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Topic: Foreign direct investment

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	Foreign Direct Investment
		Clearly the factor enticing foreign investors could not have been the legal systems in the postcommunist countries: in the early 1990s their laws and legal institutions were generally incapable of addressing the many issues that arise in a market-based economic system.
		Foreign investors and their advisors are much better suited to identify the exact changes needed in the legislative framework to facilitate FDI than a guru flying in for a weekend of diagnostic analysis.
		Serious foreign investors, largely multinational firms, play a vital role in training and educating individuals and in developing a cadre of citizens who understand and accept those practices and concepts that are critical to creating a civil society and respect the rule of law.
	www.worldbank.org /html/prddr/trans/marapr02/pgs11-13.htm (1409 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment Law
		The objective of this Law is to encourage foreign direct investments; to protect the rights of foreign investors; to define investment and investor in line with international standards; to establish a notification-based system for foreign direct investments rather than screening and approval; and thus regulate the principles to increase foreign direct investments through established policies.
		Foreign direct investments shall not be expropriated or nationalised, except for a public purpose and upon compensation in accordance with due process of law.
		Foreign investors shall submit statistical information on their investments according to the procedures and principles to be determined by a regulation to be enacted by the Undersecretariat.
	www.turkisheconomy.org.uk /investment/fdi.htm (813 words)

	The Daily, Wednesday, May 24, 2006. Foreign direct investment
		Direct investment is a category in the financial account of the international investment position, which refers to investment of a resident entity in one country obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in another country.
		Direct investment assets in the United States increased $17.4 billion to $213.7 billion, mostly as a result of capital outflows to existing operations located south of the border.
		At the end of 2005, foreign direct investment assets were mainly in the finance and insurance industry (44%), in the energy industry (12%) and in the metallic minerals industry (11%).
	www.statcan.ca /Daily/English/060524/d060524a.htm (1192 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In introducing the series on foreign direct investment, the experience of Ireland as one of the most successful FDI destinations during the past decade, is highlighted.
		Foreign direct investment has positioned Ireland as a significant participant in a global business environment, at a level well beyond that which might be expected in a country of similar population size or natural resource base.
		The level of US foreign direct investment could be regarded as a weakness in terms of exposure, but the Irish regard it as a source of strength, as the US has been particularly focussed over the last twenty years in generating new technologies and new companies.
	www.economist.com.na /2001/160301/story11.htm (780 words)

	Foreign direct investment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Foreign direct investment (FDI) is defined as a long term investment by a foreign direct investor in an enterprise resident in an economy other than that in which the foreign direct investor is based.
		Greenfield investment: direct investment in new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities.
		Horizontal Foreign Direct Investment: is investment in the same industry abroad as a firm operates in at home.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Foreign_direct_investment (1047 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment Acquisitions and Divestitures for the Year 2004
		Direct acquisitions of U.S. energy assets by foreign investors have been exhibiting large year-to-year fluctuations in recent years, primarily because of two very large transactions in 1998 and 2000 and several other large deals near $10 billion.
		Direct acquisitions by foreign investors are purchases, made directly or indirectly by the initial foreign direct investor, which result in the investor owning 10 percent or more of the voting securities of an incorporated U.S. business enterprise or the equivalent interest in an unincorporated U.S. business.
		Direct divestitures were led by the petroleum refining and marketing combined with mid/downstream natural gas segment, with one refinery and several pipeline divestitures.
	www.eia.doe.gov /emeu/finance/fdi/adindex.html (1265 words)

	Investment in India - Foreign Direct Investment - Approval,India Finance & Investment Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Investments in high-priority industries or for trading companies primarily engaged in exporting are given almost automatic approval by the RBI.
		Total foreign investment in IFY 1997-98 was estimated at dols 4.8 billion in 1997-98, compared to dols 6 billion in 1996-97.
		Foreign portfolio investment by foreign institutional investors was significantly lower at dols 752 million for fiscal 1997-98, down compared to dols 1.9 billion in1996-97, partly reflecting the effect of the recent crisis in Asia.
	finance.indiamart.com /investment_in_india/fdi_approval.html (497 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment Statistics
		Foreign investment interest in Indonesia has fallen substantially since the onset of the economic crisis in mid-1997.
		Recent statistics showed that foreign investment approvals fell by 80 percent in the first quarter of 1999 compared to the same period in 1998.
		Foreign investment in oil, gas, mining, banking and insurance all fall outside BKPM's purview; there are several billion dollars more annual foreign investment in these sectors.
	www.aiccusa.org /foreign_investment_statis.htm (727 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Foreign direct investment is investment made by a foreign individual or company in productive capacity ofd another country.
		Greenfield investment : It is the direct investment in new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities.
		India is now the third most favoured destination for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), behind China and the USA, according to an AT Kearney survey that tracked investor confidence among global executives to determine their order of preferences.
	www.indianindustry.com /foreigndirectinvestment.html (495 words)

