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Topic: Fly agaric

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Amanita

Agaricaceae

Amanita phalloides

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Cantharellaceae

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Amanita virosa

Psilocybe

	Amanita muscaria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fully grown, the cap is usually around 12 cm in diameter (up to 30 cm) with a distinctive blood-red colour (crimson, fading to yellow with age), scattered with white to yellow, removable flecks (warts), which are remnants of the universal veil, a membrane that encloses the entire mushroom when it is still very young.
		The active ingredient is excreted in the urine of those consuming the mushrooms, and it has sometimes been the practice for a shaman to consume the mushrooms, and the rest of the tribe to drink his urine: the shaman, in effect, partially detoxifying the drug (the sweat- and twitch-causing muscarine is absent in the urine).
		If a fly agaric is eaten, it is usually not fresh, but in its sun-dried form, where the hallucinogenic chemicals are more concentrated (ibotenic acid converted to the more stable and far less poisonous muscimol).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fly_agaric (932 words)

	Recreational Psychedelics
		The Fly Agaric is widely considered toxic to humans, but this is an unfair reputation, mostly stemming from its brightly coloured red and white cap which seems to advertise it as dangerous.
		The Fly Agaric's cousins, Amanita phalloides (Deathcap) and Amanita virosa (Destroying Angel), which are deadly poisonous may have contributed to the myth of its toxicity.
		Fly agarics contain muscimol and muscazone (in smaller amounts and less active than muscimol) both are CNS hallucinogens.
	entheogen.netfirms.com /articles/articles/aman.html (870 words)

	Fly Agaric Mushrooms--Amanita muscaria
		Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria mushrooms, the highly visible and strikingly beautiful mushroom is yellow to red in color and speckeled with white.
		Fly Agaric's history has it associated with both Shamanic and magical practices and it was identified as the "Soma" of the ancient (4000 BC) Rig Veda by Gordon Wasson.
		So Fly Agaric mushrooms have historical use as far back as we have history, and it shouldn't be hard to suppose that prehistoric man, in his activities as hunter/gatherer, recognized that there were mushrooms and other plants that had benefits not related to hunger.
	ethnogens.com /flyagmu.html (226 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Fly Agaric (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Fly Agaric, also called fly mushroom, one of the deadliest of the poisonous mushrooms.
		Fly agaric is common in open woods, wood margins, and roadside places, from early summer until the first frost.
		Fly, common name for members of an order of two-winged insects, the best known of which are the housefly, gnat, hover fly, fl fly, mosquito,...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Fly_Agaric.html (112 words)

	Fly agaric - Amanita muscaria: More Information - ARKive
		The fly agaric is an attractive, vibrantly coloured toadstool, which is familiar and instantly recognisable (3).
		The name fly agaric derives from the fact that since medieval times it was commonly used as a fly killer, broken up in milk or sprinkled with sugar (3).
		The fly agaric is found from August to November in Europe, and from June to October in North America (3).
	www.arkive.org /species/ARK/fungi/Amanita_muscaria/more_info.html (579 words)

	Samorini/mosche (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It was also found that flies were intoxicated also by the spores of fly-agaric and by Amanita pantherina, a mushroom species similar to fly-agaric containing the same active principles and endowed with the same hallucinogenic properties (for humans).
		All flying insects have a universally demoniac valence.
		mental illness is to the presence of flies in the head is as the inebriant effect of fly-agaric is to the presence of flies on the cap (head) of fly-agaric.
	www.samorini.net /doc/sam/flies.htm (3344 words)

	Fly agaric - Fly agaric - Fungi - Identify - Nature Detectives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Fly Agaric contains mycoatropine and muscarine, together with two other less poisonous Fly Agaric is poisonous as well as being hallucinogenic.
		Obviously, the psychotropic properties of Fly Agaric would have ensured its One possible reason that comes to mind is the Fly Agaric's habitat.
		The Fly Agaric is a source of muscimol, thought to have psychotropic activity.
	www.siteinfoworld.com /sfw/fly-agaric.html (229 words)

	Amanita muscaria -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Amanita muscaria is a (Any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota) basidiomycete (Fleshy body of any of numerous edible fungi) mushroom of the genus (Genus of widely distributed agarics that have white spores and are poisonous with few exceptions) Amanita.
		The name "Fly Agaric" comes from its (The 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use `Europe' to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles) European use as an insecticide: crushed, dipped, or sprinkled in milk.
		It has been suggested that the (One of the ancient Norse warriors legendary for working themselves into a frenzy before a battle and fighting with reckless savagery and insane fury) berserkers took the fly agaric before battle.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/am/amanita_muscaria.htm (795 words)

