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Topic: Folk Culture

	Folk culture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Folk culture refers to the localized lifestyle of a subsistence or otherwise inward looking culture.
		Blue jeans and McDonald's are cultural icons which have, in contrast, been made so international that they have lost their original sense of place and are no longer considered folk culture.
		More recently, the consciously self-centered culture of the Amish has been portrayed for comic value in Hollywood films and big media reality shows, and the archetypal costume of the cowboy has been reinvented in gleaming silver for disco dancers and strippers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Folk_culture (347 words)

	Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture - Rize’s Folk Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In general, folk culture is described as the sum total of the material and spiritual works produced for their own needs within the bounds of conditions and opportunities by remaining distant from the outside influences of societies.
		The folk culture works are studied in two forms when the materials used are taken as a basis: the spiritual works based on words, behavior and sounds; nourishment, dress, shelter, in brief, those aimed at living and the material works put forth for consideration by using material assets.
		The first folk song is started by the head of the division of performers and later those next to him/her whisper, then after that all together, with the musical term, they sing in the form of a chorus.
	www.kultur.gov.tr /portal/default_en.asp?belgeno=2218 (9379 words)

	The Meaning of Folk Culture
		Folk culture goes further, believing that it is possible to create, to build, a positive, healthy, evolutionary society which provides the social conditions necessary for individuals to develop their natural character and their potential to the full.
		A cultured society is a society where the values of honour, loyalty and duty are upheld, and where they form the basic "code of practice" for those involved in public, or civic, life and are the basic rules which govern all the Institutions (military, Police, commercial, public, private, industrial and so on) of the society.
		A homeland is the place where a cultured folk dwells or where they settle, and it is a means to preserve, aid and develop the culture: a means to create and maintain a folk society founded upon and upholding a specific culture and striving to fulfil the specific Destiny of that culture.
	www.geocities.com /dwmyatt/essence1.html (7091 words)

	Changes in folk culture
		The cultivation of folk culture in amateur groups became popular both in urban and in rural areas, and when the cultural expression of Estonians was submitted to the guidance of Soviet cultural policy, the established system was subjected to centralized supervision.
		Folk dances performed for an audience followed the standard of ballet, folk song performance departed from the classical vocal technique of chamber music, the ideal of a folk instrumentalist was expected to be music-making in a symphony orchestra.
		To the cultural administrators, the evolved alteration in the aesthetic paradigm was largely incomprehensible and unacceptable.
	haldjas.folklore.ee /folklore/vol6/krifolk6.htm (2681 words)

	Folklore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Folk culture is both a representation and a reaffirmation of the total identity of a particular group, and it is learned by way of membership and interaction within the group.
		Folk culture was considered something that existed only within small, isolated, homogeneous, nontechnological groups, whose members were generally illiterate or nonliterate and lived in some form of preurban society.
		Folk refers to an old‑fashioned segment within a complex civilizationcivilization being "complex and usually wide‑spread culture characterized by advanced technological resources and spiritual achievements of high order (in science and art)." In Europe and Latin America, the lower stratum was considered identical with peasant society and rural social groups.
	www.ethnomusic.ucla.edu /courses/133/week2/folklore.htm (7127 words)

	What Is Folk Culture? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Folk Culture seeks to create a society where there is genuine freedom and a harmony, and believes that this involves us, as individuals, living by certain ideals such as honour.
		Folk Culture expresses the natural truth that for us to be healthy, free and live in harmony with Nature, we must respect Nature, and all the diverse creations of Nature, and seek to understand, appreciate, and add to our own ancestral culture while respecting all other cultures.
		Folk Culture has its own ethics, its own moral values, which is calls the Cosmic Ethic, as it has its own principles of law, believing that only these ethics and these principles of law can create a noble, free, society where people can live in harmony with Nature and with other human beings.
	www.geocities.com /davidmyatt/what.html (359 words)

