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Topic: Fore-and-aft rig

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The Square Rigging Sailing ships are rated based on how they are rigged, and the most important aspect is where they are rigged with square sails and where they carry fore-and-aft sails. The barque has three or more masts and carries square sails on all but the aftermast, which is fore-and-aft rigged. The barquentine has three or more masts and carries square sails only on the foremast, and fore-and-aft sails on the rest. www.infa.abo.fi /~fredrik/sships/square-rigging.html

Shipbuilding Terms In fore and aft rigged vessels (ie schooners) the boom is a permanent and important spar at the foot of the mainsail and also of the foresail and the mizzen. Hoop: In fore and aft rigged vessels the wooden hoops that secure the luff of the sail to the mast and slide up and down it when the sail is hoisted or lowered. Gaff: A spar to which the head of a four sided fore and aft sail is laced and when it is hoisted carries the sail up with it. collections.ic.gc.ca /vessels/terms.htm

Definition of Fore from dictionary.net Fore body (Shipbuilding), the part of a ship forward of the largest cross-section, distinguisched from middle body abd after body. Fore plane, a carpenter's plane, in size and use between a jack plane and a smoothing plane. Fore hammer, a sledge hammer, working alternately, or in time, with the hand hammer. www.dictionary.net /fore

New Jersey Scuba Diver - Artifacts & Shipwrecks - Sailing Ships The fore-and-aft rig is also much more suited to sailing into the wind, which makes schooners far more useful for coastal and even inland routes than square-rigged sailing ships, which are more efficient on long down-wind ocean voyages. Note that the aft mast carries only fore-and-aft-rigged sails, disqualifying this as a "ship." On square-rigged ships, much of the rigging, including the upper masts and outer spars, could be taken down or erected at sea as needed, and was stored on deck or below when not in use. www.njscuba.net /artifacts/ship_sailing_ship.html

Guide to Sailing Ship Rigs Infosheet Sailing ship rigs can be divided into two broad categories: the "fore and aft rig" (left), in which the sails lie along the same plane as the ship's fore and aft line; and the "square rig" (right), in which the sails are rigged athwart (across) the ship. The fore and aft rig, or schooner rig, required only a small crew, and was generally used in the coastal and fishing trades. The square rig was normally an offshore rig used by vessels making long ocean passages and taking advantage of the prevailing wind and current patterns of the globe. museum.gov.ns.ca /mma/AtoZ/rigs.html

Brigantine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In modern parlance, a brigantine is a principally fore-and-aft rig with a square rigged foremast, as opposed to a brig which is square rigged on both masts. (b) A vessel with two masts square-rigged like a ship's fore- and main-masts, but carrying also on her main-mast a lower fore-and-aft sail with a gaff and boom. A brig differs from a snow in having no try-sail mast, and in lowering her gaff to furl the sail. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Brigantine

The Privateer Sabine The disadvantage to fore and aft rigging is the lack of speed due to the limited amount of sail that you can put up. The entire mast is rigged with square sails while the lower section is rigged with a fore and aft sail as well. Rigging a ship means attaching its sails to its masts, the tall poles that stick straight up out of the deck, so it can catch the wind and propel itself along the water. web.tampabay.rr.com /claviger/primer2.htm

Glossary Schooner rigs were most common on fishing boats and small coastal traders. A four-or-more-masted vessel is usually going to be rigged as a schooner or a barkentine. The largest sailing vessel ever built was the American schooner Thomas W. Lawson, which was built early in the twentieth century with a steel hull and seven count’em seven masts. collections.ic.gc.ca /shipwrecks/gloss.htm

Fore & Aft Sailing Craft - Phillips-Birt, Douglas The fore and aft rigged yacht as we know it today has behind it a long and fascinating history of working craft from every part of the world; that story is told here in a wealth of detail and numerous plans and illustrations. Fore & Aft Sailing Craft - Phillips-Birt, Douglas Dust jacket rubbed with several small tears along top edge, 8vo in navy cloth, blueprint endpapers, 142 illustrations, index, clean and tight with no marks, Very Good. www.crawfordsnautical.com /si/27942.html

Glossems on Historical Events, Conditions and Movements: Sailing Vessels of the 18th Century. A schooner is a small sea-going fore-and-aft rigged vessel (versus squared rigged), originally with only two masts, carrying one or more topsails. The rig characteristic of a schooner has been defined as consisting essentially of two gaff sails, the after sail not being smaller than the fore, and a head sail set on a bowsprit. More particularly: A sailing vessel of particular rig; in 17th c. www.blupete.com /Hist/Gloss/Ships.htm

