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	Florence - Day Three
		The oldest of the Cathedral Square religious structures, the Baptistry and it's fabled bronze doors were the key to the renewal of the arts and sciences which began in Florence in the year 1400.
		The clock, seen here inside the cathedral, follows the Medieval pattern of 24 numbers around its face and had to be reset periodically to reflect the seasonal changes in the length of the day.
		Those I saw in the Florence Cathedral (the Duomo) and at Santa Croce were all (with one notable exception) dark and badly in need or restoration.
	www.jimlaneart.com /Europe/Florence.html (2058 words)

	Florence Cathedral Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore is the cathedral church, or Duomo, of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence, noted for its distinctive dome.
		The cathedral, the third to be built in Florence, was built on the site of the previous one, Santa Reparata, prompted by the magnificence of the new cathedrals in Pisa and Siena.
		The cathedral's facade was demolished in 1587-1588 and was bare until the 19th century.
	www.quiltplace.com /encyclopedia/Florence_Cathedral (934 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Florence
		During the Lombard period Florence belonged to the Duchy of Chiusi; after the absorption of the Lombard kingdom by Charlemagne, who spent at Florence the Christmas of 786, it was the residence of a count whose overlord was margrave of Tuscany.
		Florence took again the lead in the Tuscan League, soon began hostilities against the few remaining Ghibelline towns, and with the help of Pope Nicholas III succeeded in ridding itself of the embarrassing protection of King Charles (1278).
		Florence was long the chief centre of the Renaissance, the leaders of which were either citizens or welcome guests of that city, e.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06105c.htm (6455 words)

	rent a holidays villa in Tuscany close to Florence, Siena, Montecatini, Lucca, Pisa accomodation
		Florence is the resulting marriage between the very old and the very new : it is a bustling metropolis that has managed to preserve its predominantly medieval street plan and predominantly renaissance infrastructure while successfully adapting to the demands of 20th century life.
		In this period Florence did not decline as much as it had in the past: archaeological evidence confirms this, revealing that, even as far as buildings were concerned, there was a slow passage from late antiquity to the High Mediaeval, with adaptation and continuous employment of Roman buildings.
		Florence is the urban centre that recorded the highest demographic increase in Tuscany in the 12
	www.nievolina.com /florence.htm (5973 words)

	Florence Cathedral - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Florence Cathedral (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The dome of the cathedral in Florence, Italy, designed and built by the architect Brunelleschi in 1436.
		Cathedral (Italian duomo) of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, Italy, begun by Arnolfo di Cambio in 1296, and consecrated in 1436, when it was called ‘del Fiore’ (of the flower) either after the name of the city or in reference to the municipal arms, a red lily on a white ground.
		In front of the duomo is the octagonal baptistery of San Giovanni, the old cathedral (dating from the 5th century; consecrated 1059).
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Florence%20Cathedral (240 words)

	Essential World Architecture Images- Florence Cathedral
		The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore is the cathedral church, or Duomo, of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence, noted for its distinctive dome.
		It was not until 1349 that work resumed on the cathedral itself under a series of architects, starting with Francesco Talenti, who finished the belltower and enlarged the overall project with the apse and the side chapels, but did not alter the outside.
		The building of the cathedral had started in 1296 with the design of Arnolfo di Cambio and was halted in 1469 with the copper ball on the lantern by Verrocchio.
	www.essential-architecture.com /FL/FL-002.htm (3181 words)

	Amid Rubble and Myth
		During my direction of the Florence Cathedral excavation and after, I have studied the Duomo and used archaeology to draw a sketch of the earliest years of medieval Florence -- years for which documentary history is almost completely silent.
		Florence, strangely, and perhaps tellingly, claimed no relic of Reparata even though she was patron of its cathedral.
		In consequence, Florence declared that the Virgin Mary, and not Reparata, would be the patron saint of the new cathedral it was beginning to build as a replacement for St. Reparata’s church.
	www.neh.gov /news/humanities/1999-03/toker.html (2579 words)

	Fullscreen QTVR - Florence's Cathedral (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It is often said that Florence's Cathedral is turned inside out: Its white, green and pink marble exterior boasts the famous dome and bell tower, while its interior is spare and almost barren.
		Florence’s distinctive Santa Maria del Fiore Cathedral, or Duomo, is the result of six centuries of work.
		The Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, (commonly known as the Duomo) is at the center of the Piazza del Duomo, which also includes the Baptistery and Campanile.
	www.fullscreenqtvr.com /firenze_cattedrale (567 words)

	[No title]
		By Donatello, in the Museum of the Cathedral Cain and Abel and Abraham and Isaac.
		All children born in Florence are still baptized here, and I watched one afternoon an old priest at the task, a tiny Florentine being brought in to receive the name of Tosca, which she did with less distaste than most, considering how thorough was his sprinkling.
		Florence, having taken sides with Francis, found herself in any case very badly left, with the result that at the end of 1529 Charles V's army, with the papal forces to assist, laid siege to her.
	www.gutenberg.net /1/0/7/6/10769/10769-8.txt (18667 words)