	Direct Foreign Investment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		However, the rate of foreign investment is far too slow to the general expectation.
		It is common knowledge that when the return on investment outweighs all costs, including, of course, the incidental (also known as business promotion costs) costs and risks, it is only then that foreign investments take off in a country.
		They will not only promote foreign investment but also ease and improve all spheres of people-government relations, as the government touches the life (as it probably should in an impoverished country with a burdensome population resource) of the people all to often, and probably in all too many areas.
	www.csebd.com /cse/Publications/Portfolio_Q1_2001/direct_foreign.htm (2979 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment in the United States
		In 2004, total accumulated foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States was $1.5 trillion on a historical cost basis, or some $2.7 trillion at today’s market value.
		Direct investment from Latin American investors totals some $86 billion; while large absolutely, this is 5.6% of total foreign investment in the U.S. Investment in the U.S. from Africa and the Middle East is less than $10 billion, only 0.6% of the total foreign investment in the U.S. Specific Countries
		Chinese direct investment in the U.S. is minimal, and does not register on the Department of Commerce data release.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/prs/ps/2006/63553.htm (547 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment
		Investment volumes in the first half of 1999 were generally higher than a year earlier, although this may reflect significant one-off privatization deals rather than a continuous trend:
		However, a recovery of foreign investment activity in the Balkans might be expected in connection with increasing political stability since June and the progress of reconstruction plans.
		Russia is not a significant direct investor in the region, except in Poland.
	www.worldbank.org /html/prddr/trans/so99/pgs7-8.htm (1242 words)

	FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
		The investment contract, passed into law by the congress and known as the DL 600, provides investors with a level playing field against national firms and lays out tax rules far in advance.
		Foreign investors may request a maximum time-limit of three years to materialize their contributions.
		Therefore, foreign direct investment by technology companies in Chile would be a good investment.
	www4.cord.edu /bae/keup/projects/chile/FDI-mining.htm (792 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Foreign direct investment and wage inequality across and within nations: An empirical analysis (China).
		Foreign direct investment in the United States: balance of payments and direct investment position estimates, 1980-86.
		Foreign direct investment and governments: catalysts for economic restructuring.
	www.lib.washington.edu /business/guides/fdi.html (3774 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment In India, FDI, Global Depository Receipts, FDI Restrictions In India, Foreign Investment ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is permited as under the following forms of investments.
		A company engaged in the manufacture of items covered under Annex-III of the New Industrial Policy whose direct foreign investment after a proposed Euro issue is likely to exceed 51% or which is implementing a project not contained in Annex-III, would need to obtain prior FIPB clearance before seeking final approval from Ministry of Finance.
		Any investment from a foreign firm into India requires the prior approval of the Government of India.
	finance.indiamart.com /investment_in_india/fdi.html (325 words)

	SSRN-Foreign Direct Investment by James Markusen
		Countries will tend to interact by direct investment when (A) they are relatively similar in size and in relative endowments (horizontal investment), or (B) when one country is smaller but skilled-labor abundant (vertical investment).
		Investment liberalization can reverse the direction of trade when one country is small and skilled-labor abundant.
		Investment liberalization has a skilled-labor bias for source countries, but may also have a skilled-labor bias for host countries.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=231202 (732 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment and Union Busting in Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Developed countries increasingly pressured less developed ones to increase foreign investment while the lack of financial resources in the less developed countries and their desire to pursue rapid capitalist development left them no option other than meeting the conditions of financial inflow by liberalising the regulation of FDI.
		Direct labour cost alone does not determine investment location; however, this does not mean that investment relocation is not about labour, because corporations are seeking only the best possible investment conditions, including the direct cost of labour, from which capital extracts surplus value from the labour process more effectively.
		The worst cases of union busting by individual foreign investors in Asia are found in the Asian TNCs in labour intensive industries that supply Asia’s less known brand names and therefore enjoy the lack of social pressure on their suppressive labour control.
	www.amrc.org.hk /4801.htm (3869 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment Trends (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Huge foreign investment projects in the field of mining are now treated as if they had a special legal basis (lex specialize).
		The Investment Board Chief’s, Theo F. Toemin, visit to 17 countries in December 2001 revealed that security was not the primary issue for investors, but that competitive advantages of Indonesian taxes, equal treatment, and the recent Autonomy Laws No. 22 and 25 were.
		The outlook for 2002 is an estimated growth from 3.5 to 4 percent, weak investments until late in 2001, and a slight increase in size in the third and fourth quarters of 2002.
	www.expat.or.id /business/fditrends.html (513 words)