Good Old Boat: The fore-and-aft rig by Ted Brewer For these and other reasons, such as rating handicaps and manufacturing economy, the Bermudan rig is vastly in the majority today for cruising and racing, while new gaff-rigged craft are few and far between. And, of course, the rig is still being developed with newer materials, fully battened sails, mechanical vangs, in-mast reefing, sprit rigs with wishbone booms, and so forth. Safety in cruising is having sufficient windward ability to claw off a lee shore in a gale, but only if the rig can be handled by a short-handed crew. www.boatus.com /goodoldboat/foreaftrig.htm

ShipeDescription Because the try sails are rigged fore and aft they assist in the maneuverability of the ship during the storm. Schooner or Sloop Rigged: Sails rigged fore and aft but sometimes carrying a square rigged top sail on the mainmast. These gaffs are there to rig fore & aft sails in the even of storms. www.geocities.com /cutthroadisland/ShipDescrip.html

MSN Encarta - Search Results - fore-and-aft rig Yawl, class of fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel, having a mainsail farther forward than that of a sloop and a small mizzenmast abaft, or astern,... MSN Encarta - Search Results - fore-and-aft rig Ketch, fore-and-aft-rigged, two-masted sailing vessel, with the mizzen or jigger mast to the fore of the rudder post. ca.encarta.msn.com /fore-and-aft_rig.html

Ships note Barques (fore and main masts square-rigged, the mizzen fore-and-aft) and barquentines (foremast square, main and mizzen fore-and-aft) were rare at the time and the multi-masted monster barques, barquentines and schooners of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were unheard of, since they are impractical in wooden vessels. The distinction between brigs and brigantines is not rigidly adhered to, largely because vessels like Sophie carried either a fore-and-aft or a square mainsail, sometimes wearing both at once, just as ships frequently (if not usually) wore a fore-and-aft "driver" mizzen sail instead of the square course. The distinction between fore-and-aft and square-rigged masts was not so clear at the time as later, since topsails on fore-and-aft rigged masts were normally square, even in cutters, the gaff topsail being indeed against Royal Navy regulations. www.cleverley.org /navy/shipnote.html

Marine Life Society of South Australia Inc A schooner, apart from being a beer glass, is a small two-masted ship that is fore and aft rigged. A brigantine is said to be a "two-masted vessel with the fore mast being square-rigged, and the after mast fore and aft rigged". As described at the beginning though, a brigantine is a "two-masted vessel with the fore mast being square-rigged, and the after mast fore and aft rigged". www.mlssa.asn.au /nletters/august2004.htm

Sail Baltimore Fore and aft rigged vessels include Topsail Schooners, Schooners, Ketches, Yawls, Cutters and Sloops. Barque has a minimum of three masts two of which are square-rigged, except the aft (mizzen) which is fore and aft rigged. Topsail Schooner can be distinguished by square sails on the foremast, but differs from the brigantine and barquentine by having a gaft sail aloft the foremast. www.sailbaltimore.org /shiptypes2.htm

Ye Olde Booke O' Seadogs: Sails Sails generally can be divided into two distinct types, those used in square-rigged ships which are set on horizontal yards crossing the masts and those used in fore-and-aft rigged ships which are set from their luffs on masts or stays. There are areas where these two types of sail are used together, as with the staysails and spanker of a square-rigged ship or the occasional square sail set from a yard when running before the wind in a fore-and-aft rigged ship. The two exceptions to this general rule are lateen sails and lugsails which, though set on a yard, are generally accepted as fore-and-aft sails. vamos-wentworth.org /seadog/seadog.php?menu=parts&subject=sails

Sailing glossary english glossar Square rigged on foremast, fore and aft rigged on the others. Rig: The arrangement of a boat's mast, sails and spars Rigging: The cables and lines that support or control a boat's rig www.sailors-forum.com /Glossary_English.htm

Rigging of American Sailing Vessels The sloop is a small vessel with one mast and a fore and aft rig. The foremast is made in three spars in square rigging, but the main- and mizzenmast carry hoist-and-lower mainsails and gaff topsails of the schooner type. The mizzenmast carries no yards: there is a hoist-and-lower fore-and-aft sail and a gaff topsail. www.pem.org /archives/guides/rigs.htm

