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Topic: Forgetting

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	Forgetting curve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A typical graph of the forgetting curve shows that humans tend to halve their memory of newly learned knowledge in a matter of days or weeks unless they consciously review the learned material.
		The forgetting curve is steepest for nonsensical material such as that studied by Ebbinghaus.
		The flatness of the curve is not necessarily evidence for the decrease in the forgetting rate, but can be taken as evidence of implicit repetition (e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Forgetting_curve (397 words)

	Forgetting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Forgetting (retention loss) is a spontaneous or gradual process in which old memories are deleted from the memory storage.
		As we are examining this part of mind, this function of mind, we shouldn't forget that this is still not an exactly explained property of mind.
		Forgetting can mean access problems, availability problems or can have other reasons such as amnesia caused by an accident for example.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Forgetting (401 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Memory (psychology)
		The subject of forgetting is one of the oldest topics in experimental psychology.
		Forgetting occurred relatively rapidly at first and then seemed to level off over time (see the accompanying chart entitled “Forgetting Curve”).
		Some theorists believe that it is possible to forget entire episodes of the past—such as being sexually abused as a child—due to repression.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761578303___20/Memory_(psychology).html (1333 words)

	[No title]
		Active forgetting is then part of a more general attempt to rationalize the relation to the past and to render conscious--in order to overcome--all those haunting events that return to disturb the calm of a later moment.
		Forgetting, which we now understand to be a moment of Eternal Return, marks the renunciation of the self and especially of the possessive pronoun, mine.
		The call for active forgetting is hence the call for a difficult break in the opposition between past and future, presence and absence, remembering and forgetting, being and not-being, thinking and acting.
	www.iath.virginia.edu /pmc/text-only/issue.101/11.2ramadanovic.txt (6240 words)

	Obliscence, Theories of Forgetting and the Problem of Matter
		In his three volume work Obliscence, Theories of Forgetting and the Problem of Matter, Geoffrey Sonnabend departed from all previous memory research with the premise that memory is an illusion.
		Forgetting, he believed, not remembering is the inevitable outcome of all experience.
		The great majority of volume three of Obliscence, Theories of Forgetting and the Problem of Matter is devoted to the discussion of Group 3 and 4 planes as well as the whole world of Class II, or negative experience pitch planes, in which the Perverse Experience Boundary in fact leads the Obverse.
	www.mjt.org /exhibits/oblisci.html (1286 words)

	"Forgetting" Childhood Abuse study
		Periods of forgetting were reported for each of the three categories (i.e., sexual abuse by a relative, sexual abuse by a nonrelative, and physical abuse by a relative) in which abuse was reported.
		Of those who reported a period of forgetting, 90% reported at least one event or circumstance that was believed to have triggered a recollection of the abuse.
		Whether this forgetting can be best explained by using a psychodynamic concept, such as repression, or a trauma-related process of dissociation, or whether other mechanisms are at work, cannot be answered here.
	kspope.com /therapistas/amnesia1.php (2534 words)

	Forgetting
		forget that he “is 30 years old” and will remember that he “is 40 years old”.
		The released hardware resources may be used for new information (concepts and relations).
		In PCnous forgetting process is implemented by Memory Cleaner routine.
	www.dennisgorelik.com /ai/Forgetting.htm (234 words)

	PSYCHE: Control of Conscious Contents in Directed Forgetting and Thought Suppression by Tony Whetstone and Mark D. Cross
		In directed forgetting studies, some participants are instructed to forget previously learned material, and when later asked to recall it, are unable to recall as many items as participants who were instructed to remember the same material.
		However, when directed forgetting was released for forget participants by providing a few of the List 1 words on a prior recognition test, proactive interference was reinstated on the recall test.
		Directed forgetting is commonly recognized as a successful means of control over the contents of consciousness whereas thought suppression is more commonly thought of as an unsuccessful means of control over the contents of consciousness.
	psyche.cs.monash.edu.au /v4/psyche-4-16-whetstone.html (7001 words)

	Forgive-Forget
		Forgetting is the development of a plan of action between the two of you to heal the scars resulting from the behavior.
		Forgetting is bridging this gap in the relationship, eventually strengthening it against such a break in the future.
		Forgetting is the act of encouragement, support, and reinforcement by which you assist the other person to rebuild, reconnect and re-establish a loving, caring, healthy relationship with you, others, and the world whereby gifts, talents, and skills are freely appreciated and shared.
	www.coping.org /relations/forgive.htm (2033 words)

	AKRI : Cognition : Learning : Forgetting
		Forgetting could simply occur through gradual fading of memory or memories could be displaced by new learning.
		The forgetting curve (Book 2 page 108) showed that most forgetting occurred after 5 years and that there was hardly any more forgetting until about 30 years when a steady but shallow decline in memory occurred.
		However, for open loop skills such as typing, forgetting does occur and regular re-training may be required if the skill is not employed on a frequent basis.
	www.akri.org /cognition/learfor.htm (1074 words)

