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Topic: Florentine Renaissance

	Florentine Cuisine
		At the heart of Florentine cookery lie four fundamental ingredients: bread (plain, unsalted, well-baked with a crispy crust and light and airy inside); extra-virgin olive oil, without any doubt the best even for frying, grilled meat; Florentine steaks of beef, roasted or wine-braised game such as boar, deer and rabbit and lastly, wine itself.
		Florentine restaurants serve all the Italian specialities, not just the ones typical of Florence and here is a brief guide to some of those Tuscan meals.
		Ravioli with a stuffing of spinach, ricotta, eggs, grated parmesan, flour and a pinch of nutmeg.
	www.aboutflorence.com /florentine-cuisine.html (2218 words)

	Society and Individual in Renaissance Florence: CHAPTER SEVEN
		Florentine spirits were buoyed by the auspicious rebellion of Bologna, which the city marked with a feast devoted to Saint Benedict, and further festivities were sponsored in honor of the Otto di guerra.
		Florentines were now forced to comply with the profanation of a sacred ecclesiastical patrimony that they had endowed themselves, carried out in violation of what even the most cynical regarded as fundamental property rights.
		The artistic commemoration of a Florentine respublica christiana entailed the construction of a purified, expurgated—and thus, secularized—narrative of the respublica florentina.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/9634/9634.ch07.html (10860 words)

	The Renaissance - An Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		Florentine writers, such as Dante and Salutati, were examining the ancient writings of Virgil and Cicero during the fourteenth century, while schools dedicated to the study of classical Latin and Greek were producing a small, but influential, group of scholars interested in the examination of antique themes.
		By 1400 these Florentine intellectuals, or "humanists", were beginning to conceive of themselves as descendants of Republican Rome, and emphasized their links with their ancestors in written treatises.
		Throughout the quattrocento, myths and legends from pagan culture were carefully examined and imitated by Florentine writers in poetry and prose, while painters, sculptors and masons turned to Roman ruins littering the Italian countryside for inspiration.
	tli.jefferson.k12.ky.us /ahfiles/renovrv.htm (1587 words)

	Renaissance -- Focus on Florence
		However, the changes that we associate with the Renaissance first occurred in the Italian city of Florence and continued to be more pervasive there than anywhere else.
		The Florentine gold coin known as the florin was of such reliable purity that it was the standard coinage throughout Europe.
		Florentine bankers were known throughout Europe as well, for they established banking houses in other important cities such as London, Geneva, and Bruges (Belgium).
	www.learner.org /exhibits/renaissance/florence.html (382 words)

	the influences of the florentine renaissance in hungary
		The Italian architectural influence became stronger in the reign of Zsigmond on the basis of the church foundations of the Florentine Scolaries and the castle constructions of Ozorai Pipo.
		Renaissance centres had been evolved at numerous places in the country due to the constructional works of the prelates and nobility.
		Renaissance style is close to the Hungarian mentality it expanded to the whole country in only 50 years.
	www.fondazione-delbianco.org /inglese/relaz00_01/mester.htm (1305 words)

	Florence and Central Italy, 1400–1600 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		Shortly thereafter, Donatello pioneers the technique of carving in shallow relief, known as schiacciato, which uses perspective to produce an illusion of spatial depth; one of the earliest examples of this is the scene of Saint George Slaying the Dragon, depicted in a panel on the base below the statue of Saint George.
		Florentine citizens led by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici (1360–1429) undertake the rebuilding of the Church of San Lorenzo, an eleventh-century structure.
		Florentine sculptor Desiderio da Settignano (1428–1464) carves a marble tomb effigy for Cardinal Marsuppini (Florence, Church of Santa Croce).
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/08/eustc/ht08eustc.htm (3439 words)

