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Topic: Fluorine chloride

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Chlorine fluoride

Halide

Alkyl halide

Lithium chloride

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	Fluorine - LoveToKnow Watches
		The U-shaped electrolytic vessel and the electrodes are made of an alloy of platinum-iridium, the limbs of the tube being closed by stoppers made of fluor-spar, and fitted with two lateral exit tubes for carrying off the gases evolved.
		Fluorine is a pale greenish-yellow gas with a very sharp smell; its specific gravity is 1.
		Fluorides can be readily detected by their power of etching glass when warmed with sulphuric acid; or by warming them in a glass tube with concentrated sulphuric acid and holding a moistened glass rod in the mouth of the tube, the water apparently gelatinizes owing to the decomposition of the silicon fluoride formed.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Fluorine (668 words)

	Novel 17-substituted 11 .beta.-hydroxy steroids of the pregnane series, their manufacture, preparation and use - United ...
		R.sub.3 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, hydroxy or hydroxy esterified by a C.sub.1-16 hydrocarbon carboxylic acid.
		The exchange of the sulfonic acid group against a halogen atom is preferably effected by reacting the 21-sulfonic acid esters with an alkali halogenide, e.g., lithium chloride or potassium hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a polar solvent, such as, for example, dimethylformamide, at a reaction temperature of 50.degree.-180.degree.
		The methylene chloride is evaporated under vacuum and the residue chromatographed on silica gel with toluene/ethyl acetate mixtures, yielding 3.0 g.
	xrint.com /patents/us/4207316 (10444 words)

	Junior Part Halogens Page
		Fluorine is particularly dangerous; you would already be dead by inhalation of fluorine before you could register its smell.
		With chloride ions, only hydrogen chloride is formed; with bromide ions, bromine and sulphur dioxide are formed; and with iodide ions, iodine, sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide are formed.
		Solid sodium chloride, along with other salts, is spread on icy roads, as it lowers the freezing (or melting) point of water, thus causing any ice already present to melt.
	www.rjclarkson.demon.co.uk /junior/halogens.htm (1030 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5126482 - Process for producing fluorine-containing carboxylic acids - June 30, 1992
		The fluorine-containing carboxylic acid chloride represented by the above-mentioned formula (VII) may be prepared by reacting the compound represented by the above-mentioned formula (VI) with a chlorinating agent such as phthalyl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride or thionyl chloride, followed by fractional distillation.
		It is particularly preferred to employ phthalyl chloride as both a chlorinating agent and a solvent.
		A mixture of 8.0 g of (S)-(-)-2-fluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)hexanoic acid and 24.0 g of phthalyl chloride was stirred at 80.degree.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5126482.html (3274 words)

	Fluorine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Fluorine is the most electronegative and reactive of all elements.
		Fluorine and its compounds are used in producing uranium (from the hexafluoride) and more than 100 commercial fluorochemicals, including many well-known high-temperature plastics.
		The presence of fluorine as a soluble fluoride in drinking water to the extent of 2 ppm may cause mottled enamel in teeth, when used by children acquiring permanent teeth; in smaller amounts, however, fluorides are said to be beneficial and used in water supplies to prevent dental cavities.
	www.scescape.net /~woods/elements/fluorine.html (369 words)

	Halogens - Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Fluorine was one of the last common elements to be isolated.
		An indication of fluorine's reactivity is that it even forms compounds with the family of elements known as the inert gases.
		The largest single application of the element is in the preparation of a large variety of compounds, including organic chlorides that are the starting point in the manufacture of plastics and other kinds of polymers (chemical compounds that consist of repeating structural units).
	www.scienceclarified.com /Ga-He/Halogens.html (1884 words)

	Hydrogen halides as acids
		Fluorine is the most electronegative of all the elements and the bond between it and hydrogen is very polar.
		The familiar steamy fumes of hydrogen chloride in moist air are caused by the hydrogen chloride reacting with water vapour in the air to produce a fog of concentrated hydrochloric acid.
		A proton is donated from the hydrogen chloride to one of the lone pairs on a water molecule.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /inorganic/group7/acidityhx.html (2131 words)