	Hiker's Notebook: Fly Agaric
		Common Name: Fly Agaric, (Used by northern European tribes since the 13th century to kill flies; Agaric is Greek for a fungus named for the Sarmatian town of Agaria)
		The Fly Agaric is common in almost every region of the northern hemisphere.
		The compounds responsible for the mind altering effects of Fly Agaric were identified in 1964 in laboratory experiments that involved killing flies and drugging mice.
	www.mwrop.org /W_Needham/Fly_Agaric_040829.htm (252 words)

	Santa Claus and Mushroom Shamanism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The fly agaric has been used for its entheogenic powers since archaic times by shamans of the region that is now the Netherlands and Siberia.
		In the case of the fly agaric, soaking rains are necessary for a mushroom to emerge out of the ground, hence the association with thunder and lightening.
		Clark Heinrich describes the blissful sensuality inherent in the fly agaric experience, "It is as if every pore of the body were a sexual organ in orgasm, and I am not overstating things." (9) The notion of ecstasy is a repeated theme in mushroom shamanism and Christmas alike.
	solsticestudios.net /santawriting.htm (6533 words)

	Plant Taxonomy - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Fly agaric is a circumboreal mushroom that grows in association (called mycorrhizae) with conifers (Christmas trees!?) and deciduous trees such as birch.
		In fact, the Fly agaric was the primary inebrient of these peoples until the 1500's when whalers and soldiers introduced vodka.
		It has been suggested, although it is most likely incorrect, that the Viking berserkers were inebriated with Fly agaric when they went on their barbaric raids.
	employees.csbsju.edu /ssaupe/essays/santa_mushroom.htm (341 words)

	Fly Agaric Mushroom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The beautiful "fly agaric" mushroom (Amanita muscaria) is unmistakable with its bright red cap covered with white scales (remnants of the membranous universal veil that once enveloped the entire stalk and umbrella-like cap).
		It contains the toxic, psychoactive alkaloid muscimole, so deadly to animals that the mushrooms were often left open in dishes to kill flies.
		The Aztecs may have fooled their conquerers into thinking that these religious plants were mushrooms, while the identity of one of their most spiritual and sacred plants (peyote) was actually a cactus.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /amanita.htm (158 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Divine Mushroom of Immortality (Fly Agaric Kamachadal) by Georg Heinrich von Langsdorf Frankfurt 1809 The plant kingdom is of immeasurable influence and usefulness for mankind, since it supplies most of our clothing, food, drink, and shelter.
		The medical science of primitive people consists entirely in their knowledge of the more or less efficacious plants, and everyday experiance confirms the fact that even a number of plants native ot our own regions are known to many uneducated nations almost more thouroighly than they are to us.
		Fly agaric is also the kind of mushroom that Vikings took to enter the "beserker" state for battle.
	www.textfiles.com /drugs/flyagaric.txt (547 words)

	Buckinghamshire and Milton Keynes Environmental Records Centre - Fly Agaric (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Fly Agaric is one of the easiest species of fungi to recognise.
		Fly Agaric is usually found in woods where it grows under birches and pine trees.
		Fly Agaric is poisonous although the effects of eating it can be unpredictable; some people are unaffected while others suffer from nausea and vomiting.
	www.bucksmkerc.org.uk /species/fly_agaric.htm (206 words)

	Drugscope - DrugSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Fly agaric mushrooms were used by medicine men or 'shamans' of north east Asia and Siberia.
		Fly agaric use is still rare but use of liberty caps has become quite common, especially amongst teenagers.
		Fly agaric has not been brought under the Misuse of Drugs Act.
	www.drugscope.org.uk /druginfo/drugsearch/ds_results.asp?file=%5Cwip%5C11%5C1%5C1%5Cmagic_mushrooms.html (802 words)

	Drugscope - DrugSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Magic mushrooms (except Fly Agaric) are usually eaten raw but are also dried out and stored for later use.
		Fly agaric use is more likely to result in unpleasant effects, including nausea and vomiting, stiffness of joints and lack of co-ordination.
		Strong doses (anything more than one fly agaric mushroom) may result in intense disorientation, convulsions and in some cases death.
	www.drugscope.org.uk /druginfo/drugsearch/ds_results.asp?file=/wip/11/1/1/magic_mushrooms.html (802 words)

	Amanita Muscaria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		However, the poisonous fly agaric (Amanita muscaria), can â” when young â” resemble small tumbleballs, so all puffball mushrooms should be sliced from top to...
		The magical-looking Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) came into Australia with exotic pines imported for plantations in the late 1800s.
		It has been suggested that the berserkerss took the fly agaric before battle.
	www.wikiverse.org /amanita-muscaria (938 words)

