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Topic: Floor function

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	Floor function - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Being a piecewise constant function, its derivative is zero where it exists, that is, at all points which are not integers.
		In fancy language: the floor function is part of a Galois connection; it is the upper adjoint of the function that embeds the integers into the reals.
		The floor and ceiling function are usually typeset with left and right square brackets where the upper (for floor function) or lower (for ceiling function) horizontal bars are missing, and, e.g., in the LaTeX typesetting system these symbols can be constructed with the \lfloor, \rfloor, \lceil and \rceil commands.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Floor_function (716 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Trigonometric function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In mathematics, the trigonometric functions are functions of an angle, important when studying triangles and modeling periodic phenomena.
		The earliest systematic study of trigonometric functions and tabulation of their values was performed by Hipparchus of Nicaea (180-125 BC), who tabulated the lengths of circle arcs (angle A times radius r) with the lengths of the subtending chords (2r sin(A/2)).
		The computation of trigonometric functions is a complicated subject, which can today be avoided by most people because of the widespread availability of computers and scientific calculators that provide built-in trigonometric functions for any angle.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Trigonometric_function (3250 words)

	Floor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In most of Europe, and thus in British and Commonwealth usage, the floor at the ground level is the ground floor, and the floor above is the first floor, which maintains the continental European use dating from the days of the construction of palaces.
		The principal floor is the story which contains the chief apartments, whether on the ground floor or the floor above; in Italy they are always on the latter and known as the piano nobile.
		The story below the ground floor is called the basement even if only a little below ground level, or the cellar; the story in a roof is known as the attic or the loft.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Floor (359 words)

	CLHS: Function FLOOR, FFLOOR, CEILING, FCEILING...
		quotient---for floor, ceiling, truncate, and round: an integer; for ffloor, fceiling, ftruncate, and fround: a float.
		floor and ffloor produce a quotient that has been truncated toward negative infinity; that is, the quotient represents the largest mathematical integer that is not larger than the mathematical quotient.
		(where function is any of one of floor, ceiling, ffloor, fceiling, truncate, round, ftruncate, and fround) return the same first value, but they return different remainders as the second value.
	www.lispworks.com /documentation/HyperSpec/Body/f_floorc.htm (401 words)

	Floor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Floors embedded in mortgage agreements may limit the amount of downward change in the rate of interest at each adjustment period and provide a fixed minimum below which the rate cannot drop during the life of the loan.
		Floors in buildings are often renamed or renumbered depending on the superstitions of the local population.
		In mathematics, the floor function is the function defined as follows: for a real number x, floor(x) is the largest integer less than or equal to x.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.com /definition/english/fl/floor.html (3874 words)

	Common Lisp Extensions - Numerical Functions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This function returns the Greatest Common Divisor of the arguments.
		This function returns the Least Common Multiple of the arguments.
		This function computes the "integer square root" of its integer argument, i.e., the greatest integer less than or equal to the true square root of the argument.
	www.ecs.soton.ac.uk /docs/gnu/emacs/cl_42.htm (374 words)

	Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math
		The function "floor" rounds down, and "fix" rounds towards 0.
		"Floor" used to be denoted with brackets, [x], but now it has a notation similar to the ceiling function, a bracket with the upper flange missing.
		Date: 10/14/2004 at 23:47:31 From: Cristian Subject: Additional comments Note that floor has a dual notation, because it can be used to pair-up with two different things: x = [x] + {x} to reflect the separation of the integer and (positive) fractional part of a real number x, and respectively _x_
	mathforum.org /library/drmath/view/61697.html (334 words)

	MUG: Floor function, to extract the arguments (20.3.01)
		I want to extract 1 / 2 + 1 / 2 * sqrt(1 + 120 * x) from inside of the floor function and then combine it with the existing (-1) that is outside of the floor function.
		If the coefficient of floor is anything else, you will need to take more care in creating the output.
		This finds all floor functions and replaces them with a procedure which just returns its first argument.
	www.math.rwth-aachen.de /mapleAnswers/html/1288.html (432 words)