	Vietnam Foreign Direct Investment
		Investment by the state sector was 37.2 trillion dong, private sector 17 trillion and foreign invested enterprises 12.5 trillion dong.
		In the first half, 200 foreign direct invested projects worth US$968.1 million in approved capital were licensed, up by 29.9% in number and 38.8% in value year-on-year.
		The foreign direct investment (FDI) picture has shown a general recovery, according to statistics from the ministry of planning and investment.
	www.intellasia.com /pdf_stats/investment-fdi.htm (688 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In contrast, utilized investment dropped by almost 3 percent to just over $7.1 billion in the first quarter, the result of a sharp fall-off in pledged investment in 1999.
		Contracted investment from Asian countries increased in the first quarter by nearly 14 percent as the region continued its economic recovery.
		Investments from Taiwan, up almost 47 percent, and from Japan, up over 50 percent, were largely responsible.
	www.uschina.org /statistics/juneinvest.html (1610 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment - knowledge, collaboration, information, partnerships
		This free service offers information on specific investment opportunities; business and legal environments; up-to-the-minute feeds on news and events; links to investment promotion agencies and location consultants; quick-search by sector and country; case studies; sources of investment finance; and more.
		The Africa Investment Initiative, launched in Johannesburg in November 2003, aims to mobilise private investment for poverty reduction, job creation and sustainable development in Africa, by supporting African countries' own efforts to advance national reform agendas, regional and international policy dialogue, policy implementation and capacity bu.
		This paper studies the effect of corruption on foreign direct investment.
	topics.developmentgateway.org /fdi (671 words)

	Foreign Direct investment India, Real Estate Investment in India
		As per a recent notification by India's Ministry of Commerce, Foreign Direct Investment in the Indian real estate sector is now permitted through the "automatic route", i.e., without requiring the additional approval of the Foreign Investment Promotion Board.
		This implies that the foreign investor may now by-pass some of the previously required approvals, making the investment process less cumbersome.
		Within the real estate sector, foreign investment in India is now permitted in construction and project development related to both residential and commercial development in (i) housing townships; (ii) commercial office space; (iii) hotels and resorts; (iv) hospitals; (v) educational institutions; (vi) recreational facilities; and (vii) city and state level infrastructure.
	www.indianground.com /real_estate_fdi.aspx (297 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment - Social and Economic Policy - Global Policy Forum
		Foreign investors hail the Chinese government’s decision to privatize the large enterprises that remain in public ownership.
		While governments have pushed for liberalization of foreign direct investment (FDI), and introduced a large number of international investment agreements, this UNCTAD report documents a downturn in FDI.
		Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), which is commonly considered necessary for development, proves problematic under closer scrutiny.
	www.globalpolicy.org /socecon/ffd/fdi/index.htm (2092 words)

	U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Economic Analysis - Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S.
		Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S.: Balance of Payments and Direct Investment Position Data
		Visit our interactive system to display and download customizable time series tables and charts using annual foreign direct investment in the U.S. balance of payments and direct investment position data.
		The U.S. international investment position is available at http://www.bea.gov/bea/di/home/iip.htm; the international transactions accounts are available at http://www.bea.gov/bea/di/home/bop.htm.
	www.bea.gov /bea/di/di1fdibal.htm (394 words)

	Policies to Attract Foreign Direct Investment - Papers and Links - Private Sector Development - The World Bank Group
		This paper examines the degree to which foreign direct investment (FDI) is attracted to particular sectors in a country on the basis of the available domestic skills.
		This publication is based on opinion surveys of executives in the worldâs largest companies regarding their planned foreign direct investment and the factors likely to influence their decisions.
		This paper examines whether competition between host countries for inward investment on the basis of their regulatory regimes affects the level and "quality" (technology, stability, employment, etc.) of that investment, and whether such competition leads to a welfare loss for the "winning" and "losing" countries.
	rru.worldbank.org /PapersLinks/Policies-Attract-Foreign-Direct-Investment (2838 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce and published as a report to Congress in 1991, it discusses the scope of foreign direct investments made here in the U.S., broken down by economic sector.
		BEA's international economics programs encompass the international transactions accounts (balance of payments) and the direct investment estimates, which cover both foreign direct investment in the United States and U.S. direct investment abroad.
		Detailed statistics are given by industry of U.S. affiliate, by country and industry of ultimate beneficial owner (UBO) or foreign parent, and in some cases by regions and states of the U.S. GSPIA has the 1987 survey, Hillman Gov Docs has the 1992 survey in addition to previous years.
	www.library.pitt.edu /guides/fdi.html (1496 words)

	Foreign Direct Investment on the Upswing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Foreign direct investment decisions will also be tempered by the performance of the U.S. economy, the dollar and Beijing’s ability to engineer a soft landing for the Chinese economy.
		Foreign direct investment flows to China, which totaled US$53.5 billion in 2003, are primarily capital intensive.
		For the first half of 2004, foreign direct investment in the United States is estimated to be US$42.9 billion, more than the total FDI inflows received for the entire year in 2003.
	g.msn.com /9SE/1?http://www.atkearney.com/main.taf?p=5,1,1,114,10&&DI=6244&IG=95e872c829f148f891d197a5e2555414&POS=10&CM=WPU&CE=10&CS=AWP&SR=10 (598 words)

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