the flight recorder.
		GPS data and flight data (airspeed and vario data) are sent from the B500 to the soaring flight software on the PDA.
		The GPS output from the GPS flight recorder is not sent to the PDA in flight.
	www.soarmn.com /cumulus/flightcomputers.htm (4383 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| STS-107 \| Temperature rose in wing earlier than known
		A data recorder recovered in the wreckage of the shuttle Columbia shows hot gas entered the leading edge of the spacecraft's left wing within 16 seconds of the point when the orbiter entered the region of maximum aerodynamic heating during re-entry Feb. 1.
		The recorder was recovered by search crews March 19 and after work to clean and stabilized the tape, engineers began work this weekend to examine what data might be present.
		While it is too soon to draw any concrete conclusions, the OEX recorder promises to provide a gold mine of new aerodynamic and thermal data to engineers trying to re-construct the devastating chain of events that led to Columbia's destruction.
	spaceflightnow.com /shuttle/sts107/030330oexdata (1151 words)

	GPS-NAV Secure Flight Data Recorder
		When the Flight Recorder is running with a Pocket-NAV and GPS Display connected, there will be occasional interruptions of the NMEA data transmission to the L-NAV and the Pocket-NAV.
		However, If a flight log is being recorded at midnight UTC, December 31 at the beginning or end of a leap year, the flight log is divided into two parts.
		Flight logs from a contest can be transferred to the PC and checked in less than two minutes.
	www.cambridge-aero.com /gpsNAV.htm (1597 words)

	9/11: Flight 93 Flight Recorder Transcript
		The recording, played before a rapt federal court jury that will decide whether the terrorist Zacarias Moussaoui should be put to death or spend the rest of his days in prison, offered a partial but still harrowing picture of what went on between 9:31 a.m.
		Long silences in the 31-minute recording were punctuated by the cries of the hijackers at the controls, the passengers who were trying desperately to break down the cockpit door and the crashing of objects around the cabin.
		One was Lorne Lyles, the husband of CeeCee Lyles, a flight attendant on Flight 93.
	www.mishalov.com /wtc-flight-93-transcript.html (5090 words)

	FAR Part § 121.343: Flight recorders -- FAA FARS, 14 CFR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		(g) Whenever a flight recorder required by this section is installed, it must be operated continuously from the instant the airplane begins the takeoff roll until it has completed the landing roll at an airport.
		A total of 1 hour of recorded data may be erased for the purpose of testing the flight recorder or the flight recorder system.
		(c) of this chapter unless it is equipped with one or more approved flight data recorders that utilize a digital method of recording and storing data and a method of readily retrieving that data from the storage medium.
	www.flightsimaviation.com /data/FARS/part_121-343.html (819 words)

	Flight Data Recorder Rule Change
		The purpose of an airplane flight data recorder system is to collect and record data from a variety of airplane sensors onto a medium designed to survive an accident.
		Most of these airplanes record almost all the 22 parameter groups, some of which operators may ask Boeing to remove to save weight or to avoid maintenance costs if a parameter group is not required by a particular country's regulatory agency.
		The additional parameter groups required to be recorded include the addition of flight control surface positions and flight control inputs for all three axes, lateral acceleration, and autopilot engagement status.
	www.boeing.com /commercial/aeromagazine/aero_02/textonly/s01txt.html (3821 words)

	Flight 77 Black Boxes - 9-11Review
		The recorders are now at the National Transportation Safety Board laboratory in Washington, where technicians are working to recover data on the recorders.
		If the cockpit voice data recorder was unrecoverable, it would be the first time in aviation history a solid-state data recorder (the type used on Flight 77) was unrecoverable after a crash.
		Of course, as Flight 77 was not the plane involved in the Pentagon Attack, it's fl boxes would presumably show that, and the government would be very reluctant to allow the data to be examined, or allow the NTSB to carry out the investigation of the crash that is required by law.
	911review.org /Wiki/Flight77BlackBoxes.shtml (630 words)

