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Topic: Foal

	FOAL—Foundations of Aspect-Oriented Languages
		FOAL 2006 in Bonn was a great success; thanks to the participants and to the program committee, and especially to Mira Mezini, the program committee chair.
		FOAL 2006 workshop proceedings are now available as a single file (in pdf format).
		Submissions to FOAL 2006 are to be made to the following URL http://continue.cs.brown.edu/servlets/foal06/submit.ss (Thanks to Shriram Krishnamurthi and for letting us use their continue software.) See the call for papers for details.
	www.cs.iastate.edu /~leavens/FOAL/index.shtml (352 words)

	Your first foal
		Foaling is a natural process, and many foals are born without human assistance.
		This rest period is crucial to the foal because the umbilical cord is still attached and a large, necessary volume of blood is passed from the mare to the foal during the five to 15 minutes that the two remain attached.
		Once the foal has been delivered, the next two important steps are the passing of the placenta by the mare and nursing by the foal.
	www.horses-and-horse-information.com /articles/0196foal.shtml (2456 words)

	Care of the foal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The newborn foal is usually able to stand within 10 to 60 minutes of being born.
		Most foals are able to begin nursing (drinking milk) from the mare one to four hours after birth.
		Therefore, it is very important that the foal receive an adequate amount of colostrum after being born or it will have no protection against disease.
	cvm.msu.edu /courses/AP/foalbirth/foal.htm (205 words)

	Foaling Protocols II - Vaughn Henry & Associates
		As the mare approaches foaling, her abdomen distends, the muscles over the tailhead and croup will soften and sink, her vulva lengthens and softens and her udder begins to fill with milk.
		The amnion usually ruptures as the foal's feet pass through the mare's vulva, and the amnionic fluid is released to lubricate the tract and allow the foal to pass with less friction.
		The toes of the foal's hooves should point upwards, otherwise the foal may be positioned upside down or it's a signal that there is an extended hind leg presentation, neither of which is desirable.
	members.aol.com /horsemngt/foaling2.html (1588 words)

	Nursing Foal Management
		In natural cases, the foal inherits this detrimental antibody from the sire, and sensitization of the mare is a result of transplacental hemorrhage late in gestation or during parturition.
		It is rare in foals born to first-foaling mares.
		Encouraging the foal’s nose to touch the milk replacer by lowering the hand in the milk as the foal is licking or suckling will help the foal "discover" the milk in the bucket.
	www.mofoxtrot.com /nursing_foal_management.htm (2097 words)

	BayerEquineConnection.com - Breeding and Foaling: Foal Growth
		One of the foal's first missions in life is to stand and nurse.
		Foals are commonly weaned at 5 to 6 months of age.
		To prepare the foal for complete weaning, its ration should be increased over a 2-3 week period to make up for the nutrients being lost in the diminishing milk supply.
	www.yourhorseshealth.com /Main/Conditions_Diseases/foal_growth.cfm (1058 words)

	Orphan Foal
		The mare may have to undergo surgery and recovery treatment that requires too long a separation from the foal or the mare is taken to a facility for therapy and the foal must be left at home.
		Whatever the cause, an orphaned foal is a problem and how that foal is managed for the first several months of its life will play a large role in its later development and in its eventual adjustment to life as an equine adult.
		These foals begin to prefer the company of humans and are anxious, afraid and unwilling to interact with other weanlings when they are later introduced to horses.
	www.maremeadows.com /Articles/orphan.htm (2042 words)

	Foal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A foal is a young horse of either sex.
		The mare needs plenty of water to help her produce milk for the foal and may benefit from a supplementary feed.
		From ten days of age a foal may start to eat solids and after eight to ten weeks it may need supplementary feeding as well as milk.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Foal (171 words)

	Thoroughbred Times: Search Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Although all foals shed R. equi in their feces, an increase in the quantity of organisms shed is a good indication that the foal's immune system is losing its battle against the organism and the foal is in imminent danger of contracting pneumonia.
		Some foals are born with a cleft palate, or a crooked head (from lying against the mare in an abnormal position, just as some crooked legs are due to being cramped for space in the womb).
		Foals left in fields with other mares and foals-as well as their dams, who have been moved to another part of the farm-often attempt to jump the fences between them, regardless of how many and how high they may be.
	www.thoroughbredtimes.com /search/searchdetail.asp?Category=Foals (17913 words)

	RAISING THE PRE-MATURE FOAL
		Foals are born with an immature immune system that is not yet fully functioning.
		The foal does not have antibodies in its bloodstream to fight off infectious organisms that are constantly present in the air we breathe, for example.
		If the foal does not receive antibodies through the mare's colostrum within the first 6-12 hours of life, it will not have resistance to common infections such as pneumonia, influenza, tetnus, and other common diseases.
	www.scottcreek.com /Premature_Foal.htm (2008 words)

	Arabian FOAL Disease/robot.txt FOAL.ORG
		S.C.I.D. SCID is a lethal disease of Arabian foals inherited as an autosomal recessive.
		Foals often cannot stand to nurse or the symptoms may not be seen for several weeks.
		Foals are often the result of a difficult birth, are unable to stand and nurse, have rigidity in their joints and may have rapid eye movements.
	www.foal.org /default.asp (278 words)