	The Floor Function
		The latter notation for the floor function and its companion for the ceiling function were introduced by Kenneth Iverson in the early 1960s.
		Following is a couple of examples where the floor function plays a very meaningful role.
		The graph of the floor function consists of a sequence of unit intervals parallel to the x axis.
	www.cut-the-knot.org /arithmetic/whole_part.shtml (619 words)

	floor(), floorf() -- round to largest integral value not greater than x
		floor(), floorf() -- round to largest integral value not greater than x
		functions return the largest integral value less than or equal to x.
		function returns the largest integral value not greater than x, expressed as a double.
	www.mkssoftware.com /docs/man3/floor.3.asp (47 words)

	Ground Floor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Floor numbering in a building can cause misunderstandings between speakers of different varieties of the English language.
		Ground floor consists of a large kitchen and living area, dining and lounge area, a bedroom and a bathroom, pool and lanai, utility room, and large double garage.
		The Ground Floor is a coffeehouse and venue for the arts.
	www.pafund.com /Ground-Floor.html (503 words)

	RedOrbit - Health - Evaluation of Female Pelvic-Floor Muscle Function and Strength (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Evaluation of pelvic-floor muscle (PFM) function and strength is necessary (1) to be able to teach and give feedback regarding a woman's ability to contract the PFM and (2) to document changes in PFM function and strength throughout intervention.
		The aims of this article are to give an overview of methods to assess PFM function and strength and to discuss the responsiveness, reliability, and validity of data obtained with the methods available for clinical practice and research today.
		A stretched and weak pelvic floor may be positioned lower within the pelvis compared with a well- trained or noninjured pelvic floor.27 The time for stretched muscles to reach an optimal contraction may be too slow to be effective in preventing descent against increased abdominal pressure (eg, sneeze), thereby allowing leakage to occur.
	www.redorbit.com /news/display/?id=134471&source=r_health (7264 words)

	floor function
		This function returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to the argument for float arguments and returns the result.
		For complex arguments, the function is defined as follows:
		If the argument is of type int, it is first converted to float by the compiler.
	www.ultrafractal.com /help/writing/reference/functions/floor.html (54 words)

	floor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The floor() function computes the largest integral value not greater than x.
		The integral value returned by floor() as a double might not be expressible as an int or long int.
		The return value should be tested before assigning it to an integer type to avoid the undefined results of an integer overflow.
	www.opengroup.org /onlinepubs/007908799/xsh/floor.html (169 words)

	Floor Resource - Biggest floor resource on the Internet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Floor Covering Direct From Dalton, GA Floor Covering Wholesale direct from Dalton, GA at Capri Carpet Mills.
		Dramatic and Functional Floor Lamps by Adesso and Holmes are the perfect accent lighting for any room in your home.
		The 17th Floor provides total outsourcing of procurement services to small and medium size businesses and will serve as an extension to the purchasing arm of large businesses.
	floor.dont-drop.info (838 words)

	Igitur-archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A normal pelvic floor function is required to allow normal micturition, defecation, sexuality and vaginal delivery.
		Micturition symptoms, defecation symptoms and sexual dysfunction are all signs of impaired pelvic floor function.
		This can only be established by studying the effects of different types of genital prolapse surgery and hysterectomy on pelvic floor function.
	igitur-archive.library.uu.nl /dissertations/1957893/UUindex.html (272 words)

	need to use floor() function in access - dBforums
		Problem is trying to use the Floor function within a query...
		That requires SQL functions to which Floor is not one of them.
		There migth be a way to pass-through the query direct to ODBC provider where floor function might work.
	www.dbforums.com /showthread.php?t=966895 (921 words)

	Floor MathReals Function -- Entisoft Tools 2.0 Object Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Note: The IntReal function is a more specific version of Floor.
		Function returns Null if vNumber is Null or cannot be fixed up to a number.
		Note: With a precision of 1 (one), function returns the largest integer less than or equal to vNumber, which is equivalent to the IntReal function.
	www.entisoft.com /estools/MathReals_Floor.HTML (140 words)