	Cumulus Soaring, Inc.- Flight Recorder Comparison (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		GPS Flight Recorders (sometimes called loggers) consist of a GPS, a pressure transducer (used to measure altitude), a processor, and memory chips that are used to record the GPS position and pressure altitude every few seconds.
		If you are accustomed to documenting your soaring flights using a camera and barograph you will find that the use of an IGC approve flight recorder will make your badge and record flying documentation much, much easier for yourself and especially for your Official Observer.
		Theoretically, you could use the EasyMatchBox as a stand-alone GPS Flight Recorder, but that is not common because you would be missing out on many of its other powerful functions (variometer, etc.) which required a display screen.
	www.soarmn.com /cumulus/flightrecorders.htm (3243 words)

	USATODAY.com - Flight 990's flight data recorder recovered (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The flight recorder captures information from 55 systems on the jet, telling investigators such things as the plane's altitude, speed, spin, roll, when electrical power was cut off and how the autopilot functioned.
		The remote-controlled robot had been focused on the pinging signal emitted by the recorder, but Navy technicians watching video of the wreckage spotted the recorder nearby and maneuvered the robot to retrieve it.
		In this case, the search for the other recorder was complicated because it was unclear whether a pinging sound that technicians were picking up was from the still-missing fl box or from the detached transmitter.
	www.usatoday.com /news/science/astro/egypt-air-data-recorder.htm (636 words)

	Appareo Systems - Flight Recorder GAU 1000P
		Appareo's AS Flight Recorder improves upon GPS technology by utilizing MEMS gyroscopes, accelerometers, barometric pressure, and a solid state compass.
		This flight recorder is engineered for General Aviation and designed with affordability in mind.
		The most portable Flight Recorder available, with a rugged, rechargeable, lithium ion battery the GAU 1000 will record on battery power for 2½.
	www.appareo.com /php/product.php?product=21 (351 words)

	CNN - NTSB: Last seconds of data pulled from EgyptAir flight recorder - November 17, 1999
		The flight data recorder showed the elevator controls at the pilot's seat were set for a nose-up position, while the controls at the co-pilot's seat were set for a nose-down position, but they were almost back to normal when the recorder stopped
		At this earlier point in the flight, the controls at the pilot's seat were set for a nose-up position while the controls at the co-pilot's seat were set for a nose-down position, officials said.
		The flight recorder data also show that the speedbreak, a device used to slow the plane, was deployed as the captain apparently tried to recover from the dive.
	www.cnn.com /US/9911/17/egyptair.05/index.html (1629 words)

	RIA Novosti - World - Flight recorder sheds no light on Armenia A-320 crash - official
		She said the flight recorders had held information about eight flights made by the plane April 30-May 3, including the fatal trip.
		Russia's Transportation Ministry said in a statement earlier Monday that the plane had enough fuel to complete the flight safely, and that the autopilot was off in the last minute.
		The recorder had captured 33 minutes of exchanges between the pilot of the plane and air traffic controllers at Russia's southern Adler airport, outside the popular resort of Sochi, where the plane was heading.
	en.rian.ru /world/20060619/49737700.html (391 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Black Boxes Work"
		Approximately one hour and 45 minutes into the flight, a problem was reported with the plane's stabilizer trim.
		In Flight 261, the FDR contained 48 parameters of flight data, and the CVR recorded a little more than 30 minutes of conversation and other audible cockpit noises.
		These recording devices, which cost between $10,000 and $15,000 each, reveal details of the events immediately preceding the accident.
	www.howstuffworks.com /black-box.htm (250 words)

	ABC News: Shuttle's Flight Recorder Found
		March 19, 2003 NASA investigators today recovered the flight recorder of the space shuttle Columbia, giving them new hope that they may be able to determine what caused the ship's breakup.
		Though the recorder's shell is intact, investigators do not know whether the tape itself has been damaged.
		Still, officials from the Columbia accident investigation board are encouraged by the finding and hope the flight recorder will give new clues into what caused the Feb. 1 break up over Texas that killed all seven astronauts aboard.
	abcnews.go.com /US/story?id=90760 (362 words)

	Nav22 - Official Home Page
		Flight Data Recorder is used by a lot of virtual pilots arround the world for various pourpouses, but the most common one is when a virtual airline wants to evaluate the performance of their virtual pilots.
		In principal this is good news to NAV becase in the last years I've been moving all NAV2X database, flight plan, recorded flights etc to XML space.
		Flight plans are segments between points, they can be arcs or straight lines.
	www.avsim.com /hangar/utils/nav (2071 words)

