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	Flightless Birds - MSN Encarta
		Flightless Birds, diverse group of birds whose ancestors have given up the power of flight, enabling the exploitation of specific terrestrial and aquatic niches within the environment.
		A common characteristic of flightless birds is the incubation of eggs by the male, the large size of the eggs, and often their number.
		It is thought that flightless birds evolved from flying ancestors, and the closest-living relative to the ratites is the tinamou, a mainly ground-dwelling bird.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_781538858/Flightless_Birds.html (783 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Flightless bird
		The best-known flightless birds are the ostrich, emu, cassowary, rhea and penguins.
		It is believed by some that most flightless birds evolved in the absence of predators, on islands, and lost the power of flight because they had few enemies--although this likely not the case for the ratites; the ostrich, emu and cassowary, as all have claws on their feet/birds to use as a weapon against predators.
		The largest (both heaviest and tallest) flightless bird, which is also the largest living bird, is the Ostrich (2.7 m, 156 kg)[3] (although the largest moas where up to 13 feet tall and could have weighed around 400kg).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Flightless-bird (946 words)

	Flightless cormorant - Phalacrocorax harrisi: More Information - ARKive
		Like other flightless birds, the sternum (breastbone) has lost the pronounced keel, which in most birds is the site of attachment for the well-developed flight muscles (3).
		The upperparts of the flightless cormorant are flish and the underparts are brown.
		Livezey, B.C. (1992) Flightlessness in the Galapagos cormorant (Compsohalieus [Nannopterum] harrisi): heterochrony, gigantism and specialisation.
	www.arkive.org /species/GES/birds/Phalacrocorax_harrisi/more_info.html (1127 words)

	Flightless bird - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The best-known flightless birds are the ostrich, emu, cassowary, rhea and penguins.
		Two key differences between flying and flightless birds are the smaller wing bones of flightless birds and the absent (or greatly reduced) keel on their breastbone.
		Flightless birds are the easiest to take care of in captivity because they do not have to be caged.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flightless_bird (364 words)

	Flightless Birds - info and online games
		The smallest flightless bird is the Inaccessible Island Rail (12.5 cm and 34.7 g).
		The largest - heaviest and tallest - flightless bird (and, incidentally, the largest living bird) is the ostrich (2.7 m and 156 kg)[3].
		Flightless birds are the easiest to take care of in captitivity because they do not have to be kept in cages.
	www.sheppardsoftware.com /content/animals/groups/profile_long_flightless_birds.htm (294 words)

	Galapagos Flightless cormorant - birdwatching - nature - Galapagos Cruises (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Galapagos flightless cormorant evolved in an isolated island environment that was free of predators.The birds had no need to fly and eventually became flightless.
		The flightless cormorant (Nannopterum harrisi) is the only cormorant (family Phalacrocoracidae) found in the Galapagos, and of the 27-28 cormorant species world-wide, it is the only one that has lost the ability to fly.
		Flightless cormorants have a complex courtship behavior which begins in the water and then continues on shore.
	www.galapagoscruise.com.ec /index.pl/galapagos-flightless-cormorant (513 words)

	flightless - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Penguin, common name for 17 species of flightless seabirds widely distributed in cooler waters and along coastlines in the Southern Hemisphere....
		running birds, flightless species, main article on birds, pictures of flightless birds, skeletons of flightless birds, tinamou, related to ratite...
		Kakapo, rare, flightless parrot found on the North and South islands of New Zealand.
	encarta.msn.com /flightless.html (100 words)

	The Bird Site: Flightless Birds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The wing bones of flightless birds are relatively small.
		Flightless birds have a flat breastbone or a greatly reduced keel.
		Flightlessness is an adaptation that usually evolves on islands where predators are absent.
	www.nhm.org /birds/guide/pg019a.html (141 words)

	Flightless
		The Kakapo, native to New Zealand, is a large flightless parrot that was almost wiped out by people and introduced species.
		I am a flightless seabird and when I am an adult I will weigh about 6 1/2 pounds and I will be about 28 inches tall.
		A layer of fossils thought to be between 2000 and 3000 years old is telling scientists about the environment of the Dodo bird long before humans came to Mauritius.
	www.suite101.com /reference/flightless (211 words)

	A-1 Reptiles Flightless Fruit Fly Care
		Flightless fruit flies are a perfect feeder insect for smaller reptiles, amphibians or insects such as baby chameleons, frogs, Paroedura Pictus, Bearded Dragons, Praying Mantis, spiderlings, etc.
		If you are using Hydei flightless fruit flies, start a new culture when the original is ten days old and before any flies are removed for any other purposes.
		Flightless fruit flies can be raised on a variety of fermenting plant materials but using prepared medium, preferably with a mold retardant, is the easiest.
	www.a1reptiles.net /FlightlessFruitFlyCareSheet.html (779 words)