	Chlorine And Fluorine Removal - Envirowise
		Fluorine and its compounds are also used to manufacture products (eg refrigerants and etching glass) but it is also a by-product of many processes, particularly in the ceramics industry, occurring mainly as the inorganic fluoride.
		Produced by the electrolysis of a hydrogen fluoride-potassium fluoride mixture, fluorine is in common use in the manufacture of fluorocarbons and fluorides, in chemical synthesis and in glass etching.
		When considering chlorine and fluorine removal there are two issues to consider - is the chlorine/fluorine present as the gas, or is it present as the chloride/fluoride in either gaseous or particulate form.
	www.envirowise.gov.uk /page.aspx?o=MBEN4PBHT5 (685 words)

	chembook.co.uk: CHEMISTRY IN PERSPECTIVE FOR BORED AND CONFUSED SENIOR SCOOL STUDENTS
		The existence and strength of the hydrogen bonds is a characteristic of fluorine's small number of shells combined with that part of its high effective nuclear charge which is due to its high proton:electron ratio.
		Silver chloride, bromide and iodide are so insoluble that they are precipitated from solutions of their soluble salts when aqueous silver nitrate is added.
		Fluorine does not form oxy-anions and the nett reaction of fluorine with water is b) + c).
	www.chembook.co.uk /chap16.htm (3629 words)

	Halogens as oxidising agents
		Fluorine oxidises water to oxygen and so it is impossible to do simple solution reactions with it.
		Fluorine is such a powerful oxidising agent that you can't reasonably do solution reactions with it.
		Fluorine produces a lot of heat when it forms its hydrated ion, chlorine less so, and so on down the Group.
	www.chemguide.co.uk /inorganic/group7/halogensasoas.html (1693 words)

	CHLORINE
		You will also find salts containing fluorine (as in the fluoride put into your toothpaste), iodine (as in the substance used to iodise table salt) and bromine (as in the bromide used on photographic film).
		Chloroform (a compound containing chlorine) was one of the early anaesthetics; halothane (a compound containing fluorine, chlorine and bromine) is now used in its place.
		The smallest atoms try to fill their electron shell most vigorously, and as fluorine is the smallest of the family, it is the most reactive.
	www.atlanticeurope.com /Elements/Chlorine.html (829 words)

	Module 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		chlorine + potassium bromide ----> potassium chloride + bromine
		Group 1 elements all react with oxygen to form oxides, with chlorine to form chlorides and with water to form alkalis.
		chlorine + potassium bromide ---> bromine + potassium chloride
	www.wbateman.demon.co.uk /gcse2003/gcsesums/modsum3/sum3.htm (858 words)

	Halogens for 1 to 16 year-olds: By Catherine Mullin, Loreto College, Coleraine.
		The halogens are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
		It reacts vigorously with sodium to form sodium chloride and will displace all of the other halogens from their ionic compounds(displacement reactions explained later).
		The trend is that as you descend the group, the reactivity of the halogen decreases.
	www.lcc.ukf.net /chem/halogens.htm (747 words)

	Fluorine, F2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Fluorine, F2, Physical properties, safety, MSDS, enthalpy, material compatibility, gas liquid equilibrium, density, viscosity, flammability, transport properties
		Uranium hexafluoride (UF) is produced by direct fluorination of uranium oxide or UF using fluorine.
		Sulfur hexafluoride (SF) or sodium fluoride are produced from fluorine.
	encyclopedia.airliquide.com /Encyclopedia.asp?GasID=84 (550 words)