	Volume 6: The Psychopathology of Everyday Life. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Freud notes that the motive behind forgetting is similar to that of repression--it is the removal of objectionable material from consciousness.
		He begins by noting that it is easier to forget foreign vocabularies as there is a disposition to forget due to the amount of control we have over words according to the general conditions of health and the degree of tiredness.
		In sum, then, the mechanisms of forgetting names are as follows: 1] forgetting consists in an interference with the intended reproduction of the name by an alien train of thought which is not conscious at the time of attempted recall.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/gthursby/fonda/freud06.html (6007 words)

	JIME: Psych._Lit._on_Forgetting:
		The human mind is efficient at targeted or directed forgetting, and it can be expected that there are mechanisms in place for identifying knowledge to forget (or alternatively knowledge to remember definitely), and we can hope that the psychological literature is an interesting source of ideas for the knowledge management/engineering context.
		Hence the understanding of ‘forgetting’ in such a context would be to make a piece of knowledge (a) less likely to be discovered in a search, and (b) less likely to be used even if it was the object of a search.
		Similarly, if forgetting is to be worthwhile, there needs to be some way of comparing the value of forgetting with the cost of reacquiring forgotten knowledge should that be necessary.
	d3e.open.ac.uk /akt/2001/forgetting/forgetting-v3-paper.html (7968 words)

	Forgetting
		1) Shape of the forgetting curve is greatly influenced by the activities during the retention interval.
		Forgetting is caused by interference between information being tested and other information that has been learned.
		Forgetting is caused by the inability to access information that is represented in memory.
	www.mtsu.edu /~sschmidt/Cognitive/forgetting/forgetting.html (867 words)

	All About Learning and Forgetting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Basing our educational paradigm on what is known about forgetting, I can evolve a 21st century educational paradigm that amplifies available energy for thinking by not devoting energy on memorizing rarely used facts and concepts and instead, depending on rapid retrieval of Internet accessible resources.
		The most important main idea in learning and forgetting is to understand that both processes are activity dependent.
		Forgetting is real, has a structural basis and our educational strategy must be built around a firm understanding of the nature of forgetting.
	monitor.admin.musc.edu /~cfs/forgetting (1253 words)

	Improve memory with cognitive science and mind training techniques
		The speed of forgetting is influenced by the difficulty of the material to be remembered, its representation such as mnemonics, and many physiological factors such as stress and attentiveness.
		Forgetting occurred relatively rapidly at first and then seemed to level off over time.
		Although decay theory was accepted as a general explanation of forgetting for many years, most psychologists do not lend it credence today.
	www.memorylifter.com /learning/improve-memory.html (1290 words)

	Forgetting Self
		It is only by thus "forgetting" self that we can discover the fullness of self, the self now not isolated in some solitary box but embraced by and embracing divine and human lovers.
		Forgetting what was in the past, we stretched out our attention to what was ahead.
		The process of reaching God by forgetting the world and by eventually even forgetting the self became the center of his Spirituality ever after.
	www41.homepage.villanova.edu /donald.burt/self/22fs.htm (1197 words)

	SuperMemo: Forgetting index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Forgetting index is the proportion of elements that are not remembered at repetitions.
		Forgetting index equal 0% would mean that the intervals between repetitions should equal 0.
		Depending on the forgetting index, the length of the first interval may range from 1 to 20 days, and is not set arbitrarily.
	www.supermemo.com /help/fi.htm (3234 words)

	The Forgetting . About the Show . The Story \| PBS
		The Forgetting: A Portrait of Alzheimer's is a two-hour special aimed at helping people better understand and cope with the fearsome disease of Alzheimer's.
		Like Shenk's book, the documentary is a dramatic, compassionate, all-encompassing look at Alzheimer's that weaves together the history and biology of the disease, the intense real-world experiences of Alzheimer's patients and caregivers, and the race to find a cure.
		David Shenk was inspired to write The Forgetting after overhearing a restaurant conversation about a man and his wife, a woman in her 50's stricken by Alzheimer's disease.
	www.pbs.org /theforgetting/about (488 words)

	FEAR OF FORGETTING: Treatment and Hope
		To add insult to an already distressing condition, most fear of forgetting therapies take months or years and sometimes even require the patient to be exposed repeatedly to their fear.
		1: fear of forgetting: a persistent, abnormal, and unwarranted fear of being forgotton, being ignored, or forgetting, despite the understanding by the phobic individual and reassurance by others that there is no danger.
		2: fear of forgetting: a strong fear of, dislike of, or aversion to being forgotton, being ignored, or forgetting.
	www.changethatsrightnow.com /problem_detail.asp?SDID=1031:1396 (1471 words)