	ARINC \| Industry Activities \| AEEC \| Flight Recorder Electronic Documentation (FRED) Subcommittee
		Scope: The scope of this activity was to prepare a specification for the methodology to describe the format of stored data on a flight data recorder and to store the documentation in an electronic form on the recorder.
		Benefit: Prior to the readout of data from current flight data recorders, a map of the data structure must be acquired to determine the types and location of data, the timing and the engineering units.
		If standard means for defining a method to develop a data map and to store it on a flight data recorder were prepared, the process of determining the data structure will be simplified for accident investigators.
	www.arinc.com /aeec/projects/fred/index.html (325 words)

	PC Flight Evaluation Software
		The new PC based Cambridge Aero Explorer flight recorder management software provides a simple user interface for viewing single and multiple flights.
		It will also facilitate easily downloading of flight logs, downloading and uploading waypoint files, as well as viewing single and multiple flights.
		The CAI Utility allows you to: transfer flight logs, transfer waypoints and tasks, configure your GPS-NAV (set the pilot name, units, control point radius etc.), and create and edit waypoint and task files.
	www.cambridge-aero.com /CA_explorer.htm (643 words)

	David Warren: Black Box Flight Recorder
		It was Dr David Warren who first thought of the idea for a machine that would record the voices and instrument readings in the cockpit of an aeroplane.
		David Warren thought that a recording of the pilot and other members of the flight crew, as well as instrument readings at the time of the crash, might give clues as to the cause of a crash.
		It was named the "ARL Flight Memory Unit" and was produced in 1957.
	www.kidcyber.com.au /topics/blackbox.html (443 words)

	Helicopter Flight System Recorder
		Unit records all receiver telemetry as you fly including servo positions, failsafe settings, RF signal strength and quality, battery voltage as well as aircraft orientation from data generated by FS8 Co Pilot.
		Recording re-circulates through memory, automatically overwriting the oldest data.
		Upon landing, contents of Flight Recorder may be uploaded to the Flight Systems Viewer Software (included with purchase of any 1108FM receiver of FS8CP Flight System).
	www.helihobby.com /html/helicopter_flight_system_recor.html (415 words)

	Comments on the Flight Recorder Proposal Air Safety Week - Find Articles
		"Deployable recorders are complementary to fixed recorders as they protect the data in a different way: leaving the crash site versus attempting to survive the crash and post-crash environment.
		In this scenario, redundancy is provided like seatbelts and airbags protect a passenger of an automobile in different ways, increasing their survival rate more than two seatbelts or two airbags would.
		In this accident, the aft-mounted FDR was destroyed by fire while the unprotected quick-access recorder mounted below the cockpit survived.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0UBT/is_2005_August_1/ai_n14844674 (794 words)

	Another Flight Recorder Failure Air Safety Week - Find Articles
		U.S. analysts found no information on the flight data recorder (FDR) recovered from the Kam Air B737 that crashed in Afghanistan near Kabul Feb. 3 in the middle of a snowstorm, killing all aboard (see ASW, Feb. 7, and Feb 14).
		"The device has no records on it 25 hours before the crash time and the reason for that is not known," said Qurban Badakhshi, flight safety director at the Afghan Ministry of Transportation.
		The cockpit voice recorder (CVR) was not found, so at this point investigators have neither voice nor data from the accident aircraft.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0UBT/is_2005_April_18/ai_n13632342 (152 words)

	Eagle Tree –R/C UAV RPV RC Model Aircraft Telemetry data logger GPS logger GPS telemetry MicroPower elogger ...
		Our USB Flight Data Recorder system is perfect for those who only need to see their data after the flight, but not in real time.
		The tiny onboard unit records up to 16 channels of data from your model, and comes with Windows software for flight download, playback and graphing.
		Purchase the Seagull Flight System for the first plane, and purchase the Recorder above and the transmitter for the remaining planes.
	www.eagletreesystems.com /Plane/plane.html (1288 words)

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