Florentine language - Factbites

Florentine language - Factbites
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Topic: Florentine language

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	Italian language, alphabet and pronunciation
		The first grammar of Italian with the Latin title Regule lingue florentine (Rules of the Florentine language) was produced by Leon Battista Alberti in 1495.
		Italian is a Romance language spoken by about 60 million people in Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, the Vatican City, Malta and Eritrea.
		In northern Italy, which was often ruled by the French, French and Occitan were used as literary languages.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/italian.htm (476 words)

	A Brief History of the Italian Language
		Manzoni, who had been seeking to implement the official use of Italian, published papers calling for the use of the Florentine language.
		The period from the end of the eighteenth century to the middle of the nineteenth was the one that saw the proliferation of the language spoken in central Italy as the national, uniform language.
		The inflectional Latin language was an opaque one, or one, as Martin Maiden puts it, in which "each case is expressed by an array of inflectional endings varying according to number and case" (1995: 97).
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/Italian2.html (1232 words)

	Saggi - lameziastorica
		It's a language that today oscillates between the Florentine-Lombard and the Florentine-Romanesque, but doesn't present excessive difference between how it is written and how it is spoken, and which all Italians understand and use.
		It was only in the course of the 10th century that a language that could be called unitary was really affirmed in this country.
		Until now, dialectologists have shown, in the immense variety of Calabrian speech, a massive presence of Greek elements in southern Calabria, and a prevalence of Latin elements in the northern section.
	www.lameziastorica.it /saggi3bing.htm (1232 words)

	1481, Florence: NICOLO DI LORENZO DELLA MAGNA
		Disfigured by omissions and errors, Dante's 14th-century language is further distorted by a patina of latinate orthography and 15th-century Florentine idiotisms.
		It would take non-Florentines, with some distance between themselves and the Florentine language, like the Venetian Pietro Bembo at the beginning of the 16th century, to adopt a philological approach and undertake the process of restoring Dante's text to its original 14th-century linguistic character.
		Accordingly, the edition was to have been accompanied by a figurative commentary inspired by one of the most important Florentine artists of the time, Sandro Botticelli.
	www.italnet.nd.edu /Dante/text/1481.florence.html (518 words)

	Napulitano
		Present day standard Italian, however, is different from the languages spoken today in Tuscany and Florence differing substantially from them in both vocabulary and pronunciation (Tuscan and Florentine are traditionally referred to also as «dialects», this use, though, actually can be considered as the only instance in which the term dialect is used appropriately).
		The Italian language has been used for more than a century as a mean to discriminate against those not speaking it correctly, or with the «correct» accent, it will be ironic to fall in the same error in the case of Neapolitan.
		Another relatively recent phenomenon in Italy are the «Regional Italians» consisting of the standard language with a pronunciation influenced by the local languages (to a lesser extent also the vocabulary and some idiomatic expressions may differ).
	www.duesicilie.org /Neapolitan1.html (801 words)

	Napulitano
		Present day standard Italian, however, is different from the languages spoken today in Tuscany and Florence differing substantially from them in both vocabulary and pronunciation (Tuscan and Florentine are traditionally referred to also as «dialects», this use, though, actually can be considered as the only instance in which the term dialect is used appropriately).
		The Italian language has been used for more than a century as a mean to discriminate against those not speaking it correctly, or with the «correct» accent, it will be ironic to fall in the same error in the case of Neapolitan.
		Another relatively recent phenomenon in Italy are the «Regional Italians» consisting of the standard language with a pronunciation influenced by the local languages (to a lesser extent also the vocabulary and some idiomatic expressions may differ).
	www.duesicilie.org /Neapolitan1.html (801 words)