	A Comprehensive Guide To The Florentine Renaissance
		The Florentine Renaissance was one of the most fascinating periods of time in human history.
		During the Florentine Renaissance, there was a huge development in the arts, architecture, literature, science, government, and many other fields of knowledge.
		The Medici Palace, The Pitti Palace, The Vecchio Palace, The Convent of St. Mark, The Medici Chapels, The Church of San Lorenzo, The Foundling Hospital of Florence, and The Strozzi Palace.
	www.geocities.com /annalemesheva/Florentine_Renaissance_.html (869 words)

	Florentine Set Release
		Although intended for titling, the Florentine fonts have excellent legibility in small sizes and could even be used for short text settings where typographic eloquence is required.
		This sturdy and most characteristic Florentine style is bundled with the complementary Donatello Alternates, offering a versatile and lucid palette for setting titles, headings and short runs of text.
		Ghiberti is a contemporary interpretation of the bold Florentine lettering used with inlaid marble and cast bronze inscriptions of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.
	www.letterspace.com /LETTERPERFECT_FONTS/newreleases/FLORENTINE_SET2.htm (487 words)

	Florentine renaissance paintings in budapest
		Artistical values of the renaissance period were significant not only in Italy but they had an invaluable effect on the whole Europe too.
		Raffaello's Florentine period shows his artistical development and we can observe the process on paintings with the same iconography in his time (Paris, Louvre; Florence, Uffizi, Vienna, Kunsthistoriches Museum; lots of drawings and sketches).
		In the first third of the XVI century beside the high renaissance suddenly appeared and continuous spread the stylemarkers of mannerism.
	www.fondazione-delbianco.org /inglese/relaz00_01/bud1.htm (1723 words)

	Columbia Museum of Art: The Collection (Gallery 2: Early Renaissance) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		When western civilization began to emerge from the long darkness of the Middle Ages - a period which began with the fall of the Roman Empire in the 4th century - its rebirth, or "renaissance," was centered in the area around Florence, Italy.
		Florentine bankers and merchants became the most influential in Europe, and for a time the city was the most important in the western world.
		Cimabue (active 1272-1302) was the last of the traditional "Byzantine" painters, an artist who adhered to the rigid, stylized portrayal of sacred figures, but who began to instill a sense of humanity in his subjects.
	www.colmusart.org /html/s03collection02.shtml (394 words)

	Florence Art Guide - The Renaissance
		The word Renaissance, used for the first time by Vasari in his book "Vite" (1550), refers to the historic period between the late 14th century and the second half of the 16th century, which was characterized by the rebirth of the cultural and artistic life.
		Thus the rediscovery of classical studies, seen from a free and lay point of view, made it possible to uphold man and his possibilities of free thought and action through a critical analysis of his world that followed the guide-lines of the old masters.
		Fundamentally, from the philosophical point of view, the Renaissance meant naturalism, in other words, the study of man and the universe without the use of metaphysics.
	www.mega.it /eng/egui/epo/rina.htm (522 words)

	Guide to the museums in Florence discovering the florentine renaissance - Florencewelcome.com
		The Museums of Florence own and display around three hundred thousand works of art and exhibits dating from prehistory to the 20th century, although the jewels of the collections belong to the Florentine Renaissance, possibly the most dazzling artistic period of Western culture.
		The museum takes its name from the collection of silver coming from Salzburg, which was taken to Pitti Palace by the Grand-Duke Ferdinando III of Lorena.
		This collection of silver, which has been exhibited in the big hall on the ground floor since the second half of the 19th Century, together with some porcelains, jewelry of the last heiress.
	www.florencewelcome.com /florence-museums.htm (376 words)

	Webpage of William J. Connell
		Renaissance Florence has often been described as the birthplace of modern individualism, as reflected in the indiidual genius of its great artists, scholars, and statesmen.
		The historical research of recent decades has instead shown that Florentines during the Renaissance remained enmeshed in relationships of family, neighborhood, guild, patronage, and religion that, from a twenty-first-century perspective, greatly limited the scopeof individual thought and action.
		Written by leading historians, the essays illustrate the ways Renaissance Florentines expressed or shaped their identity as they interacted with their society.
	pirate.shu.edu /~connelwi/society-and-individual.htm (232 words)

