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Topic: Foreign policy of Finland

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	TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents
		Finland's basic foreign policy goal from the end of the Continuation War with the U.S.S.R. in 1944 until 1991 was to avoid great-power conflicts and to build mutual confidence with the Soviet Union.
		Finland and the U.S.S.R. signed a peace treaty at Paris in February 1947 limiting the size of Finland's defense forces and providing for the cession to the Soviet Union of the Petsamo area on the Arctic coast, the Karelian Isthmus in southeastern Finland, and other territory along the former eastern border.
		Finland is well represented in the UN civil service in proportion to its population and belongs to several of its specialized and related agencies.
	www.traveldocs.com /fi/foreign.htm (1003 words)

	Foreign relations of Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Finland is well represented in the UN civil service in proportion to its population and belongs to several of its specialized and related agencies.
		Finland is an active participant in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and in early 1995 assumed the co-chairmanship of the OSCE’s Minsk Group on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
		Finland is bordered on the east by Russia and, as one of the former Soviet Union’s neighbours, has been of particular interest and importance to the US both during the Cold War and in its aftermath.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Finland (1378 words)

	Foreign policy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Foreign policies generally are designed to help protect a country's national interests, national security, ideological goals, and economic prosperity.
		As an exception, in France and in Finland it is the head of state who is responsible for foreign policy, while the head of government mainly deals with internal policy.
		The sub-discipline that specialises in the study of foreign policy is known as foreign policy analysis (FPA).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Foreign_policy (271 words)

	1938: Finland - Archive Article - MSN Encarta
		Finland, feeling increasingly menaced during 1938 by its exposed position between Germany and the Soviet Union, sought to follow a neutral foreign policy.
		Finland sent a delegation to the United States to take part in the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the founding of the Swedish colony in America.
		Finland's foreign trade relations were placed on a more stable basis when, on Oct. 19, Parliament enacted the first permanent tariff law.
	encarta.msn.com /sidebar_461500306/1938_Finland.html (620 words)

	Finland (04/07)
		In 1809, Finland was conquered by the armies of Czar Alexander I and thereafter remained an autonomous grand duchy connected with the Russian Empire until the end of 1917.
		Finland has a mixed presidential/parliamentary system with executive powers divided between the president, who has primary responsibility for national security and foreign affairs, and the prime minister, who has primary responsibility for all other areas, including EU issues.
		Under the constitution that took effect in March 2000, the established practice for managing foreign policy is that the president keeps in close touch with the prime minister, the minister for foreign affairs, and other ministers responsible for foreign relations.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3238.htm (3585 words)

	Etusivu - Embassy of Finland, Ankara
		The incumbent President of the Republic of Finland is Mrs.
		Finland is not a member of any military treaty or bloc.
		Finland is a western developed country where industry and services employ about 90 percent of the labor force.
	www.finland.org.tr /doc/en/finfo (168 words)

	NATO Review - No. 1 - Feb 1993
		Finland's effort to anchor its security to joint Nordic neutrality was of no avail against Soviet aggression in 1939 that resulted in the Winter War, November 1939 to March 1940, with the loss of one-tenth of Finnish territory.
		Finland supports the reconstituted independence of the Baltic states and their democratic development, a process which is a key factor of stability in the whole Baltic Sea region.
		Finland is a consistent supporter of the strengthening of the capability of the UN and the CSCE.
	www.nato.int /docu/review/1993/9301-3.htm (2520 words)

	Finnish Foreign Policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Finland's policy of neutrality of the cold war period had lost its significance in the new Europe but the country did adhere to its military choices of non-alliance and independent defence.
		For Finland it is important that the common foreign and security policy remains in the form of intergovernmental cooperation to be implemented primarily on the basis of unanimity and always in the field of defence.
		Finland supports countries that are ready for cooperation and committed to common objectives not only in the field of economic change but also with regard to democracy, respect for human rights, equality and building a civil society.
	www.finland.org.in /foreign.htm (2908 words)

	finland
		A foreigner shall not be deported, extradited or returned to another country, if in consequence he or she is in danger of a death sentence, torture or other treatment violating human dignity.
		The foreign policy of Finland is directed by the President of the Republic in co-operation with the Government.
		The communication of important foreign policy positions to foreign States and international organisations is the responsibility of the Minister with competence in foreign affairs.
	www.dredf.org /international/finland.html (12042 words)

