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Topic: Fluctuations

	WRIR 99-4079 -- Water-Table Fluctuations
		Fluctuations are primarily a response to local ET and the magnitude and timing of the fluctuation differs with well depth, vegetation and soil conditions, climate, and distance from a surface-water source.
		Annual fluctuations in water level measured in each of the shallow wells and in Peterson Reservoir are summarized by ET unit in table 8.
		Typical changes measured in the daily response show that the magnitude of the daily fluctuation generally decreased as the water table began declining in response to continuing or increasing ET, and that at greater depths, the phase in the daily fluctuation was shifted from that of the ET.
	pubs.usgs.gov /wri/wri994079/text/fluctuations.htm (3340 words)

	Primordial fluctuations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Primordial fluctuations are density variations in the early universe which are considered the seeds of all structure in the universe.
		Adiabatic fluctuations are density variations in all forms of matter and energy which have equal fractional over/under densities.
		As with scalar fluctuations, tensor fluctuations are expected to follow a power law and are parameterized by the tensor index (the tensor version of the scalar index), and the ratio of the tensor to scalar power.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Primordial_fluctuations (425 words)

	WMAP Cosmology 101: Cosmic Microwaves Fluctuations
		This removal eliminates most of the fluctuations in the map: the ones that remain are thirty times smaller.
		Fluctuating emission from the edge of the visible universe dominates the regions away from the equator.
		These cosmic microwave temperature fluctuations are believed to trace fluctuations in the density of matter in the early universe, as they were imprinted shortly after the Big Bang.
	map.gsfc.nasa.gov /m_uni/uni_101Flucts.html (570 words)

	Historical Notes: Vacuum fluctuations
		And in terms of Feynman diagrams the way this happens is by virtual particle-antiparticle pairs of all types and all energy-momenta continually forming and annihilating at all points in the vacuum.
		Insofar as such vacuum fluctuations are always exactly the same, however, they presumably cannot be detected.
		If one has moving boundaries it turns out that vacuum fluctuations can in effect be viewed as producing real particles.
	www.wolframscience.com /reference/notes/1062a (604 words)

	Allowable RH Fluctuations
		Thus, the allowable fluctuation in relative humidity is greatest in the 40-60% RH range, and least at the RH extremes.
		The allowable fluctuation is a function of the relative humidity to which the object is equilibrated.
		In this case, the interior acts as an internal restraint, and the stresses and allowable fluctuations are as calculated for the restrained material.
	palimpsest.stanford.edu /waac/wn/wn17/wn17-1/wn17-108.html (2922 words)

	stddanceco. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		' Fluctuations' is an indirect result of ideas that developed around recent experiments with dance in relation to the context of performing arts* and the context of film.
		These experiments focused on the difference of experience of time and space in the 'fl box' theatre on one hand and the 'white cube' exhibition space on the other hand and on the (im)possibilities of editing in dance and film.
		' Fluctuations' is a choreography in which movement is contrasted by stillness; the consecutive image is a variation on the previous and the movement floats gradually from the starting point.
	www.minuszero.org /stddanceco/fluctuations/index.html (149 words)

	HELIOGNOSIS - Observations of vacuum fluctuations suggests the existence of Zero Point Energy
		With an AC electric field of 246V peak-to-peak, the vacuum fluctuations present themselves as a dynamic quasi-cyclic current oscillation in the very low frequency (vlf) and ultra-low frequency (ulf) range with a magnitude of 0.02%.
		These magnetic voltage fluctuations are shown to be experimentally distinguishable from the voltage fluctuations associated with the well known Nyquist noise¹.
		Similarly the voltage waveform and ultra-low frequency (ulf) fluctuations are shown in figures 9 and 10 respectively.
	www.heliognosis.com /rd02.html (1540 words)

	Density Fluctuations in Solar Wind
		The nonlinear solitary-like waves appear as fluctuations in the density and the radial outflow velocity and contribute significantly to solar wind acceleration in open magnetic field structures.
		The fluctuations in pB may indicate possible periodicities consistent with the presence of nonlinear compressional waves propagating in the coronal hole.
		For this purpose, we need to establish whether the fluctuations are propagating, their phase speed, and preferably the relation between the phase speed and other parameters of the plasma.
	ecf.hq.eso.org /~ralbrech/sepdec97apjl/975667.html (2359 words)

	Fluctuations and Quality of Control in Biological Cells: Zero-Order Ultrasensitivity Reinvestigated -- Berg et al. 79 ...
		That the sensitivity to change is proportional to the size of the fluctuations is a general result from statistical thermodynamics.
		With decreasing sharpness of the curves, the Poissonian fluctuations in enzyme numbers used in the other curves are 5% (- - -), 7% (- · - · -), and 10% (···), which in the finite case correspond to N
		Berg, O. A model for the statistical fluctuations of protein numbers in a microbial population.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/79/3/1228 (4361 words)