	Italy Online Research :: Information about Italy
		Given the variation in Italian language throughout the peninsula, it was quickly establised that 'proper' or 'standard' Italian would be based on the Florentine dialect spoken in most of Tuscany (given that it was the first region to produce authors such as Dante Alighieri, who in 1291 wrote the Divina Commedia).
		Some 15,000 Catalan language speakers reside around the area of Alghero in the north-west corner of Sardinia - believed to be the result of a migration of a large group of Catalans from Barcellona in ages past.
		1 French language is co-official in the Aosta Valley ; German language is co-official in South Tyrol.
	www.carolinamaps.net /search/Italy.html (1872 words)

	wre-republics.html
		France established a "first republic" (of five) in 1792, the United States in 1776, Hungary in 1848 and again in 1945, China in 1912; yet today the word, though not uncommon, is problematical in every western language and in not a few non-western ones.
		For example, the mere apposition, "princes and republics," is not sufficient to imply mutual exclusion of monarchy and republic, and is usually meant in a diplomatic sense, as a way of including all sovereign nations (as we would say now) in a phrase.
		To the learned, the old meaning of republic might continue to act as an undertow on the new; but to most people who used the word, it was by 1750 no longer a technical term of philosophy or classical studies, even less a term from Italian Renaissance politics.
	dhm.best.vwh.net /archives/wre-republics.html (16675 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Church Music
		Originally intended as an ethical-religious reaction against the Florentine opera, it treats Biblical and legendary themes in a lyric-dramatic form, but without dramatic action.
		To the traditional language of her liturgy the Church joins her own traditional musical form, which characterizes her chant and distinguishes it from the music of concert and opera.
		The "Motu proprio" says: "The different parts of the Mass and of the Office must retain, even musically, that particular concept and form which ecclesiastical tradition assigned to them, and which is admirably expressed in the Gregorian chant." By retaining her musical form for her various chants (e.g.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10648a.htm (16675 words)

	L'ACCADEMIA DELLA CRUSCA
		The Accademia della Crusca (Crusca Academy), still today the national language academy of Italy, was the first such institution in Europe and the first to produce a modern national language Vocabolario (1612), later taken as a model by other European states.
		The Academy developed out of the informal meetings of a group of Florentine intellectuals (including A.F. Grazzini (Il Lasca), Giambatista Deti, Bernardo Zanchini, Bernardo Canigiani, Bastiano de' Rossi) between 1570 and 1580 in the bookshop of the Giunti near the chapel of S. Biagio of Badia.
		They ironically called themselves "Crusconi" (the bran flakes) with the intention of giving a jocular tone to their conversations, impatient as they were with the solemnity surrounding the erudite but futile discussions of the Sacra Accademia Fiorentina.
	www.italnet.nd.edu /Dante/text/1595.florence.crusca.html (336 words)

	The Codex Florentine
		These texts were included later in his General (or universal) history of the things of New Spain, that is, as Book VI of what we know as the Codex Florentine.
		These were done by him among the elders and the wise Nahuas from several places of the central high plateau -Tepepuico, TIateloIco, and Mexico-Tenochtitlan- helped in addition by several of his old native students.
		The purpose for founding this new school was to give academic and religious training to young Nahuas, mostly, although not exclusively, sons of pipiltin.
	codiceflorentino.tripod.com /english.htm (336 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Italian Literature
		The modern language of Italy is naturally derived from Latin, a continuation and development of the Latin actually spoken among the inhabitants of the peninsula after the downfall of the Roman Empire.
		The Italians naturally regarded the language and traditions of Rome as their own, and still clung to the use of Latin while a vernacular literature was already flourishing in France and Provence.
		Supreme above them all, a figure worthy, from the mere literary point of view, to stand by Dante and Petrarca, is St. Catherine of Siena (1347-80), whose "Dialogo" is the greatest mystical work in prose in the Italian language, and whose "Letters" have hardly been surpassed in the annals of Christianity.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08245a.htm (5894 words)

	speaking.ca - Italian Jokes
		Italian jokes, riddles, and puns, from your Italian Language SiteGuide at About.
		Large collection of crazy short and long classic Italian jokes and humor...
	www.speaking.ca /Italian-Jokes/reference/search (5894 words)

	SweeTuscany © Accommodation in Cortona
		Because of its dominance in literature, the Florentine language became the literary language of the Italian region and is the language of Italy today.
		He did not at once or entirely desert his art; Florence he was no longer the cheerful, objective painter, through whose soul, as through clear glass, the bright figures of Florentine Etruscan Coast, Florence made a little mellower and m...
		...could let Cortona k Chianti, and appoint a time for him to visit her.
	www.sweetuscany.com /Accommodation_Cortona_Tuscany.htm (784 words)