	The Foreign Affairs Committee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Foreign Affairs Committee is the organ of Parliament dealing with the foreign policy of Finland.
		The Foreign Affairs Committee is entrusted in the Parliament Act with the competence to follow the common foreign and security policy (CFSP) of the European Union.
		The Minister for Foreign Affairs informs the Committee before each meeting of the General Affairs Council of the European Union on the CFSP items to be dealt with in the Council meeting.
	www.eduskunta.fi /efakta/vk/uav/uavtask.htm (506 words)

	The Permanent Mission of Finland to the United Nations, New York
		Finland has been and is a significant supporter of UNEP and actively follows the reform process of the environment sector, including the human settlements and Habitat secretariat, proposed by the Secretary General of the UN.
		Finland, together with the other Nordic countries, has supported the reform process of the Secretary General of the operational activities of the United Nations aiming at more efficient, results-oriented, decentralized and field-focused operations of funds and programmes with a major effort to help the least developed countries.
		Finland has been a regular donor to UNICEF since 1957, only a couple of years after she received aid from the organization to help recover from the traumas of World War II.
	www.un.int /finland/development.html (1805 words)

	Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland
		Development policy means the principles and policies according to which Finland acts to improve the circumstances of developing countries and the living conditions of their inhabitants.
		The main goal of Finland’s development policy is to contribute to the eradication of extreme poverty from the world.
		Finland's development policy is steered by the government resolution on development policy from February 2004.
	213.214.146.178 /public/default.aspx?nodeid=15318&contentlan=2&culture=en-US (203 words)

	Finland's leftist president wins reelection in runoff - The Boston Globe
		President Tarja Halonen and her opponent, Sauli Niinisto, had presented similar visions for neutral Finland's foreign policy, the president's primary domain.
		The Finnish head of state is not involved in day-to-day politics, and there is wide agreement on the other main issues, including satisfaction with Finland's membership in the European Union since 1995, fostering good ties with Russia, and close cooperation with NATO.
		Halonen had been widely expected to clinch a second six-year term, but her reelection seemed less certain as Niinisto, 57, a former finance minister, rallied in the days leading up to the runoff.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2006/01/30/finlands_leftist_president_wins_reelection_in_runoff (351 words)

	Country Profiles Foreign & Commonwealth Office
		Finland joined the United Nations in 1955 and is well represented in the UN civil service in proportion to its population and belongs to several of its specialised and related agencies.
		Finland is a member of the European Union (it held the EU Presidency in the second half of 1999 and also again in the second half of 2006).
		Finland tops international league tables for education, literacy, honesty, and the sustainable use of natural resources, is in the top three for technological innovation, research and development, and internet use, and has the world's most competitive economy.
	www.fco.gov.uk /servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029394365&a=KCountryProfile&aid=1019061809059 (2916 words)

	Finland - Country information - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
		Finland is bounded by the Baltic Sea, with the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west.
		Policies such as tax cuts and new employment arrangements are beginning to have an effect and the unemployment rate is expected to decrease slowly in the next few years.
		Finland's fiscal policy is directed to maintaining a budget surplus which, given the positive economic outlook, is estimated to total 2.3 per cent in 2007, and to containing Government expenditure.
	www.dfat.gov.au /geo/finland/finland_country_brief.html (2005 words)

	How Finland became involved in the liberation struggles of Southern Africa
		Finland's foreign policy concentrated between 1955 and 1965 in securing in the west a recognition of Finnish policy of neutrality.
		Official Finland's policy towards South Africa was thought to rest on the general idea of president Urho Kekkonen: "Rather than as judges we see ourselves here as physicians" This was interpreted as demanding inaction towards apartheid, if there was no unanimity among big western powers in the question of sanctioning apartheid.
		The paradox in Finland has been that although the Soviet Union was an important frame of reference, due to the imperatives of security, a major part of the foreign policy was actually intended toward minimising the Soviet influence.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/aam/conference/ppeltola.html (3042 words)