	Florence travel guide - Wikitravel
		Florence (Italian: Firenze) is the capital of the region of Tuscany in Italy, with a population of some 400,000.
		Florence was very much the epicentre of the Italian Renaissance and remains one of the world's top attractions for lovers of art--as such, it is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
		Relais Piazza Signoria Florence is the perfect solution to experience the historic center of the city to the fullest and to admire its cultural and artistic treasures.
	wikitravel.org /en/Florence (5431 words)

	Heaven, Hell, Warriors & Mechanics
		Florence was a very prosperous city and a true centre for learning and culture in those times, and therefore Florentines felt a great deal of civic pride.
		If you proceed along the darkened apse of the cathedral until you come to be standing under Brunelleschi's magnificent dome you will witness a marvelous opening up into the realms of light and your gaze will be led upwards.
		A passage from the terrestrial to the celestial.
	florenceart.net /updates/fiduom.htm (1416 words)

	DOME STRUCTURES: SANTA MARIA DEL FIORE (FLORENCE)
		Opposite the cathedral stands the Baptistery; the building dates from the 11th century but was believed by Florentines to be a surviving Roman monument when the commissioned for it a series of bronze doors with relief sculptures.
		The cathedral of Florence itself had been begun in the Gothic style by Arnolfo di Cambio in 1296.
		But in 1366 the City of Florence, following the advice of certain painters and sculptors, decided that the Gothic should no longer be used and that all new work should follow Roman forms, including an octagonal dome 42 metres in span to be built at the east end of the nave.
	www.arch.mcgill.ca /prof/sijpkes/arch374/winter2001/sfarfa/ensayo1.htm (908 words)

	Florence Italy Photo Gallery Pictures about Florence Italy - 홈 > Florence Dome
		Florence Santa Maria del Fiore886 조회A distinctive feature of Florence's skyline is the dome of the cathedral (Duomo), Santa Maria del Fiore.
		Florence Dome Church910 조회The cathedral of Florence itself had been begun in the Gothic style by Arnolfo di Cambio in 1296.
		Florence Dome Facade911 조회The construction of the dome of Florence Cathedral (was) one of the germinal events of Renaissance architecture...The problem had been posed in the middle of the fourteenth century when the definitive plan for the octagonal crossing had been laid down.
	www.florence-photos.eu /index.php?cat=3&lang=korean (458 words)

	lecture2.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Salisbury Cathedral, begun 1220 was contemporary with Amiens Cathedral in France and is representative of English High Gothic.
		Cologne Cathedral, Archbishop Rainald of Dassal (1159-1164) brought relics of Three Magi from Milan to Cologne (reliquary of Three Kings made by workshop of Nicolas of Verdun), Archbishop Conrad of Hochstaden laid foundation stone of new choir 1248.
		Florence Cathedral, begun by Arnolfo di Cambio in 1296; dome constructed by Filippo Brunelleschi from 1420-1436.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~hart205/Lectures/lecture38.htm (198 words)

	Florence Cathedral - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Florence Cathedral - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Florence Cathedral, in Florence, Italy, cathedral church whose octagonal dome, built without the aid of scaffolding, was considered the greatest...
		On the right bank of the Arno, in a kind of half-circle around the cathedral and the Palazzo Vecchio, are many famous churches and palaces....
	encarta.msn.com /Florence_Cathedral.html (168 words)

	Florence Study Abroad, Italy
		Amazingly, Florence manages to be both, as its beautifully preserved buildings and stunning Renaissance art mix seamlessly with trendy boutiques and cafes.
		This makes Florence a rich environment for studying Italian history as the past meets the future, and the progression can be truly seen and appreciated.
		Florence is located in Italy's Tuscany region and is a great starting point for exploring the northern half of the country.
	www.studyabroad.com /florence.html (583 words)

	Florence Italy Photo Gallery Pictures about Florence Italy - Domů > Florence Dome
		Florence Santa Maria del Fiore886 zobrazeníA distinctive feature of Florence's skyline is the dome of the cathedral (Duomo), Santa Maria del Fiore.
		Florence Dome Church910 zobrazeníThe cathedral of Florence itself had been begun in the Gothic style by Arnolfo di Cambio in 1296.
		Florence Dome Facade911 zobrazeníThe construction of the dome of Florence Cathedral (was) one of the germinal events of Renaissance architecture...The problem had been posed in the middle of the fourteenth century when the definitive plan for the octagonal crossing had been laid down.
	www.florence-photos.eu /index.php?cat=3&lang=czech (449 words)

	Filippo Brunelleschi - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		His most famous works are all in Florence.
		His masterpiece is the high, octagonal-ribbed dome of the Duomo (cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore), completed in 1434, the first notable dome erected in Italy since antiquity.
		When he died he was buried in Santa Maria del Fiore in a tomb so modest it was lost for centuries and only rediscovered in 1972.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Filippo_Brunelleschi (486 words)