	Fungus of the month December 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		At the midwinter festivals, the shaman would enter the yurt through the smokehole, carrying a sack with dried Fly Agaric or urine from already intoxicated people, perform his ceremonies, and ascend the birch pole and leave.
		Therefore, Santa Claus is robed in red and white, the colour of the Fly Agaric; enters the chimney; can fly in a reindeer sleigh; carries the gift in a sack; and lives on the North Pole.
		Moreover, in Central Europe the Fly Agaric is linked with chimney sweeps, who have adopted it as their emblem, perhaps echoing the Siberian ritual.
	www.uio.no /conferences/imc7/NFotm99/December99.htm (1086 words)

	Fly Agaric (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Amanita Muscaria, also know as Fly Agaric, has been traditionally used by shamanic cultures for thousands of years and is well reported for its psychoactive properties.
		The fly agaric mushrooms are either consumed whole, chopped, placed in food or boiled into a tea.
		Fly Agaric extract with Damiana x10 is said to produce a calm dreamy state with visions.
	www.potseeds.co.uk /mushrooms/flyagaric.html (245 words)

	The Hallucinogenic Connection?
		The hallucinogenic principles of fly agaric are due to the presence of the chemicals ibotenic acid and muscimol, according to the International Mycological Institute at Egham, Surrey, England.
		His soul was thought to leave the body as an animal and fly to the otherworld to communicate with the spirits.
		Catherine of Genoa (1447-1510) used fly agaric to soar to the heights of religious ecstasy, according to Daniele Piomelli of the Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie de I'Inserm in Paris.
	www.christmaspast.info /stories/realstory/hallucinogenic.html (788 words)

	FLY AGARIC (AMANITA MUSCARIA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		FLY AGARIC (Amanita muscaria) is larger and more colourful than the other "'shrooms".
		Like OTHER AMANITA SPECIES, some of which are DEADLY, Fly Agaric begins with a button stage, when it is covered by a universal membrane, or veil.
		At this early stage, Fly Agaric is virtually indistinguishable from other, deadly Amanita fungi.
	museum.gov.ns.ca /poison/agaric.htm (174 words)

	agaric A Bookmarks
		Mr Bostock from Meltham has recently found a fly agaric toadstool in his garden and is a little concerned that it might be causing some damage to some of the...
		Almost 30 children and their parents were shown Fly Agaric, Birch Polypores, Puff Balls and many more fungi by club leaders Barbara Bampton, Auriel Glanville...
		Wimbledon Common is a hotbed of biodiversity, providing a home to species of mushroom including birch polypores, puffballs and fly agaric - a poisonous...
	www.iaswww.com /ODP/Bookmarks/A/agaric (267 words)

	Amanita muscaria : Fly agaric
		It grows on the ground in a number of different woodlands, although pine, spruce and fir are common.
		The name "Fly Agaric" comes from its use as an insecticide - crushed in milk, but it is sometimes consumed for its psychopharmacological effects.
		The active ingredient is excreted in the urine of those consuming the mushrooms, and it has sometimes been the practice for a shaman to consume the mushrooms, and the rest of the tribe to drink his urine: the shaman in effect is partially detoxifying the drug.
	www.fastload.org /fl/Fly_agaric.html (518 words)

	channel4.com - Real Wizards - text only
		Fly agaric The fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria) should not be confused with 'magic mushrooms' (Psilocybe cubensis).
		Both have psychoactive properties, but fly agaric is extremely poisonous.
		Psychoactive drugs A link that connects shamans, druids and witches is their use of psychoactive substances - from fly agaric to ergot to mandrake - in order to enter a trance.
	www.channel4.com /science/microsites/R/real_wizards/a_z_t.html (749 words)

	fly agaric, father christmas and… - articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		FLY AGARIC, FATHER CHRISTMAS AND LUNCH WITH A TOXICOLOGIST
		Reindeers would then eat the urine-covered snow as part of their normal grazing and also become intoxicated.
		'Flying' (intoxicated) reindeers with one sky-borne human (the shaman) who controls them the similarities in costume the bells and the belt the red and white of the mushroom the journey through the sky to deliver gifts all the elements of the modern day Father Christmas are there, creating a rather idyllic view of fly-agaric.
	www.vodoushaman.com /flyagaric.html (1935 words)

	Fly Agaric Toadstools - UK Safari
		Special features: The fly agaric has tiny, hair-like roots which attach themselves to tree roots.
		Small pieces of the fungi were added to a saucer of milk.
		Flies came to feed from the saucer and were killed.
	www.uksafari.com /flyagaric.htm (161 words)

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