	TerraNature \| New Zealand Ecology - Flightless birds
		The flightless birds of New Zealand are a principal feature of the 'edge ecology' of the country.
		The weka is another endemic flightless rail that was abundant until the 1980s, but has since been in rapid decline.
		Flightless bird's are a substantial portion of the 43 percent of New Zealand's bird fauna that has become extinct since human settlement in the 13th century.
	www.terranature.org /flightlessBirds.htm (996 words)

	flightless birds
		Ratite is the common term for a variety of flightless birds characterized by a flat, raftlike sternum rather than the keeled sternum, designed to support flight muscles, typical of most birds.
		The flightless penguins are not ratites, since they have neither bony palate nor flat breastbone.
		The moa is an extinct flightless bird of New Zealand.
	www.angelfire.com /oh5/flightlessbirds (1270 words)

	Flightless Birds - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Flightless Birds, diverse group of birds whose ancestors have given up the power of flight, enabling the exploitation of specific terrestrial and...
		The sense of smell is known to be well developed in only a few kinds of birds, but to these few it is very important.
		It is not only flightless birds that nest on the ground; many waders, waterfowl, and game birds do so.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Flightless_Birds.html (115 words)

	Which Birds are Flightless?
		The ratites are among the largest of the flightless bird species, and they have well developed muscular legs with heavy claws to kick, claw, and defend themselves with.
		The penguin, another flightless bird, can be found in many nations, and certain species of duck, teal, grebe, rail, and cormorant are also flightless.
		Some flightless birds, such as the emu, are cultivated for their meat, eggs, or feathers.
	www.wisegeek.com /which-birds-are-flightless.htm (445 words)

	Flightless Cormorant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Flightless Cormorant (Phalacrocorax harrisi), also known as the Galapagos Cormorant, is a cormorant native to the Galapagos Islands.
		The Flightless Cormorant is the largest member of its family, 89–100 cm in length and weighing 2.5–4.0 kg, and its wings are about one-third the size that would be required for a bird of its proportions to fly.
		Livezey, B.C. (1992) Flightlessness in the Galapagos cormorant (Compsohalieus [Nannopterum] harrisi): heterochrony, gigantism and specialisation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flightless_Cormorant (1054 words)

	SDNHM Fossil Mysteries Field Guide: Flightless auk
		Scientists postulate that flightless birds most likely evolved in conditions where there was an abundant and regular supply of food, and a lack of predators, or at least where predators were rarely encountered.
		The physical mechanism for this transformation to flightlessness may have simply involved the alteration of a few genes that control development, so that the adult bird has many features of the flightless young chick.
		In flightless birds feathers typically are more open and less tightly constructed and the bird's overall size tends to become larger, with a bigger pelvic region and hind legs.
	www.sdnhm.org /exhibits/mystery/fg_flightlessauk.html (797 words)

	Flightless Cormorant
		They are only found on the coastline of Fernandina and the northwestern shore of Isabela, where there are upwellings of the cold Cromwell and Humboldt currents.
		The flightless cormorant is among the rarest of the Galapagos sea birds with a population size of only around 800 pairs.
		Flightless cormorants preserve this behavior, and it is not uncommon to see them standing with their stunted, scruffy-looking wings held out.
	www.rit.edu /~rhrsbi/GalapagosPages/Cormorant.html (575 words)

	Flightless Dung Beetle (Aulacopris matthewsi) - Unsuccessful listing advice
		The main vulnerability of the Flightless Dung Beetle would appear to be the possibility of random catastrophic events which can have great impacts on a population found with a very restricted distribution.
		There is no information on the population size of the Flightless Dung Beetle, except that 44 specimens were trapped at one site and one specimen was taken at each of two other sites, and the species maybe relatively common at these sites.
		TSSC recommends that the species Aulacopris matthewsi (Flightless Dung Beetle) is not eligible for inclusion in the list referred to in section 178 of the EPBC Act.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/threatened/species/aulacopris-matthewsi.html (723 words)

	Flightless Sawfly (Clarissa tasbates) - Unsuccessful listing advice
		The Flightless Sawfly may have a restricted distribution, but in the location where it has found, it can be considered to be secure as no specific threats have been identified.
		The Flightless Sawfly is known currently from one location, indicating it may have a restricted distribution, but more surveys of suitable habitat are needed before the actual distribution is known.
		TSSC recommends that the species Clarissa tasbates (Flightless Sawfly) is not eligible for inclusion in the list referred to in section 178 of the EPBC Act.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/threatened/species/clarissa-tasbates.html (727 words)

	Birds - Flightless Birds
		It's a skill they shouldn't have given up, considering the number of 'flightless birds' that are now extinct.
		Other species are known to be flightless (penguins, for example), but they are not classified as ratites.
		On oceanic islands, there are (or once were) flightless cormorants, grebes and rails.
	www.iwrc-online.org /kids/Facts/Birds/flightless.htm (248 words)