	ERIC/CLL RGOs Language Policy and Planning
		Education Policy Analysis Archives (Arizona State University) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal containing articles about education policy at all levels and in all nations.
		The Consortium for Language Policy and Planning is an unincorporated assembly of university programs, advocacy bodies, and scholars interested in issues of language policy and planning.
		The Language Policy Research Unit (LPRU) at the College of Education of Arizona State University promotes research and policy analysis on the challenges and opportunities posed by national and global multilingualism.
	www.cal.org /ericcll/faqs/RGOs/policy.html (3223 words)

	foreign policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Foreign policy materials may be located under such subject headings as...
		Foreign Policy - News from The New Zealand Herald.
		The relationship between development policy and foreign policy is at the heart of...
	www.hotvsnot.com /www/foreign_policy:18 (224 words)

	Finland - Domestic Developments and Foreign Politics, 1948-66
		The underlying assumption of Paasikivi's foreign policy was that the Soviets could tolerate the existence of an independent Finland only because Finland was peripheral to the Soviet Union's main strategic interests in Central Europe.
		Finland's economy underwent a major transformation in the 1950s and the 1960s, shifting from a predominantly agrarian economy to an increasingly industrial one.
		Finland benefited from the arrangement because Finnish products sold well in the Soviet market, which could be counted on regardless of fluctuations in the Western economic system.
	countrystudies.us /finland/25.htm (2262 words)

	Area Handbook Series/ Finland / Bibliography
		Finland, Germany, and the Soviet Union, 1940-1941: The Petsamo Dispute.
		A Geography of Norden; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
		Geographic Differentials in Infant Mortality in Finland in 1871-1983.
	www.country-data.com /frd/cs/finland/fi_bibl.html (9992 words)

	Index of Economic Freedom
		Finland is ranked 9th out of 41 countries in the European region, and its overall score is well above the regional average.
		Because Finland's contributions to the EU budget are expected to grow, however, the government faces the challenge of maintaining popular domestic support for EU policy.
		Finland's trade policy is the same as those of other members of the European Union.
	www.heritage.org /research/features/index/country.cfm?id=Finland (889 words)

	Foreign Policy Institute - Dış Politika Enstitüsü
		EU Conference ‘Together for a European Energy Policy’ held in Istanbul on June 5 th, 2007 emphesized Turkey’s strategic importance and heralded significant progress in integrating Turkey and EU energy policies.
		The Turkish Foreign Policy Institute organised on 18 June 2007 Roundtable on ‘Change and Continuity in Turkey’s Neigbourhood in to the 21 st Century’ in cooperation with the Polish Institute of International Affairs and Bilkent University
		Since Turkey has started accession negotiations with the European Union last year and that Finland assumed the Presidency of EU as from 1 July of this year, the Institute organized a workshop with participants from the think-tank and media representatives from the Nordic and Baltic EU member countries.
	www.foreignpolicy.org.tr (384 words)

	The Permanent Mission of Finland to the United Nations, New York
		These kind of policies seem to bear fruit, although of course the other side of the coin is much higher public expenditure than in those countries that have chosen another road to go.
		Finland’s third periodic report to the CEDAW Committee was submitted at the beginning of 1997.
		Especially in the foreign policy, including development co-operation policy, the aim is to translate the strategic objectives set in Beijing into concrete actions.
	www.un.int /finland/gender.html (795 words)

	Interview of Jaakko Iloniemi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Membership in the EU does not signify a change in Finland's security policy, in so far as it is a question of military nonalignment.
		Finland's official line in security policy was clarified by Prime Minister Esko Aho on October 11, 1994.
		The roles of Finland and Sweden in the EU are based on a similar view of society.
	www.tracetech.net /jatta/intrvw41.htm (1159 words)

	The Avalon Project : Nazi-Soviet Relations 1939-1941 - The State Secretary in the German Foreign Office (Weizsäcker) ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The foreign policy pursued by the Finnish Government has in the last few years stressed the idea of neutrality.
		Also in the League of Nations, Finland, in spite of the debt of gratitude which she owed to Germany for the latter's help in 1918, has never come out for German interests.
		Foreign Minister Holsti is typical of this point of view and particularly hostile to Germany.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/nazsov/ns115.htm (289 words)

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