	Italian Translation Services - translate Italian Translator
		The Florentine vernacular that was to become the Italian tongue was for a long time used outside Tuscany only as a literary language, encouraged by men of letters such as Pietro Bembo and the Academicians of Crusca, and the majority of people used their regional dialect.
		Ladin, one of the dialects derived from Latin, is spoken in the Dolomite valleys and principally, in the Friuli region (around 900,000 inhabitants) where there is a lively use of the regional tongue alongside Italian.
		After the fall of the Roman Empire, this "classic" Latin remained a fundamental means of communication between nations and scholars, as well as becoming the language of the Church.
	www.italiantranslationusa.com (1578 words)

	NY&the World: Teaching Materials: Humanism 1: An Outline
		The word humanism was never used by them and in fact was coined only in 1808 in Germany to designate the study of the language and literature of one's own culture (as opposed to the study of the language and literature of classical antiquity).
		[see Humanism 8] Florentine Platonism was as influential as humanism during the following century.
		It was also at Alphonso's court that the Florentine humanist, Giannozzo Manetti (1396—1459), wrote On the Dignity of Man (1453).
	www.globaled.org /nyworld/materials/humanism/H1.html (2592 words)

	Robert Grudin
		Even the enthusiastic Platonism of the Florentine academy was, in its idealism and emphasis on contemplation, a significant digression from the crucial humanistic doctrine of active virtue, and Pico della Mirandola himself was politely admonished by a friend to forsake the ivory tower and accept his civic responsibilities.
		The idealism so prominent in the Florentine academy is called Platonic because of its debt to Plato’s theory of Ideas and to the epistemological doctrine established in his Symposium and Republic.
		Simply put, the res-verbum controversy was an extended argument between humanists who believed that language constituted the ultimate human reality and those who believed that language, though an important subject for study, was the medium for understanding an even more basic reality that lay beyond it.
	www.compilerpress.atfreeweb.com /Anno%20Grudin%20Humanism%20EB.htm (14264 words)

	Italian language, alphabet and pronunciation
		The first grammar of Italian with the Latin title Regule lingue florentine (Rules of the Florentine language) was produced by Leon Battista Alberti in 1495.
		Today the Tuscan dialect is known as Italian (Italiano) and is the offical language of Italy.
		In northern Italy, which was often ruled by the French, French and Occitan were used as literary languages.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/italian.htm (458 words)

	University of Virginia News Story
		In her talk, “Composing Tuscanism: Florentine Reactions to Michelangelo’s Architectural Language,” Elam, will discuss the interiors of the New Sacristy and the Laurentian Library at the Medici church of San Lorenzo.
		At a time when the language of classical architecture was being systematically organized into a series of rules, Michelangelo ignored those rules in favor of sculptural expression and visual effect.
		Elam will discuss the effect of Michelangelo’s architecture in forging a new Florentine or Tuscan cultural identity under the rule of the Medici dukes.
	www.virginia.edu /topnews/releases2003/elam-march-31-2003.html (458 words)

	Studentsville - Studying in Florence :: Colleges
		During the five-week orientation session in Florence, students are required to take four courses: Italian language review and conversation, introduction to Florentine history and art, geography and modern Italian political history.
		The centre of studies in these colleges in Florence is usually Florentine arts and Renaissance culture...
		For further information contact: Middlebury College, Language Schools Middlebury, Vermont 05753, USA (graduate program 802 443 5510) languages@middlebury.edu.
	www.studentsville.it /colleges.htm (458 words)

	2000 Research Publications
		Kinder, J. Italian Lexicon, Italian Morphology, Italian Phonology, Italian Syntax, Language Education, Language Institutions, Language Policy, Encyclopaedia of Contemporary Italian Culture, pp 301-304, 305-307, 318-322, London (2000)
		Polizzotto, L. Savonarola and the Florentine oligarchy, The World of Savonarola, Italian élites and perceptions of crisis, eds S. Fletcher, C. Shaw, Aldershot, Ashgate, 1: pp 55-64 (2000)
	www.publishing.uwa.edu.au /research/2000/european.asp (664 words)