	Rare Flightless Flies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Most species of flies that are flightless have their wings reduced or narrowed to some extent, while others in the most extreme environmentrs such as subantarctic islands have their wings absent altogether and look a lot like ants.
		Flightlessness in Hawaiian flies occurs in the families Limoniidae (crane-flies) and Dolichopodidae (long-legged flies).
		It is thought that the other four species of Emperoptera have gone extinct due to the introduction of predaceous ants and the damage to their fragile forest habitat by pigs.
	hbs.bishopmuseum.org /bishop/hbsimages/flightless-flies.html (187 words)

	Flightless Birds Cartoons
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		Related topics: flightless birds, therapy, flight, fly, flying, bird, birds, balloon, balloons, therapist, therapists, therapeutic, flightless, flew, flown, emu, ostrich, emu's, ostrich's, ostriches,
	www.cartoonstock.com /directory/f/flightless_birds.asp (560 words)

	TerraNature \| New Zealand Ecology - Wren
		Three of New Zealand's extinct wrens were the only flightless songbirds, and the smallest flightless birds in the world.
		Thought to be the only flightless songbird in the world to be seen by Europeans, the Stephens Island wren was swept from the mainland by the Pacific rats that exterminated its two flightless relatives - the thick-thighed and long billed wrens - hundreds of years before..."
		The rifleman is not flightless, but it is a poor flier, and stays within a limited territory.
	www.terranature.org /wren.htm (1122 words)

	World of Carnivores - Flightless Fruit Flies - Fruit Fly Culture - Automated Ordering
		Flightless Fruit Flies are an excellent food source for small fish, reptiles, amphibians and carnivorous plants.
		Thereafter every 8 weeks you will be billed the exact same amount and sent the number of Flightless Fruit Fly Cultures you specified.
		There is a flat $3.90 shipping charge for up to three flightless fly cultures anywhere in the continental US.
	www.world-of-carnivores.com /flightless_flies.html (394 words)

	Flightless Cormorants
		As the name suggests, the flightless cormorant is another bird species in the world that cannot fly.
		Albeit both penguins and flightless cormorants choose to trade the skill of flying with swimming, they have different styles — penguins like to use their wings as peddles, and flightless cormorants prefer to give out powerful kicks with their feet.
		Flightless cormorants usually stay within 330 feet from the coastline.
	www.edhelper.com /AnimalReadingComprehension_127_1.html (263 words)

	Flightless Bird Pages to Color Online - EnchantedLearning.com
		Many flightless birds evolved on islands that had few predators from which the birds needed to escape.
		The dodo is an extinct, flightless bird that lived on an island in the Indian Ocean near Africa.
		This flightless bird is extinct, but it lived in New Zealand until the early 1800's.
	www.zoomschool.com /painting/Flightless.shtml (328 words)

	Amazon.com: flightless: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Empty nest syndrome: Hawaii's forests were once home to flightless ducks and long-legged owls, both now extinct.
		Flightless birds by A. Hyatt Verrill (Unknown Binding - 1938)
		Flightless birds: An entry from Thomson Gale's Gale Encyclopedia of Science, 3rd ed.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=flightless&tag=540-20&index=books&link_code=qs&page=1 (569 words)

	UNEP-WCMC - Flightless Cormorant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		This is the only flightless member of the cormorant family.
		Harcourt, S.A. Report on a Census of the Flightless Cormorant and Galápagos Penguin.
		Valle, C.A. Status of the Galápagos Penguin and Flightless Cormorant Populations in 1985.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /species/data/species_sheets/flightle.htm (528 words)

	Planet Ark : New Flightless Bird Species Found Off Philippines
		The rare find is dramatic as flightless birds on small islands are especially vulnerable to extinction from human activities.
		So when humans first arrived on small islands in the past, they found the flightless birds to be easy sources of protein and often wiped them out - with the dodo of the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius being the most famous.
		Eighteen of the 20 living species of flightless rail are considered to be threatened.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/26641/story.htm (611 words)

	Flightless Bird Printouts - EnchantedLearning.com
		Flightless birds evolved from birds that could fly.
		The biggest flightless birds alive today are the ostrich, the northern cassowary, the emu, the greater rhea, and the emperor penguin.
		The Common Rhea or Nandu is a large, flightless bird from South America.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/birds/printouts/Flightless.shtml (329 words)

	flightless birds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Flightless birds on the whole have shorter wings, symmetrical feathers, more feathers growing other the entire body rather than just in feather tracks to eliminate excess weight, a greatly reduced keel, and a flat breastbone.
		Flightless birds include ostrichs, emus, cassowaries, penguins, nandus, kiwis, rheas, and kakapos.
		Extinct flightless birds include dodos, moas, and dinornises.
	www.themosh.org /psd2003/flightatoz/showtopic.asp?id=21 (89 words)

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