	Catchcal.Com > Kaleidoscope > Culture > Dances > Folk Dance
		Folk dance is the brainchild of an integral society which celebrated all social festivals with pomp.
		Folk Dances have their roots in religions beliefs and conventions, poetic fancies, belief of early man in supernatural forces and his desires, dreams and passions which he could not otherwise give outlet to.
		All these folk dances from the other states of India are also relevant in context of Bengal, because the latter has always been known to be the land of the connoisseurs of art and culture.
	www.catchcal.com /kaleidoscope/dances/folk.asp (4645 words)

	Centre for Folk Culture Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Indian folk culture is a fascinating area of study owing to its multi-cultural and pluralistic composition.
		The folk perception of cosmos and its reflections in the spatio-temporal dynamics of folk societies are enlightened.
		Cultural performances are the ways in which the cultural content of a tradition is organized and transmitted on particular occasions through specific media.
	www.uohyd.ernet.in /sss/cfolkculture/folk_cul.htm (4493 words)

	PRESERVATION OF CULTURE: WHOSE CULTURE, WHICH PART AND HOW TO PRESERVE IT? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In response to rapid urbanization, cultural organizations, clubs and societies in Greece and the diaspora, both regional and generic, have been created whose stated purposes are to preserve their cultural heritage in an attempt to preserve their regional ethnic identity in a rapidly changing world.
		Greek folk dance researchers and enthusiasts are very aware of the regional cultural diversity found in Greece; the state's attempts at culture homogeneity for the sake of nation-building are at odds with preserving regional cultural diversity.
		The concepts of 'static' traditional cultures, a 'pure' racially homogeneous nation, the type of romantic nationalism prevalent in Greece in the 19th and 20th century, the rejection of 'diffusion' or cultural borrowing and state policies of politicizing culture many times tend to shape discussions of preservation of culture.
	www.filetron.com /grkmanual/iofa95.html (3905 words)

	Collections and Research Services (Archive of Folk Culture, American Folklife Center, Library of Congress)
		The Archive of Folk Culture mainly consists of the collections of the American Folklife Center.
		In 1978 it became part of the American Folklife Center and was subsequently renamed the Archive of Folk Culture.
		It consists of documentation of traditional culture from all around the world including the earliest field recordings made in the 1890s on wax cylinder through recordings made using digital technology.
	www.loc.gov /folklife/archive.html (231 words)

	Folk Culture
		This culture is passed from one generation to the next in a variety of traditional forms, in particular folk songs, fairy tales and word-of-mouth.
		Industrialisation is the villain of the situation, in that it destroyed much of the basis of folk culture by forcing people away from agriculture into towns and factories, breaking-up the traditional communities on which much of this traditional culture was based.
		Unlike traditional folk culture which was seen to be active and participatory, popular culture was seen to be characterised by its passivity.
	www.sociology.org.uk /p2t3b.htm (919 words)

	St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture: Folk Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Since folk songs were remembered rather than written down, they changed over time--sometimes gradually over centuries, sometimes all at once at the hands of a particularly innovative interpreter.
		Popularity itself does not disqualify a song as folk music, but some musicologists claim that it ceases to be folk when it conforms to mainstream styles and tastes.
		American folk music is among the richest and most variegated in the world, owing to the many ethnic groups that make up the American people.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g1epc/is_tov/ai_2419100457 (898 words)

	TEACHING FOLK DANCE: PURPOSES INFORMING METHOD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The present form of presenting folk dance performances has had limited success; a more viable vehicle must be created that presents the totality of folk culture in a palatable manner that helps to create a wider customer appeal and simultaneously can promote and preserve folk culture as well as entertain and educate.
		The three main functions of folk dance in the village are social interaction as part of the structured life of the villager, enjoyment leading to dance ecstasy and catharsis.
		Those who are in the position to critique folk art must delicately balance their commentaries, fulfilling the need to demand quality work without discouraging and thus undermining the building of the "new generation" of teachers and sometimes alienating the few experienced individuals who have achieved a level of quality in the folk arts.
	www.filetron.com /grkmanual/iofa93.html (5469 words)