	Show Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Foals are commonly weaned at 4 to 6 months of age.
		Once the foal is no longer nursing, a 500-600 pound weanling should be eating between approximately 2 and 3% of its body weight in feed and forage a day.
		If you observe a foal’s limbs to be shaking, weak, or if the mare cannot keep up with the adult horses in a herd, the mare and foal need to be confined until the foal is rested.
	www.xcodesign.com /aaep/displayArticles.cfm?ID=63 (1239 words)

	Creep feeding the foal
		Foals will meet their nutritional needs in their first two to three months with mare's milk as long as the mare is milking properly.
		One of the most workable practices to ensure adequate nutrient intake for suckling foals is the use of a creep feeder.
		For most foals of light horse breeding, this amount of feed is approximately 1 pound (0.5 kg) of feed per month of age.
	home.att.net /~horsenutrition101/creepfeed.html (618 words)

	Foal Care
		This foal heat diarrhea was in the past thought to be caused by the hormone provided by the mare and passed to the foal via her milk.
		(Foals without mothers often go through the same process in the same timely fashion as those with mothers.) This foal heat diarrhea should not be confused with a more persistent and dangerous variety of diarrhea.
		If you are ready to adopt and see a foal that you want, we will hold a foal for a day or two, otherwise call us when you are prepared to adopt.
	www.lastchancecorral.org /foal_rescue/FoalCare.htm (2044 words)

	Morris Animal Foundation
		Nearly every foal is exposed to the bacteria that can cause pneumonia, many survive exposure and build immunity to the bacteria, but for some the infection is fatal.
		The easiest time to teach a horse to load into a trailer is when she is a foal, provided, of course, that her mother is not a "problem loader." When you load a foal with a calm mother, the foal will quickly lose its fear of trailers.
		The mare represents security to the foal, and it will follow her almost anywhere and in most cases, this training technique is all that is needed.
	www.morrisanimalfoundation.org /learn/animals/horses/foal.asp?section=0,1,2 (629 words)

	Foal-Gro Milk Replacer Manual (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The foal is weak and unable to nurse (e.g.) prematurity (born prior to 320 days of gestation); dysmaturity (full term but signs of prematurity); severe illness or malnutrition.
		The newborn foal is born with low reserves of vitamin A and vitamin E. Vitamin E in the milk replacer has been increased to 150 IU/kg to better support the young foal’s immune response.
		Foals should be fed approximately 8-10% of foal bodyweight (day 1) and gradually increased to 20%-25% by day 10.
	www.foal-gro.com /foal_manual.htm (3042 words)

	Home-The Newborn Foal
		Foals that take longer than this must be kept under close observation, as the foal must obtain its energy from the mareâs milk.
		Approximately 10% of foals do not receive sufficient antibodies to give adequate protection, and for this reason it is advisable to give any foal that may not have received adequate colostrum a dose of tetanus antitoxin in the first day of life.
		This is the faecal material that has accumulated in the foalâs bowel during its last few months in the mare and is usually in the form of hard pellets, which may vary in size and occasionally cause problems by becoming jammed in front of the foalâs pelvis.
	www.petalia.com.au /Templates/StoryTemplate_Process.cfm?specie=Horses&story_no=1247 (1118 words)

	Mares In Foal To Heza Lil Redneck
		She her foals should easily be horses born to the show ring.
		April is in foal to Red for a March, 2004, foal.
		She is in foal to Red for a 2004 May foal.
	www.geocities.com /lilprincessstables/RedsMaresInFoal.html (525 words)

	Last Chance Corral - Foal Rescue
		Traveling is very risky for these newborn racing foals, and insurance costs are prohibitive for the foal to accompany the mother to the stallion farm.
		Some healthy foals are quickly taken into their new homes, but many stay with us for longer periods of time, struggling to survive.
		Once a foal is in in stable health, these costs decrease dramatically, and are readily manageable by their new surrogate families (caring for one or two is a breeze compared to eight or twelve!).
	www.lastchancecorral.org /foal_rescue/foal_rescue.php (763 words)

	TheHorse.com: Foal Diarrhea
		Foal heat is due to normal physiological changes in the foalâs gut and usually occurs anywhere from day seven to 12 after birth.
		Foals are born with an immature immune system that has to develop for about 30 days in order for it to produce antibodies on its own.
		Disinfect the stall in which the foal is born to protect the foal from bacteria and viruses using a phenolic disinfectant.
	www.thehorse.com /printarticle.aspx?ID=365 (800 words)

	How to Care for a Foal - WikiHow
		The foal may need vaccinations or the mare may need treatment, a smaller paddock means you don't have to run after the mare whist scarring the foal.
		Talk to the foal, this will allow the foal to be able to hear you when you come and he will respond by nickering or even whinnying.
		Foals are cute, but they are also dangerous, Their legs are teh height of your belly, and a kick is faster and often not to be seen.
	www.wikihow.com /Care-for-a-Foal (1256 words)