	Risk Management Plan: Hometown, Tamaqua, PA Air Products Plant
		Anhydrous ammonia is used in a reaction fluorine to produce one of the fluorine derivative gases.
		The "worst-case scenario" (WCS), as defined by EPA, is associated with anhydrous hydrogen chloride and is a catastrophic failure in the hydrogen chloride railcar.
		For anhydrous hydrogen chloride, the ACS is the failure of a safety device on a single tube of a tube trailer, resulting in a release of 3000 pounds of hydrogen chloride over a 15-minute period.
	www.actionpa.org /fluoride/chemicals/rmp-hometown.html (1676 words)

	Group VII
		When fluorine atoms react with another element, they gain electrons to become fluoride ions.
		Chloride ions are present in Sodium Chloride (table salt).
		Chloride ions are present in almost everything we eat.
	www.purchon.com /chemistry/halogens.htm (335 words)

	Chapter 10 Section 4
		Both of these molecules are highly soluble, and are removed by redissolving in the ocean or by dissolving in rainwater and being redeposited in the ocean or on land.
		Methyl chloride has an atmospheric residence time of 1.5 years and is the most important natural source of chlorine for the stratosphere.
		The resulting fragment is a reactive radical and rapidly reacts to convert the chlorine and fluorine atoms to oxides and then to the acids HCl and HF.
	www.ccpo.odu.edu /SEES/ozone/class/Chap_10/10_4.htm (3076 words)

	Firehouse.Com HazMat Zone - The Street Chemist - The "Street Chemist" Part-8
		If fluorine was used it would be fluoride, and so on.
		When more than one atom of the same halogen is used in a compound, the prefixes "di" for two, "tri" for three, and "tetra" for four are used in front of the halogen name.
		If fluorine and chlorine were added to the butyl radical, the fluorine and chlorine would be named first.
	www.firehouse.com /training/hazmat/chemist/2002/5_chemist.html (1082 words)

	>> Agmat > Industry and Research
		Toxic elements (chloride, fluorine, heavy metals) are separated from the others or fixed in a bath in the form of inert products.
		The salts used in the bath (carbonates, sodium chloride, sodium, soda) are indeed in the environment are relatively inexpensive.
		The chloride may for example be trapped as NaCl in the bath.
	www.agmat.asso.fr /anglais/indus_rech/programme/textes/sel.htm (1318 words)

	[No title]
		Fluorinated pesticides that emit hydrogen fluoride when burned
		Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, and
		Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, hydrogen chloride,
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/2005/HYDROGEN.FLUORIDE.FIRE.html (395 words)

	Titanium - Halogen Corrosion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The corrosion resistance of titanium to moist chlorine gas and chloride containing solutions is the basis for the largest number of titanium applications.
		The limiting factor for application of titanium and its alloys to aqueous chloride environments appears to be crevice corrosion.
		On the other hand, fluorides chemically bound or fully complexed by metal ions, or highly stable fluorine containing compounds (e.g., fluorocarbons), are generally noncorrosive to titanium.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=1225 (652 words)

	Abstracts on phosphate fertilizers that cite effects of fluorine or fluoride
		The data on the rate of fluorine elimination show that it is the highest during the last two exposure hours, most manifested in the workers from the workshop TSP, less-in the workshop PhA and least--in the workshop NTPP.
		The concentration of fluorine ions in urine for the three groups of workers investigated, was increased as compared with control values, both by 6th h and during the last two hours.
		Zumpt I. Chronic fluoride poisoning in sheep and cattle was diagnosed on a farm in the Vredenburg district, Cape Province, and confirmed by laboratory analysis.
	www.fluoridealert.org /fertilizer.abstracts.htm (4551 words)