	Men's Clothing in 15th Century Florence, Page 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-26)
		The youth wears a typical red hat of the period, this one with a turned-down brim.
		This is a good example of several kinds of Florentine boots, cloaks, and hats.
		The sleeves may be separate from the main body of the garment -- Florentine women, at least, like to tie on their sleeves.
	www.florentine-persona.com /menflorence2.html (645 words)

	Origins of the Florentine Renaissance - The Panel Competition
		Of all the possible responses one might make to the presence of the enemy at the gates, the declaration of an open art competition (the first in recorded history, no less) for an extremely costly set of gilded bronze doors for the Baptistery is certainly one of the strangest imaginable.
		The moral complexity of the narrative was pondered by Rabbinical commentators in every generation, and Christian artists from the early centuries of the Church already saw the death and resurrection of Christ prefigured in Isaac's redemption.
		From the one story of Abraham and Isaac came many stories; but I remain convinced that the deepest wellspring of the Italian Renaissance was the freedom to imagine that was won with the original panel competition for the bronze doors.
	www.theculturedtraveler.com /Archives/MAR2006/Florence_Panel.htm (1637 words)

	Cosimo De'Medici and the Florentine Renaissance: The Patron's Oeuvre Canadian Journal of History - Find Articles
		Cosimo De'Medici and the Florentine Renaissance: The Patron's Oeuvre, by Dale Kent.
		In Parts III and IV, Kent places Cosimo's artistic "commissions in the context of the patron's interests and concerns, and those of his audience." She connects Florentine religious culture with Cosimo's commissions for San Lorenzo and the monastery of San Marco.
		She also explores the Medici palace, its classical and Florentine architectural style, its central location, and the importance of its exterior and interior design and decor as an expression of Cosimo pater familias and patriae.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200204/ai_n9027267 (1007 words)

	Renaissance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Present day historians are skeptical about excessive claims for the modernity of the period and the common assumption that previous centuries were in some way "darker", viewing the Renaissance as a cultural program or movement based on humanism, arts, and the classics rather than an entire historical age.
		During the last quarter of the Twentieth century many scholars took the view that the Italian Renaissance was perhaps only one of many such movements.
		This is in large part due to the work of historians like Charles H. Haskins (1870–1937), who made a convincing case for a "Renaissance of the 12th century." Other historians have even argued for a "Carolingian Renaissance" in the eighth and ninth centuries, and still later for an "Ottonian Renaissance" in the tenth century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Renaissance (3092 words)

	Artistic Innovations Of Renaissance Florentine Painters
		The second innovation which was developed by a Florentine painter during the Renaissance was the use of life-like human forms.
		The painters were largely occupied in making altarpieces for Florentine churches and chapels, and an occasional fresco, but all in accordance with the Gothic style.
		In the midst of all of this there emerged, around 1420, a Florentine master of extraordinary vivacity and originality who, judging from the importance of his commissions, must have created quite a sensation.”3 This artist was Gentile da Fabriano.
	www.freeessays.cc /db/21/emr17.shtml (1484 words)

	Seattle Art Museum: Press Release
		The exhibition will feature an altarpiece by the Florentine Renaissance artist Neri di Bicci (c.1418-c.1492), Virgin and Child with Six Saints (1456), from Seattle’s St. James Cathedral, as well as approximately 13 early Renaissance paintings from SAM’s own permanent collection and other lenders.
		His works are best known for brilliant pigments, gold backgrounds, the incorporation of elements of Renaissance architecture, and the somber facial expressions of the figures.
		While not an innovator, di Bicci was one of the most successful Florentine painters of the period because of his ability to create pleasing, conservative religious images that appealed to a wide audience.
	www.seattleartmuseum.org /PressRoom/prRelease.asp?prID=95 (551 words)