	Utah State University -- Academic Resource Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Forgetting through disuse is both normal and unavoidable.
		The greater the similarity between present versus past learning, the greater chance there is for forgetting, confusion, and inaccurate learning.
		The possibility of forgetting the material, because of any of the previously mentioned reasons, will be greatly reduced.
	www.usu.edu /arc/idea_sheets/forgetting.htm (871 words)

	Forgetting rates in neuropsychiatric disorders -- Lewis and Kopelman 65 (6): 890 -- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, ...
		The overall finding was that differences in forgetting rates between the subject groups across these delays did not occur.
		Similarly, we examined whether differences in forgetting rates could be attributed to changes in the severity of depression.
		Equivalent forgetting rates in long-term memory for diencephalic and medial temporal lobe amnesia.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/65/6/890 (5324 words)

	FORGETTING (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		But Bahrick was struck by how level the forgetting curve was after a few years, called this the "permastore" – the portion of material that seemed to be retained forever (?).
		Her forgetting curves did not look so much like Ebbinghaus – her forgetting rates were much flatter over time.
		Note flatter forgetting curves for memories that were frequently retrieved and "re-encoded".
	www.u.arizona.edu /~folstein/psy326/FORGET.HTM (1060 words)

	The Blog Report: Technologies of Forgetting
		In the blogsphere, efforts to remember allow everyone to forget as the messages literally sink to the bottom archived in an accessible (and therefore not pressing) heap.
		The weblogs’ neurotic forgetting (so far without the Mauer memorialization for public mourning to relieve the neurotic anxiety) also suggests for Blood a double-edged sword with blogs as a resistance to the pummeling from the information explosion from mass media advertising and news sources.
		The blogs and other technologies of forgetting keep deferring the archetypal closure even as it keeps insinuating itself not as the links that connect all of us, but the loss and forgetting in an unstriated space without completion.
	www.rhizomes.net /issue10/saper.htm (2218 words)

	Forgetting
		The complicated process of forgetting has caused many theories to be devised.
		They found that the displacement theory was a major factor in forgetting, but time delay in these experiments suggest that decay is also an important theory.
		Due to the many experiments that have occurred in order to determine why we forget, it can be concluded that the human mind forgets items in it's memory for many different reasons.
	www.garysturt.free-online.co.uk /forget.htm (1631 words)

	Philippians 3:13 Brothers, I don't regard myself as yet having (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Forgetting the things which are behind, and stretching forward to the things which are before,
		Brethren, I could not myself yet to have laid hold: but one thing I do, forgetting the things which are behind, and stretching forward to the things which are before,
		Brethren, I count not myself to have apprehended: but this one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are before,
	bible.cc /philippians/3-13.htm (267 words)

	Robert M. French homepage
		French (1992) suggested that to alleviate a particularly severe form of this disruption, catastrophic forgetting, it was necessary for networks to dynamically separate their internal representations during learning.
		This behavior, known as catastrophic forgetting, is unacceptable both for practical purposes and as a model of mind.
		This paper advances the claim that catastrophic forgetting is a direct consequence of the overlap of the systemís distributed representations and can be reduced by reducing this overlap.
	www.ulg.ac.be /cogsci/rfrench.html (10238 words)

	Forgetting curve -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Forgetting curve -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		The forgetting curve illustrates the decline of (Click link for more info and facts about memory retention) memory retention in time.
		The flatness of the curve is not necessarily evidence for the decrease in the (Click link for more info and facts about forgetting rate) forgetting rate, but can be taken as evidence of implicit repetition (e.g.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fo/forgetting_curve.htm (459 words)

	Forget about forgetting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		We cannot decide to free memory by forgetting Mr X on hearing the news that he has died or moved away to the antipodes.
		In the course of repetitions, SuperMemo plots the forgetting curve for the student and schedules the repetition at the moment where the retention, i.e.
		One of the major incentives to tackle the problem of forgetting in a more systematic way was a simple calculation made by Wozniak which showed him that by continuing his work on mastering English using his standard methods, he would need 120 years to acquire all the important vocabulary.
	www.supermemo.com /articles/kowal.htm (4692 words)

	Alzheimer's Symptoms: Beyond the Normal Signs of Aging
		Memory loss is one of the characteristic Alzheimer's symptoms, but simply forgetting things does not indicate a person has Alzheimer's, or indeed any type of dementia.
		As we age, some memory loss is natural: we may find ourselves forgetting our car keys, or forgetting the names of people we just met.
		Regularly forgetting more important things, such as switching off the oven, or the names of close friends, may be a warning sign of dementia.
	www.symptoms-of-alzheimers.com (353 words)

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