	Italian Translation Services - translate Italian Translator
		The Florentine vernacular that was to become the Italian tongue was for a long time used outside Tuscany only as a literary language, encouraged by men of letters such as Pietro Bembo and the Academicians of Crusca, and the majority of people used their regional dialect.
		After the fall of the Roman Empire, this "classic" Latin remained a fundamental means of communication between nations and scholars, as well as becoming the language of the Church.
		The Roman Empire, the most far-flung of the ancient world, was populated by around 80 million people, roughly half of whom spoke Latin: no other antique language was as widespread or important.
	www.italiantranslationusa.com (1578 words)

	The Galileo Project Galileo Florence and Tuscany
		Because of its dominance in literature, the Florentine language became the literary language of the Italian region and is the language of Italy today.
		Florence was the city of such writers as Dante, Petrarch, and Macchiavelli, and artists and engineers such as Boticelli, Brunelleschi (who built the magnificent dome on the church of St. Mary of the Flowers), Alberti, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Michelangelo.
		Lorenzo de' Medici, who ruled Florence in the late fifteenth century was perhaps the greatest patron of the arts in the history of the West.
	galileo.rice.edu /gal/florence.html (521 words)

	Luigi Lanzi - Iridis Encyclopedia
		Lanzi was educated as a priest, and in 1773 was appointed keeper of the galleries of Florence: He thereafter studied Italian painting and Etruscan antiquities and language.
		What was true of the antiquities would be true also, he argued, of the Etruscan language, and the object of the Saggio di lingua Etrusca was to prove that this language must be related to that of the neighboring peoples: Romans, Umbrians, Oscans and Greeks.
		In the one field his labors are represented by his Storia Pittorica della Italia, the first portion of which, containing the Florentine, Sienese, Roman and Neapolitan schools, appeared in 1792, the rest in 1796.
	www.iridis.com /Luigi_Lanzi (521 words)

	Luigi Lanzi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lanzi was educated as a priest, and in 1773 was appointed keeper of the galleries of Florence: He thereafter studied Italian painting and Etruscan antiquities and language.
		What was true of the antiquities would be true also, he argued, of the Etruscan language, and the object of the Saggio di lingua Etrusca was to prove that this language must be related to that of the neighboring peoples: Romans, Umbrians, Oscans and Greeks.
		In the one field his labors are represented by his Storia Pittorica della Italia, the first portion of which, containing the Florentine, Sienese, Roman and Neapolitan schools, appeared in 1792, the rest in 1796.
	www.phatnav.com /wiki/index.php?title=Luigi_Lanzi (521 words)

	Pier Paolo Pasolini
		One of these early influences was the modern novelist Carlo Emilio Gadda, whose experimental novel That Awful Mess on Via Merulana, written in a mixture of Italian, Roman, Venetian, and Neopolitan dialects, appeared in a Florentine review 1946.
		In the 1960s Pasolini's interest in language drew him to semiotics, although his concern with dialect marked his work from the first collections of poems.
		Pasolini's family originated from Fruili, a region in the North-Eastern part of Italy where a local language, Friulano, Rhaeto-Romanic dialect, dominated.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /pasolini.htm (521 words)

	Accommodations in Tuscany - SweeTuscany © : Hotels , Farm Holidays , Bed and breakfast , Holidays houses ,Villas and Castles in Tuscany
		Because of its dominance in literature, the Florentine language became the literary language of the Italian region and is the language of Italy today.
		Grosseto, 10 m.; it is situated in the heart of tuscany Maremma, near the Tyrrhenian sea.
		Every year, in Tuscany july, there is a "Medieval Festival" wich takes back to middle age.
	www.tuscany-travel.tuscany.it (1490 words)

	SweeTuscany © Accommodation in Pistoia
		Because of its dominance in literature, the Florentine language became the literary language of the Italian region and is the language of Italy today.
		Pistoia Aparment - Pistoia Bed and Breakfast - Pistoia Farm Holiday - Pistoia Farmhouse - Pistoia Holiday house - Pistoia Hotel - Pistoia Residence - Pistoia Villa
		He enlarged Etruscan Coast, restored Lucca, and, with the exception of Thermal Baths discipline, conferred Cortona the Romans every Farm Holidays.
	www.sweetuscany.com /Accommodation_Pistoia_Tuscany.htm (802 words)

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