Consequent streams are streams whose course is a direct consequence of the original slope of the surface upon which it developed, i.e., streams that follow slope of the original land.
Resequent streams are streams whose course follows the original relief, but at a lower level than the original slope (e.g., flows down a course determined by the underlying strata in the same direction).
These streams follow courses that apparently were not controlled by the original slope of the surface, its structure or the type of rock.
Technically, a stream is said to be meandering when the ratio of actual channel length to the straight line distance between two points on the stream channel is greater than 1.5.
Two conditions often cause the reduction in discharge: reduction in the gradient of the stream and/or the reduction of flow after a precipitation event or spring melting of snow and ice.
In a meandering stream, point bars tend to be common on the inside of a channel bend.
Geomorphology is the study of the Earth's landscapes and landforms, the processes by which the landforms originated, their age, and the nature of the materials underlying them.
Fluvial geomorphology is the study of landforms and processes associated with rivers.
Studies of meandering streams show that a relationship exists between the width of a channel and the diameter of the meander loops, the larger the channel width, the larger the loop.
NSSH Part 629 - Glossary, A-C | NRCS Soils(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Landforms include playas, broad alluvial flats containing ephemeral drainageways, and relict alluvial and lacustrine surfaces that rarely, if ever, are subject to flooding.
The course of the stream channel is controlled by the pattern of the wedges, with beads (pools) occurring at the junctions of the wedges.
Block streams usually occur at the heads of ravines as narrow bodies that are more extensive downslope than along the slope.
Fluvial processes and fluviallandforms dominate land surfaces the world over, as opposed to the limited effects of glacial, coastal, and wind processes.
Fluvial action begins on the uplands of drainage basins, when precipitation intensity exceeds infiltration capacity and evaporation.
Be able to differentiate erosional from depositional fluviallandforms and what the three classes of fluvial processes are.
A stream that was established prior to the growth of the structure across which it cuts.
The stream was able to maintain its course as the structure was uplifted.
Hydraulic geometry of a supraglacial stream, Ragnarbreen, Spitsbergen Andrzej Kostrzewski and Zbigniew Zwolinski
members.aol.com /gls210/streams.htm (3280 words)
fluvial_landforms(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
However, most fluvial systems are actually part of a hierarchy, which means they are a subset of a larger system, for example the Platte River is a tributary of the Missouri, which is a tributary of the Mississippi.
It may have been carved entirely by the stream, excavated along a structurally weak zone (fault or joint zone), or may be entirely structural in origin (e.g.
Drainage basins are nested in a hierarchal system (stream order and magnitude are used to define the position of a stream segment in the hierarchy).
Switching to fluviallandforms, of which there are many varieties, we show first an archetype of dendritic drainage and then below, a part of a Landsat mosaic, in which the dendritic drainage has highly dissected the topography in flat-lying rocks.
Streams cause a wide variety of rock-based landforms: ridges; plateaus; mesas/buttes, canyons, etc. These landforms are often both spectacular and picturesque when developed in semi-arid and desert landscapes, as we have seen in the Southwest U.S. (pages 2-2 and 6-7.
Note how numerous streams seem to start at the contact between basin and mountain2 (this is a modern example of an unconformity) but actually are a continuation of uplands drainage that stands out especially in the white band facing left (a dissected pediplain, constructed from the fans).
Meandering Streams: Channel and Overbank [Athro, Limited](Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Most notable of these are 1) channel fill sediments left by point bars that are deposited in the slowly moving water on the inside of bends and 2) the overbank deposits.
As the stream migrates across the flood plain, the point bar leaves a deposit of laterally sands in the former path of the channel.
From the ground, this large scale fluvial geomorphological feature appears to be a gently rolling river bank.
landforms(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
stream meanders are too large relative to size of its valley.
A valley in karst that ends abruptly downstream at the point where its stream disappears underground as a sinking stream.
A valley formed by and containing sinkholes and disappearing streams, and therefore dry except during periods of such heavy rainfalls that the sinkholes cannot immediately drain the entire accumulation of water.
Course Overview(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
The goal of this course will be to provide students with an in-depth introduction to the study of fluvial processes and the landforms created by the actions of flowing water.
Specifically, this course will seek to provide students with a firm understanding of streams and stream channels – what they are, how they are formed, how they function, and how they change through time, especially in response to natural and anthropogenic environmental change.
The primary focus of the exercises and investigations will be on mapping and analyzing drainage networks and fluviallandforms; obtaining and analyzing flood records; surveying and describing stream characteristics; and identifying field evidence of fluvial response to environmental change.
streams(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Competence (caliber) is a function of velocity and slope whereas capacity is a function of velocity and discharge.
Anastamosing (multichannel): These streams superficially appear similiar to braided streams except the bars or islands are not formed by contemporaneous deposition but by erosion.
Antecedent stream: A stream that was established prior to the growth of the structure across which it cuts.
GEOG 312: Geography of Landforms Study guide for Exam 3(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
Stream Capture/Piracy : Elbow of Capture, overfit captor stream, underfit beheaded stream, relationship to structural control and time and stream power
Arid: corrasion/corrosion; flashiness; fluvial still dominates, but arroyos/wadis common, with influent streams; wind relatively significant; pediments; alluvial fans and bajadas
Note: Be prepared to produce labelled diagrams of landforms and processes on the test.