	Folk Culture
		If in the other arts, folk creation was doubled by cultured creation quite early, fiction was for a long time the domain of folklore.
		Folk literature, displaying a great variety of forms in all genres, is also the field where the Romanian soul is best expressed.
		The hollers that accompany folk dance are forms of biting irony or barely veiled declarations of love, while the proverbs are real bits of philosophical systems.
	www.itcnet.ro /folk_festival/folk.htm (3014 words)

	Folk culture (from Poland) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Regional dress, regional forms of speech, peasant arts and crafts, and religious and folk festivals have all been swamped by mass culture from the new cities and the media.
		Folk art is the creative expression of the human struggle toward civilization within a particular environment through the production of...
		Folk art in its broadest sense means art derived from a people, or folk, as distinguished from the products of professional artists.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-28269?tocId=28269 (909 words)

	Folk culture -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Folk culture is a general term for traditional, popular culture.
		Folk costumes, such as the (Click link for more info and facts about bunad) bunad
		:For the "Folk Culture" philosophy, see (Click link for more info and facts about David Myatt) David Myatt.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fo/folk_culture.htm (85 words)

	Folk Culture
		This Folk form is a unique Folk culture form typical to the 'Dinajpur' region.
		Folk artistes of this district are socially conscious.
		Songs of these Folk cultural forms are typical of neighbouring districts (Gambhira in Malda; Bhawaiya in Cooch-Bihar) and 'Bauls' are seen performing throughout the district.
	ddinajpur.nic.in /Folk_Culture/folk_culture.html (436 words)

	LFCC - Lithuanian Folk Culture Centre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Being engaged in ethnic culture research and generalisation, the Centre cares for the continuation and renewal of cultural traditions.
		The Lithuanian Folk Culture Centre, within the limits of its competence, introduces into life the provisions of cultural policy outlined by the state.
		It analyses activities of municipal culture centres, initiating measures for the improvement and diversification of contents and form of their work.
	www.lfcc.lt /kc/indexen.htm (216 words)

	Warsaw Voice - Folk Culture
		An event called Ethnic Inspirations-Community in Culture will be held in Warsaw Nov. 25-28, dedicated to promoting artists who draw from Polish culture and those of other nations and ethnic groups.
		The festival is designed to present Warsaw as a cultural melting pot-a city open to the overlapping influences of many cultures.
		The festival will be held at the Rakowiec Culture Center, 8 Wiślicka St. and the Center of Creative Activities, at 36a, 1 Sierpnia St. Admission is free.
	www.warsawvoice.pl /view/7044 (149 words)

	GNM - Collections: Folk Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Since 1995, the costumes and domestic textiles of the folk culture collection are curated by the museum's textile department, together with all other clothing and textiles.
		Of particular importance within the folk culture collection, which encompasses all aspects of traditional folk art, is the large stock of furniture from rural domestic contexts.
		In correspondence with a reorientation within the field of ethnographic research in the last few decades, the folk culture department is now also responsible for the area of everyday popular culture.
	www.gnm.de /English/Sammlung_VKE.htm (338 words)

	A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology, and Folk Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Albanian traditional folk culture, which evolved over centuries of relative isolation, is surprisingly rich.
		The Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology, and Folk Culture makes available for the first time a wealth of knowledge about Albanian popular belief and folk customs.
		It is the first attempt, that I know of at least, to try and catalogue the mythology of a culture that at worst was a contemporary of the ancient Greeks.
	encyclopedia.classic-literature.co.uk /dictionary-store/0814722148/A-Dictionary-of-Albanian-Religion-Mythology-and-Folk-Culture.html (493 words)