	GCSE Group 7 THE HALOGENS Revision Notes at Doc Brown's Chemistry Clinic. bthnwpb wpbchemhelp
		chlorine + potassium bromide ==> potassium chloride + bromine
		The sodium chloride is soluble in water to give a neutral solution pH 7, universal indicator is green.
		If aluminium or iron is heated strongly in a stream of chlorine (or plunge the hot metal into a gas jar of chlorine carefully in a fume cupboard) the solid chloride is formed.
	www.wpbschoolhouse.btinternet.co.uk /page03/The_Halogens.htm (1771 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		As the sample stream is passed through hot sodium chloride, the fluorine quantitatively liberates chlorine, which is measured at 350 m mu in a pressure-controlled flow colorimeter cell.
		The range of the analyzer, calibrated with standard fluorine-nitrogen mixtures, is 0.05 to 15 mole% of fluorine, using a 10-cm cell at 500 mm of Hg.
		The relative standard deviation of the fluorine analyzer is about plus or minus 1.5% above 0.8% fluorine, and the standard deviation is about plus or minus 0.04 (absolute) at lower levels.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4696943 (237 words)

	Shreeve - Publications
		A Cyclodisilazane and a 1,3-Diaza-2-stanna-4-silacyclobutane with Fluorinated Substituents on Nitrogen," Inorg.
		in Electrophilic Fluorination of Amines: A New Route to -NF2, -NHF, and >NF Compounds,” J. Chem.
		Xiao, J.-C.; Shreeve, J. “Microwave-assisted Rapid Electrophilic Fluorination of 1, 3-Dicarbonyl Derivatives with Selectfluor
	www.webpages.uidaho.edu /~jshreeve/pubs.htm (6886 words)

	Fluoride Chloride DRI/RDA,negative health/side effects, overdose, toxicity, nutritional requirements
		(sodium chloride) and with hydrogen to make stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), but while chloride is a
		Being one of the electrolytes, chloride works closely with sodium and potassium and is part of the
		of sodium chloride and potassium to be lost.
	www.acu-cell.com /fcl.html (1520 words)

	Kemira - Pro2000 & Silner respiratory filters Respiratory Equipment
		chlorine, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide, fluorine, cyanogen chloride, phosgene
		chlorine, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide, fluorine, cyanogen chloride, phosgene, solid and liquid particles, radioactive and extreme toxic particles, bacteria and virus
		chlorine, formic acid, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulphide, acid gases, sulphur dioxide and ammonia in concentrations below 0.1% by volume
	www.stratfords.com /respiratory/kemira_pro2000.html (405 words)

	ASYCUDA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Heading 2801 : Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine
		Heading 2806 : Hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid); chlorosulphuric acid
		Fluorinated, brominated or iodinated derivitives of acyclic hydrocarbons
	www.asycuda.org /onlinehs.asp?secode=06 (1939 words)

	chloride products Manufacturing & Service Supplier Directory-- 365chemnet.com
		Methyl Chloride Silane Monomer With Low Boiling Point
		Acroleic Acid Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride Enamel For External Use
		Aluminium-cored Chlorethylene Insulated Polyvinyl Chloride Sheath Circular Wire
	chemical.365sources.com /bulk/chloride.php (98 words)

	Safety & Health Services - Chemical Compatibilty
		Concentrations of 10% or higher in air are explosive.
		, Perchloric acid, Periodic acid, Phosphorous trichloride, Phosphoryl chloride, Potassium tert-butoxide, Silver difluoride, Silver fluoride, Sodium hydride, Sodium isopropoxide, Sodium perchlorate, Sulfur dichloride, Sulfur trioxide, Tetrachlorosilane, Thionyl chloride, Trifluoroacetic acid anhydride.
		Selenium should be kept away from strong oxidizers such as fluorine, bromine, chlorine and strong acids.
	www.bnl.gov /esh/shsd/Programs/Program_Area_Chemicals_Compatibility.asp (4487 words)

	HS Codes
		2827 - Chlorides/bromides/idodides and oxides thereof; chloride hydroxides
		290311 - Chloromethane (methyl chloride) and chloroethane (ethyl chloride)
		392041 - Rigid plates/sheets/film/foil/strip, of polymers of vinyl chloride, non-cellular, not reinforced/etc
	www.chemicalland21.com /arokorhi/HSC.htm (7219 words)

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