	Society and Individual in Renaissance Florence
		Renaissance Florence has often been described as the birthplace of modern individualism, as reflected in the individual genius of its great artists, scholars, and statesmen.
		The historical research of recent decades has instead shown that Florentines during the Renaissance remained enmeshed in relationships of family, neighborhood, guild, patronage, and religion that, from a twenty-first-century perspective, greatly limited the scope of individual thought and action.
		He is coeditor of Florentine Tuscany: Structures and Practices of Power (2000), author of La città dei crucci: fazioni e clientele in uno stato repubblicano del '400 (2000), and coeditor of Renaissance Essays (1993).
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/9634.html (322 words)

	Benedetto Accolti and the Florentine Renaissance - Cambridge University Press
		This is the first biography of one of the outstanding humanists of the fifteenth-century Renaissance.
		Benedetto Accolti's interests ranged from rhetoric, humanism and Italian poetry to Roman law, from historical thought and medieval antiquarianism to the crusades and church history, and his work as a scholar, author and historian is placed in a wide context stretching from antiquity to the eighteenth century.
		The intellectual, political and economic milieu of Accolti's native city of Arezzo, neglected in modern scholarship, is explored, and the importance of Accolti's career as chancellor of Florence, his role in bringing the new learning to the chancery and his work as an administrative reformer are recognized for the first time.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521522277 (221 words)

	Florence and Italian Renaissance garden design
		There is very little to be found at Careggi of those Renaissance forms so fully adopted by Michelozzo in the Medicean palace—which was already built—in Florence itself, such as the delicate “ rusticated” joints, graduated according to the relative heights of the stories, and the outspreading corona, and again the tastefully treated window-frames (Fig.
		Round the top of the piano nobile runs a wide balustraded terrace resting on pillared arches, and giving a fine view over the open flowering valley, in the middle of which stands the villa enthroned on a gently rising hill.
		No doubt the ground-plan was simple, but we must partly blame a certain want of skill in the writer; for when later on a real artist like Cardinal Bembo gives us a charming garden picture, we are able to trace a scheme that is regular despite its simplicity.
	www.gardenvisit.com /got/7/3.htm (2395 words)

	Jon Thiem: Lorenzo de' Medici
		Hardback: $45.00 SH This is the first book-length collection in English of the literary works of Lorenzo de'Medici, the major poetic voice of the Florentine Renaissance.
		Yet Lorenzo is now seen as the most interesting exponent of the cultural renaissance that he encouraged.
		No other Florentine writer succeeds in capturing as he does the beauty, seasonal changes, and rhythms of life of the Tuscan countryside.
	www.psupress.org /books/titles/0-271-00772-9.html (277 words)

	History of Art: Renaissance - Botticelli
		Original name ALESSANDRO DI one of the greatest painters of the Florentine Renaissance.
		His "The Birth of Venus" and "Primavera" are often said to epitomize for modern viewers the spirit of the Renaissance.
		's painterly style, which was formed in the early Florentine Renaissance, retained certain elements of International Gothic delicacy and decorativeness.
	www.all-art.org /early_renaissance/botticelli1.html (512 words)

	CuisineNet Digest: Tuscan Cooking
		Just as Dante executed a kind of coup...claiming de facto by his masterpiece the Commedia, that the local Florentine dialect was henceforth to be known as THE Italian vernacular...so Florentine cooking, especially that of the early Renaissance, has become the resonant voice of Italian food in European history.
		In fact, Florentine feasts were major cultural happenings -- various courses were interspersed with performances by actors, dancers, or musicians.
		Despite the over-the-top performances of the feast, the Florentine Renaissance, especially as it occurred in the kitchen, became a puritan-esque rejection of excess and rich sauces.
	www.cuisinenet.com /digest/region/italy/tuscany.shtml (373 words)

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