	Santa Maria del Fiore -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore (also known as The Duomo) is the (Any large and important church) cathedral church of the (Click link for more info and facts about Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence) Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence, noted for its distinctive dome.
		In 1418 a competition was held to design a new (A hemispherical roof) dome (or (A roof in the form of a dome) cupola) for the cathedral.
		Work started on the dome in 1420 and was completed in 1436; the cathedral was consecrated by (The head of the Roman Catholic Church) Pope (Click link for more info and facts about Eugenius IV) Eugenius IV on 1436-03-25.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sa/santa_maria_del_fiore.htm (869 words)

	Carmen and Jim's Virtual Tours - Florence, Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Florence was founded in the 8th Century BC on a strategic ford of the Arno River by the local Etruscans (hence the name of the region--Tuscany) and it remained a small village for quite some time.
		Florence's ambience in combination with a few very interesting sights is what makes Florence a charming place to visit.
		The cathedral was essentially finished by 1375 except for the massive dome.
	www.personal.psu.edu /staff/j/x/jxf17/italy2001/florence.html (1066 words)

	The Duomo - Florence
		The baptistery of the Florence cathedral had been built in an earlier age (in the Romanesque style), and was used for some time as a cathedral.
		There were many schemes in Florence of how the dome should be built and in 1417 the council, to settle the question, received many different proposals.
		In the middle of the night crowds came to await the opening of the cathedral when they might hear the words of the great preacher who was destined afterwards to be burned alive nearby.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles10/famous-buildings-33.shtml (1129 words)

	Florence Art Guide - The Cupola
		The construction of the cupola of the Cathedral was one of the most imposing tasks of the Renaissance, it kept the Florentines engaged in debates and competitions for years but, once it was completed, thanks to the genius of Filippo Brunelleschi, it became the symbol of the city itself and the new, revolutionary Renaissance architecture.
		In the end, the cathedral was so enormous that the usual methods of fixed scaffolding from the ground could not be used.
		When he returned to Florence, the artist suggested that a drum be built above the chancel and then, when this structure was complete (in actual fact making it even more complicated to construct the cupola), he returned to Rome, chased by desperate messages from the Opera del Duomo.
	www.mega.it /eng/egui/monu/bdd.htm (844 words)

	Renaissance -- Focus on Florence
		Florence, like many cities of the Renaissance, had been built over many years and so was home to numerous churches, public buildings, and houses constructed with Romanesque or Gothic architecture.
		The concept of the dome first emerged during the Renaissance in the form of an architectural marvel that tops the Santa Maria del Fiore, the cathedral of Florence.
		It was for the Florence cathedral that Michelangelo created his famous sculpture of David.
	www.learner.org /exhibits/renaissance/florence_sub2.html (684 words)

	Filippo Brunelleschi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Brunelleschi's most famous masterpiece is the high, octagonal-ribbed dome of the Duomo (cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore), as it was the first notable dome erected in Italy since antiquity.
		When a competition happened in 1418 to decide the architect for the long awaited dome for the cathedral in Florence, Brunelleschi entered.
		He was backed by a little known family, the Medici family, which would benefit hugely from the completion of the dome.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Filippo_Brunelleschi (544 words)

	The Duomo in Florence
		The Duomo in Florence, Italy, is a paragon of Renaissance architecture.
		The streets of Florence are narrow and nearly always one-way, so our taxi from the airport had to take a circuitous route to get to our hotel.
		Florence is an old, old town, as Firenze was first built up by the Romans.
	luxuryresorttravel.suite101.com /article.cfm/the_duomo_in_florence (785 words)

	Italy Vacation: The Cathedral or the Duomo of Florence - Vacation Idea.com
		The construction of the Duomo of Florence began at the end of the 13th century.
		Today the Duomo of Florence is the fourth largest cathedral in the world, after St. Peter's in Rome, St. Paul's in London and the Duomo in Milan.
		When visiting churches in Florence, and Italy in general, you have to have your shoulders and legs covered to be let into the church or cathedral.
	www.vacationidea.com /florence/duomo_florence.html (393 words)

	Florence Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		The cultural and historical impact of Florence (or Firenze) is overwhelming.
		Even long after it had set on the political and economic horizon, Florence upheld its elegant appearance: its skyline, all russet rooftops and lofty domes, is indeed picturesque.
		When To Go The best time to visit Florence is in the low season, from April to June and in September/October, when the weather is usually good, prices are lower and there are fewer tourists - if you come in July or August, expect a Renaissance Disneyland experience and plenty of sweat in your socks.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/europe/italy/florence (406 words)

	Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels
		Originally, a Campanile served several purposes: a belfry for the Cathedral, a watch tower to guard against invaders, and a civil monument in a town or city.
		The famous Florence painter and architect, Giotto, is thought to be the main inspiration for all Cathedral Campaniles after he designed and built the magnificent Campanile for the Florence Cathedral in 1334.
		Four bells are in place now, two bells cast in the 1880s from St. Vibiana's Cathedral and removed in the mid-1960's when it was decided the wooden beams were no longer able to support them, and two bells from churches in the archdiocese.
	www.olacathedral.org /cathedral/arch/campanile1.html (506 words)

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