	Help Needed With Floor Function - GIDForums
		//*********************************** // function floor*: // This function returns the floor * // of the integer passed to it.
		The comments are irrelevant to this function (and incorrect for any version of floor() that I have ever seen).
		The function floor() that you are calling is part of the C Standard math library.
	www.gidforums.com /t-4096.html (897 words)

	Mathwords: Floor Function
		A step function of x which is the greatest integer less than or equal to x.
		The floor function is written a number of different ways: with special brackets
		Ceiling function (also known as least integer function)
	www.mathwords.com /f/floor_function.htm (46 words)

	nrich.maths.org::Mathematics Enrichment::NRICH
		Plugging this into your equation, we see that it shows that at integers, the function is equal to that integer, and it is equal to that integer until the next integer.
		The reason this works is that atan(x) picks out the principal branch of the inverse to tan, i.e.
		I can't take credit for it, because it is not mine, i god it from mathworld.wolfram.com, While doing some research on the floor function.
	nrich.maths.org /askedNRICH/edited/3225.html (665 words)

	Floors and Flooring (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Old floor got you down … sheet be replaced which is why some prefer tile over sheeting.
		Before installing your hardwood floor, make sure that the sub-floor is secure, clean, level and free of squeaks.
		Vinyl flooring is sold in 6′ and 12′ widths, making it possible to install a seamless floor in smaller rooms such as bathrooms, halls, and kitchens.
	flooring.for-your-home.info (1686 words)

	FLOOR Function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The FLOOR function returns the greatest INTEGER number less than or equal to a REAL argument.
		To maintain portability, this argument should be the result of a KIND Function or SELECTED_INT_KIND Function.
		The result is an INTEGER number whose value is the largest integer less than or equal to a.
	www.lahey.com /docs/LFACADHELP/NLMARFLOORFn.htm (113 words)

	π: MATH Pages of Jonathan Vos Post
		Of interest are such functions as the smallest number whose complexity exceeds a given value, and upper and lower bounds on the ratio of a number to its complexity.
		Although the phase observable, which is roughly speaking conjugate to the number operator, does not exist as a hermitian operator -- this is a longstanding and still popular problem, initiated by Dirac in 1927 -- it exists as a so-called general observable and permits a probability interpretation via a phase distribution on the unit circle.
		The corresponding wave function is obtained simply by substituting the harmonic wave exp(in[[phi]]) for the number state n>.
	www.magicdragon.com /math.html (4600 words)

	Page Maison de Simon Plouffe / Simon Plouffe's Home Page
		Distributions mod 1, interesting graphics with simple functions like 2^n mod p and others.
		Tables of Mathematical Functions by Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun in PDF and OCRized
		Bernoulli numbers (Jan. 14 2003) where p is prime, { } is the fractional part and [ ] is the floor function, n is even.
	www.lacim.uqam.ca /~plouffe (289 words)

	Excel: Floor Function
		In Excel, the Floor function returns a number rounded down based on a multiple of significance.
		Note: If the sign of the number and the significance parameters are different, the Floor function will return the #NUM!
		We are not responsible for any loss or liability incurred by using this information.
	www.techonthenet.com /excel/formulas/floor.php (84 words)

	Microsoft Office Assistance: FLOOR function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Rounds number down, toward zero, to the nearest multiple of significance.
		If either argument is nonnumeric, FLOOR returns the #VALUE!
		Regardless of the sign of number, a value is rounded down when adjusted away from zero.
	office.microsoft.com /en-us/assistance/HA011610011033.aspx?mode=print (184 words)

	PHP floor() function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The floor() function returns the value of a number rounded DOWNWARDS to the nearest integer.
		In this example we will use the floor() function on different numbers:
		The output of the code above will be:
	www.w3schools.com /php/func_math_floor.asp?output=print (35 words)

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