	Museum of Greek Folk Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Parenthetically, the Society "The Friends of the Museum of Greek Folk Art" (1989) assists in furthering the various objectives of the Museum and is responsible for the operation of the Museum Shop.
		n the field of research, which is largely concerned with the study and investigation of Greek traditional culture, the Museum of Greek Folk Art collaborates through research and other programmes with related scholarly institutions and organisations (Universities, Research Centres, museums) for the realisation of its research projects.
		In this context the Museum created in 1989, in collaboration with the Peloponnesian Folklore Foundation and the Lyceum of Greek Women, and under the aegis of the Department of Folk Culture of the Ministry of Culture, the National Archive of Greek Traditional Costume.
	www.culture.gr /4/42/421/42101/42101t/e42101a.html (572 words)

	Lokmahotsav is by the people, for the people, of the people & a reflection of the socio- anthropological evolution ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A cultural manifestation of the hidden age-old traditional performing art of a vast geographical area is possible through this annual celebration of the festival in the name of”
		Going back to a decade past, a constellation of sensible connoisseurs of culture and artists of this land, in the name of Artist Forum conceived a State level folk festival at Sambalpur to present the folk performing art on a single platform with a sincere motive of research, documentation, presentation and promotion.
		The District Council of Culture, Sambalpur, celebrates the festival in collaboration with the Department of Tourism and Culture, Government of Orissa and Eastern Zone Cultural Center, Kolkatta.
	www.lokmahotsav.com (494 words)

	Québec Museum of Folk Culture - General informations
		The Québec Museum of Folk Culture was created in December 2001.
		The Québec Museum of Folk Culture is a museum about society, a theme museum, which highlights the folk culture of times past and present in all its richness and diversity.
		The Québec Museum of Folk Culture has also taken on the mandate of acquiring, preserving and documenting a national heritage of folk culture, which it highlights by means of exhibitions, cultural activities and animation.
	www.culturepop.qc.ca /english/information (213 words)

	CENTRE FOR FOLK CULTURE SKÆLSKØR
		The Centre for Folk Culture is an association, whose purpose is to collect, register and promote different facets of Danish folk culture, especially song, music, dance, singing games, stories and reminiscences.
		Promotion of the musical folk culture is an important part of Cenfo’s work – drawing attention to the fact that there is living material all around us, and that there are dusty archives full of stuff waiting to be brought out and built upon.
		We create a space where the people who are the folk culture can find a voice.
	www.cenfo.dk /engelsk.htm (185 words)

	Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture - Folk Medicaments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Finally, the attitude of the public in the parts that are traditionally structured is formed with the effect of the culture.
		On the other side, some people, who are educated or uneducated, poor or wealthy are still applying to the methods not related with modern medicine and some applications such as being affected by an evil eye, visiting the mausoleums and going to bone settlers can usually be seen.
		However, still the researches made show that there is a tendency from traditional medicine to modern medicine and this tendency is quick or slow according to the socio cultural and economic conditions of places.
	www.kultur.gov.tr /portal/kultur_en.asp?belgeno=1571 (1988 words)

	Folk culture, commodification and Disney films (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		These lectures use theories of cultural commodification (Adorno and Horkheimer, etc) to explore Disney's appropriation of folk culture, both in the sense of folklore/fairy tale, and in the sense of ethnic folk cultures.
		Ways in which the status of the individual changes as folk forms become mass forms in the adaptation both of fairy tale narratives and of ethnic folk cultures.
		While film is obviously a mass cultural form, there are ways in which it operates as a popular culture, or even mimics folk forms.
	users.iafrica.com /m/me/melisant/academic/disneyoutline.htm (362 words)

	Oral Folk Culture Dictionaries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences work is being carried out on a lexical description of the language of Russian folklore according to genre distinctions.
		A model of the lexical entry in a thesaurus, a variant of which appears in S. Nikitina's book "Oral Folk Culture and Linguistic Consciousness" (Moscow, 1993), serves as the main instrument for investigating the folklore word.
		At the present time, with a varying degree of completeness in the commentary, more than one hundred words in the texts of religious verses and lamentations have been described.
	www.virginia.edu /slavic/seefa/ORALFOLKDICT.HTM (353 words)

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