	Quantum fluctuation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In quantum physics, a quantum fluctuation is the temporary change in the amount of energy in a point in space, arising from Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
		Quantum fluctuations may have been very important in the origin of the structure of the universe: according to the model of inflation the ones that existed when inflation began were amplified and formed the seed of all current observed structure.
		A reasonably odd distinction can be made between quantum fluctuations and thermal fluctuations of a quantum field (at least for a free field; for interacting fields, renormalization complicates matters a lot).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Quantum_fluctuation (447 words)

	DID WAXING AND WANING OF GONDWANAN GLACIERS CAUSE UPPER PALEOZOIC CYCLOTHEMS? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		We tested whether or not Gondwana glaciation could be responsible for the 60-100 m sea-level fluctuations associated with cyclothems by evaluating the timing and extent of Gondwana ice sheets.
		The record indicates insufficient ice to account for the sea-level fluctuations recorded by cyclothems of this age.
		Fluctuations in the size of ice sheets prior to Glacial III were not responsible for contemporaneous cyclothems.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2002NC/finalprogram/abstract_30901.htm (383 words)

	Risk factors for treatment related clinical fluctuations in Guillain-Barre syndrome -- Visser et al. 64 (2): 242 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Treatment related clinical fluctuations were found in 16 (9%) of the 172 patients.
		For antecedent infections, none of the patients with fluctuations had preceding diarrhoea; this was not related to a C jejuni
		Insight into risk factors for fluctuations may lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/64/2/242 (1856 words)

	Natural fluctuations
		But humans may be having an influence on the rate of natural fluctuations, said Dan Bottom, the monitoring coordinator of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife for Oregon's salmon recovery plan.
		That could mean the natural fluctuations pendulum is swinging back in favor of the fish.
		Bob Wissmar of the fisheries research department at the University of Washington in Seattle said that pendulum may be moving faster than it used to because of some human-caused factors such as pollution, possible changes to the earth's atmosphere and the increased rate of changes to the inland landscape of the salmon.
	eesc.orst.edu /salmon/human/natural.html (679 words)

	Quantum Fluctuations in the Very Early Universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The quantum fluctuations in the early universe can be expressed as a spatial perturbation to the scalar field:
		These commutation relations underlie the uncertainty relations, which in turn motivate the zero-point vacuum fluctuations to the scalar field.
		The scalar field is assumed to be in the vacuum state (corresponding to no inflaton particles) because the radiation energy density due to the inflaton particles should be much less than the potential for inflation to occur.
	cosmology.berkeley.edu /~yuki/cosmos/Fluctuations.htm (276 words)

	Alibris: fluctuations
		This book is the result of a growing realization that fluctuations play an active, even creative, role in nonequilibrium processes such as self-organization, pattern formation, and information processing and energy transduction in biological systems.
		In contrast to the general notion that fluctuations represent an undesirable "noise" in such...
		It is a fruitful approach to systems characterized by fluctuations and/or a large number of very similar units, and such systems are common in biology, whether it be the individuals in the codons...
	www.alibris.com /search/books/subject/fluctuations (767 words)

	Economic Fluctuations and Growth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		An important driving force behind this result is that the standard model assumes that wages are determined by Nash bargaining, which in turn implies that wages increase during good times and thus seriously dampen the incentives of firms to create new jobs.
		In exploring these questions, group members focus on three related activities: empirically identifying the effects of exogenous shocks on the economy; constructing empirical general equilibrium models of economic fluctuations; and exploring the efficacy of alternative policy responses to different shocks.
		They show that the latter accounts for the bulk of the fluctuations in their gap measure.
	www.nber.org /programs/efg/efg.html (5139 words)

	Fluctuations in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Single Isolated Brain Mitochondria: Modulation by Adenine ...
		Fluctuations in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Single Isolated Brain Mitochondria: Modulation by Adenine Nucleotides and Ca2+ -- Vergun and Reynolds 87 (5): 3585 -- Biophysical Journal
		fluctuations in mitochondria treated with 100 µM ATP or ADP, 2 µM CA or BA and the combinations of these drugs.
		Fluctuations in mitochondrial membrane potential caused by repetitive gating of the permeability transition pore.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/87/5/3585 (3914 words)

	Potential Fluctuations in the Early Universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Quantum fluctuations during inflation generate macroscopic fluctuations in the gravitational potential with mean square value that scales with the scale of the perturbation as a power law
		A scale-invariant spectrum of potential fluctuations generated in the early Universe thus leads to a scale-invariant temperature fluctuation spectrum on the sky.
		An accurate determination of the spectral index from the CMB anisotropies provides an extremely powerful test of theories of inflation, as described in Section Testing Theories of Inflation.
	www.rssd.esa.int /SA/PLANCK/include/report/redbook/132.htm (493 words)

	Conformational fluctuations in single DNA molecules -- Wennmalm et al. 94 (20): 10641 -- Proceedings of the National ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Three cases of conformational fluctuations in single DNA molecules.
		It has to be considered whether the intensity fluctuations could originate from something other than conformational fluctuations.
		that the observed fluctuations are caused by known hydrodynamic
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/20/10641 (3825 words)