	Foal - Free Music Downloads - MP3 Downloads - Download.com Music
		Foal's Chad Munson built an entire record from a 10-second sample of an acoustic guitar.
		Foal was created as a vehicle to push the usage of guitar in
		Foal’s debut CD “foliage” is due out on Andrew Duke’s Cognition Audioworks label mid 2004.
	music.download.com /foal/3600-8357-100625592.html (368 words)

	How to Rescue a Distressed Foal - eHow.com
		A premature foal is often too weak to nurse from its mother, and it's up to you to feed it.
		If the mare is nickering at the foal or cleaning and nuzzling it, she may be showing she is agreeable to "adopting" the foal.
		Foals will begin to nibble at grain from 2 days of age to 3 weeks.
	www.ehow.com /how_6062_rescue-distressed-foal.html (677 words)

	Foal Rejection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Therefore, any interference with the foal injesting colostrum within three hours of birth should be considered an emergency, whether it be an inability of the foal to stand and nurse due to illness, or the mare not allowing the foal to nurse (rejection).
		Foal rejection in any form must be treated promptly to have the best chance at reversing the behavior and, most importantly, to allow the foal to ingest colostrum.
		For example, if the mare and foal are turned out with other horses and another horse shows interest in the foal or the foal approaches another horse, the mare's maternal instincts might be stimulated and she might begin to guard the foal.
	www.princealbertstables.com /foal_rejection.htm (2295 words)

	Horse Care:Foal Hoof Care
		Before you expect your farrier to trim your foal’s hooves while your foal is tied, be sure you have thoroughly conditioned your foal to all of the portions of the experience.
		Later when the foal is a bit taller, the farrier will want to put the foal’s leg between his legs, so you’ll need to practice that before the foal is 4 months old.
		The foal’s hind hooves can be trimmed this way but eventually the farrier will want to rest the foal’s leg on his lap so he has both hands free to work.
	www.horsekeeping.com /horse_care/Cherry_Hill_foal-5.htm (536 words)

	LSU EHSP Patient Profile - Premature Foal
		Damion at one week of age with sleeve casts on all four limbs due to incompletely ossified (mineralized) bones in the carpi (knees) and tarsi (hocks).
		The foal was administered intravenous fluids and antibiotics through an IV catheter to restore his hydration and treat the infection.
		Talley is usually responsible for naming most of the foals because she spends so much time caring for them and holding them while doctors do unpleasant (in the foal’s opinion) tasks.
	evrp.lsu.edu /v8/8premature.asp (949 words)

	Vita Flex Foal Response @ Kyhorse.com
		Although bovine colostrum cannot replace equine-specific antibodies to certain pathogens, it appears to stimulate overall immune competence to a level equal to that of babies that are fed mother's colostrum.
		Every foal, whether born on a breeding farm or in your backyard barn, faces virtually the same set of immune and intestinal challenges.
		Whether breeding for sale or personal use, it is important to start your foal out with the foundations for a long, healthy and fruitful life.
	www.kyhorse.com /store/supplements/targeted/foalresponse.htm (486 words)

	HHT Name the Foal Contest for Hammersmith Hill Thoroughbreds
		Until the foals are given their own name the foal is known by his parents.
		Naming these foals (babies) is getting more and more difficult every year because there are so many of them and none of them are allowed to have the same name.
		A filly by Allaire Farm's Stallion was the foal used for the 2003 contest.
	www.hammersmithhillthoroughbreds.com /namefoalcontest.html (1146 words)

	Foaling Alarms - EquiPage - EquiFone Be there when your mares foal
		Most horse breeders and veterinarians agree that the best safeguard against losing a foal, and possibly a broodmare, is to have someone present when an expectant mare delivers.
		You never know when a slight difficulty during foal delivery may develop into a very serious or fatal condition, unless assistance is given at a critical moment.
		However, most farms do not employ full time foaling attendants or night watchmen, and breeders spend many sleepless nights watching and waiting for a foal to arrive.
	www.foalingalarm.com /index.htm (183 words)

	How to Take Care of a Foal - eHow.com
		From the minute a foal is born, there are things you can do to protect and care for it.
		If the foal is not breathing, gently twist its ear, slap its face or insert a straw into its nostrils until it sneezes.
		STEP 7: Know that foals are born without any natural immunity to diseases, but they can quickly acquire immunity from their mothers through the colostrum or first milk, which contains antibodies against diseases.
	www.ehow.com /how_10983_care-foal.html (775 words)

	Welcome to FOAL farm animal sanctuary
		The Friends Of Animals League (F.O.A.L) is a registered charity, having as its aims to take in as many sick, distressed and unwanted animals as possible; to restore them to health and happiness, and to place them in good (vetted) homes.
		All bitches that are brought to us are spayed, all cats spayed/neutered, all vaccinations brought up to date, other medication given where necessary, and those that leave FOAL for their new paths in life are in as good a condition as possible.
		Foal does not supply membership information to third parties.
	www.foalfarm.org.uk (686 words)

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