DRAWING SHIPS #1 If her mainmast has a mainsail like a schooner's with a three-cornered gaff-topsail above it and no yards, while the foremast remains square rigged, the vessel is called a half brig or hermaphrodite brig. At the command "Lay aloft and furl," the men scramble up the rigging and out on the yard by means of the foot ropes, bundle the sail into a tight roll, lash it securely with gaskets (short ropes on the yard for that purpose), and the operation is complete. A ship, strictly, is a three-masted sailing vessel square rigged on all three masts. www.angelfire.com /ar/rogerart/seven.html

OTHER SHIP TYPES Fore and aft rigged small vessel, a speciality of the North American colonies, first in Royal Naval service in the 1760s. Later numbers of bomb vessels, also of two masted sloops and yachts, were ketch rigged, but the rig was going out of favour with the Navy by the middle of the eighteenth century. Small single masted sailing cargo vessel, gaff rigged with single fore sail. website.lineone.net /~cherbil/Ships/otherships.htm

Nautical Terms You Outta Know, Matey! A vessel with a single mast, with a fore-and-aft rigged mainsail, and a single fore-and-aft rigged jib foresail. A vessel with a fore-and-aft rigged sail, mounted on a fore-and-aft yard extending from a verticle mast. A two-mast vessel, with fore-and-aft rigged sails on both masts. www.warmaster.net /ogb/february.html

Ships of the World: An Historical Encyclopedia - - Glossary A fore-and-aft rig in which the primary sails abaft the mast are trapezoidal in shape: the bottom of the sail is attached to the boom, the luff (or forward edge) to the mast, and the head to a spar called a gaff. A fore-and-aft rig in which the mainsail is triangular in shape; also called Marconi rig. A continuous row of hull planking (in a wooden ship) or plating (in an iron or steel ship) running fore and aft. college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/ships/html/sh_000109_glossary.htm

Types of Sailboat Riggs, your online guide to Charleston, South Carolina About 1840, longer vessels with three masts, fore-and-aft rigged, came into use, and since that time vessels with four masts and even with six masts, so rigged, are built. Cutter : (a) A single-masted, fore-and-aft-rigged sailing vessel with two or more headsails and a mast set somewhat farther aft than that of a sloop. The typical sloop has a fixed bowsprit, topmast, and standing rigging, while those of a cutter are capable of being readily shifted. charlestonarea.com /sailing_terms.htm

yawl on Encyclopedia.com sailing vessel, usually fore-and-aft rigged, with a large mainmast forward. It carries a mainsail and jibs and a much smaller mizzenmast abaft the rudder post. www.encyclopedia.com /html/y1/yawl.asp

THE TALL SHIPS. Pirates, Buccaneers, Privateers & Swashbucklers. Castlebound Enterpises. This unique vessel ship can be rigged with many combinations of square or fore-and-aft sails which makes her more versatile than other ships. The "Golden Plover" is square-rigged on the main mast & fore-and-aft rigged on the mizzenmast. A large Chinese vessel with a high poop deck, prominent stem, full stern and lug sails. www.vleonica.com /ships2.htm

Glossary: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Men stationed in the foretop (platform over the head of the lower mast) in readiness to set or take in the smaller sails, and to keep the upper rigging in order. The hull does not include the vessel's masts, rigging, or internal fittings such as boilers and engines. That section of the coast of Newfoundland where, from 1713, the French possessed the right to fish in season. www.heritage.nf.ca /glossary.html

ASTA - Tall Ships® Racing - Vessel Classes Fore and aft rigged vessels of 160' (48.8m) (LOA) and over. Fore and aft rigged vessels of between 100' (30.5m) and 160' (48.8m) LOA. Fore and aft vessels include:- Topsail Schooners, Schooners, Ketches, Yawls, Cutters and Sloops. tallships.sailtraining.org /classes.htm

FORE AND AFT Lexington, whose silhouette has been altered by the earlier removal of her 8-inch gun turrets, has planes parked fore and aft, and may be respotting her deck in preparation for launching aircraft. Details of this depiction are inaccurate, especially the elongated gun ports shown fore and aft of the smokestack. From end to end, from stem to stern, from head to foot, from the crown of the head to the sole of the foot, from top to toe; fore and aft. www.websters-dictionary-online.net /definition/english/FO/FORE+AND+AFT.html

HistoryLink Essay: Wawona, Pacific Lumber and Codfishing Schooner His shipyard, established in 1879, eventually built more than 75 schooners (a schooner is a fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel) and four square-rigged ships. Her builder, Hans Bendixen, was a Danish shipwright who arrived in San Francisco in 1863. In 1914, Wawona was sold to the Robinson Fisheries Company of Anacortes, Washington, for employment in the Bering Sea codfishing trade. www.historylink.org /_output.CFM?file_ID=2072

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