	Geoindicator: Glacier fluctuations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nesje, A. Geological indicators of rapid environmental change - glacier fluctuations and avalanche activity.
		OVERALL ASSESSMENT: Fluctuations in glaciers are among the most sensitive indicators of climatic change.
		They can be also used as indicators of temperature and precipitation changes that occurred prior to instrumental weather records.
	www.gcrio.org /geo/glacier.html (745 words)

	Cosmology
		The background appears about 1/1000 times hotter (redder in this false-color map) in the direction the Sun is moving toward and about 1/1000 times cooler (bluer here) in the direction the Sun is moving away from.
		The colors for the temperatures range from blue for 2.7279 K to red for 2.7281 K. The effect of the Sun's motion has been subtracted out leaving fluctuations that are thirty times smaller than the previous map.
		Below is a picture of the fluctuations in the background radiation when the Milky Way's contribution is subtracted out.
	www.astronomynotes.com /cosmolgy/s5.htm (1289 words)

	Superhorizon Fluctuations and Dark Energy? \| Musings
		Both papers today find that superhorizon fluctuations alter the expansion rate and deceleration parameter.
		Sean expresses the opinion that superhorizon fluctuations should be able to change our local observed quantities, but those should still be related to each other by our local Einstein equations, so in that sense we already have all the information in our local patch.
		I thought the point was exactly that superhorizon fluctuations can influence our measurments, and in particular can induce acceleration (or at least change in q), in the absence of any local source for such effect.
	golem.ph.utexas.edu /~distler/blog/archives/000539.html (1546 words)

	QUANTUM FLUCTUATIONS OF SPACETIME
		Three key aspects of quantum gravity are considered in this book: phenomenology, potential experimental aspects and foundational theory.
		The phenomenology is the treatment of metric quantum fluctuations as torsional curves that deviate from classical expectations.
		This leads to possible experimental configurations that may detect such fluctuations.
	www.worldscibooks.com /physics/5952.html (212 words)

	Fluctuation - Definition of Fluctuation by Webster Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Fluctuation - Definition of Fluctuation by Webster Dictionary
		A motion like that of waves; a moving in this and that direction; as, the fluctuations of the sea.
		A wavering; unsteadiness; as, fluctuations of opinion; fluctuations of prices.
	www.webster-dictionary.net /definition/fluctuation (89 words)

	SSRN-The Asymmetric Effects of Exchange Rate Fluctuations: Theory and Evidence from Developing Countries by Magda Kandil
		The paper examines the asymmetric effects of exchange rate fluctuations on real output and price in developing countries.
		Unanticipated currency fluctuations determine aggregate demand through exports, imports, and the demand for domestic currency, and determine aggregate supply through the cost of imported intermediate goods.
		Kandil, Magda, "The Asymmetric Effects of Exchange Rate Fluctuations: Theory and Evidence from Developing Countries" (November 2000).
	papers.ssrn.com /soL3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=880268 (264 words)

	Fluctuations and Noise 2004 - Program - Conferences - SPIE Web (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Fluctuations and Noise in Biological, Biophysical, and Biomedical Systems
		Fluctuations and Noise in Photonics and Quantum Optics
		SPIE is a not-for-profit international society dedicated to advancing optics and photonics.
	spie.org /Conferences/Programs/04/fn (110 words)

	definition of fluctuation
		The motion or undulation of a fluid collected in a natural or artifical cavity, which is felt when it is subjected to pressure or percussion.
		And, Artifical, As, Cavity, Collected, Direction, Felt, Fluctuations, Fluid, In, Is, It, Like, Motion, Moving, Natural, Of, Opinion, Or, Percussion, Pressure, Prices, Sea, Subjected, That, The, This, To, Undulation, Unsteadiness, Wavering, Waves, When, Which
		And, As, Cavity, Collected, Direction, Felt, Fluctuations, Fluid, In, Is, It, Like, Motion, Natural, Of, Opinion, Or, Percussion, Pressure, Prices, Sea, That, The, This, To, Waves, When, Which
	www.brainydictionary.com /words/fl/fluctuation165682.html (178 words)

	Alan Aspuru-Guzik » Blog Archive » Good fluctuations. (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Alan Aspuru-Guzik » Blog Archive » Good fluctuations.
		I have been happy today after finding out the results of yesterday’s election.
		You must be logged in to post a comment.
	alan.aspuru.com.cob-web.org:8888 /archives/2005/11/09/good-fluctuations (177 words)

	EconPapers: On the transition from local regular to global irregular fluctuations
		On the transition from local regular to global irregular fluctuations
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		This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.
	econpapers.repec.org /paper/cpmcepmap/9617.htm (211 words)

	WMAP Cosmology 101: Cosmic Microwaves Fluctuations (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		WMAP Cosmology 101: Cosmic Microwaves Fluctuations (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu)
		The cosmic microwave background is the afterglow radiation left over from the hot Big Bang.
		This additional angular resolution allows scientists to infer a great deal of additional information, beyond that supplied by COBE, about conditions in the early universe.
	map.gsfc.nasa.gov.cob-web.org:8888 /m_uni/uni_101Flucts.html (579 words)

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