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Topic: Formalin

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	Use of Formalin to Control Fish Parasites
		Formalin is a generic term which describes a solution of 37% formaldehyde gas dissolved in water.
		Formalin is a liquid formulation of 37% formaldehyde gas dissolved in water.
		Formalin is an excellent parasiticide for use in tanks and aquaria, but its use in ponds is discouraged because it chemically removes oxygen from the water and can contribute to catastrophic oxygen depletion under pond conditions.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /BODY_VM061 (1644 words)

	Formalin
		It is very important to note that the formalin compound readily available as a treatment for fish is the EXACT and same compound used in embalming practices.
		But before you go thinking formalin is an ideal anti-bacterial treatment, first consider how formaldehyde “kills.” Unlike most anti-bacterial and germicidal agents which poison the bacteria and germ cells, formaldehyde kills cell tissue by dehydrating the tissue and bacteria cells and replacing the normal fluid in the cells with a gel-like rigid compound.
		This is an important point to consider when using formalin on fish as the fish will “absorb” a certain level of formalin into its tissue and cell structures just by the very nature of how fish process water in their environment.
	www.geocities.com /koifla/Formalin.htm (1008 words)

	FormalinArt
		Formalin, but itself and combined with other compounds is useful for treating fungal complaints of fish eggs (more than a day old), fry, adults (e.g.
		Formalin is administered as prophylactic or treatment dips, bath of varying durations, directly to treatment tanks and in flow-through arrangements.
		Use of formalin results in a "triple whammy" of potential hypoxic troubles, with fishes being toxified, producing excess mucus which limits their respiration, outright reduction in oxygen solubility, and death of photosynthetic algae which may be contributing to DO.
	www.wetwebmedia.com /formalinart.htm (1078 words)

	ATSDR - MMG: Formaldehyde
		Formalin splashed in the eyes can result in corneal ulceration or cloudiness of the eye surface, death of eye surface cells, perforation, and permanent loss of vision; these effects may be delayed for 12 hours or more.
		Patients who have ingested formalin or have symptoms (e.g., severe wheezing or dyspnea) or obvious injuries (e.g., skin or eye burns) should be transported immediately to a medical facility for evaluation.
		Because contact with formalin may cause burns, ED staff should don chemical-resistant jumpsuits (e.g., of Tyvek or Saranex) or butyl rubber aprons, rubber gloves, and eye protection if the patient's clothing or skin is wet with formalin.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /MHMI/mmg111.html (5969 words)

	Formalin Recovery in Health Care Labs - MnTAP
		Formalin; a mixture of formaldehyde, methanol and water; is used as a fixative to preserve tissue samples in health care laboratories.
		Formalin waste is toxic due to the presence of formaldehyde and methanol.
		Although formalin is less expensive to purchase, recycling it is economical when using about 5 gallons a week, factoring in neutralizer and waste disposal costs.
	www.mntap.umn.edu /health/20-Formalin.htm (1174 words)

	Formalin, Formaldehyde, and Caseous Lymphadenitis - Goats and Health - GOATWORLD.COM
		The most common veterinary use of formalin, is the use of the 10% solution in the treatment of foot rot.
		Formalin treated grain is used in feed for cows to produce dairy products that have a high concentration of polyunsaturated fats.
		Formalin may also be used in fish farming operations or aquariums to treat fungal diseases.
	www.goatworld.com /articles/cl/formalin.shtml (1141 words)

	Formalin and its multiple uses
		Injecting formalin into a CL abscess requires the use of a Luer-lock syringe (so the needle does not slip off the syringe, back-spraying formalin), a 25-gauge needle (the very small size used for dogs and cats), disposable gloves, paper towels, eye goggles, and a strong person to hold the goat very still.
		Formalin was used as a fresh-milk preservative in the early 1900's; generations of Americans consumed it, so don't be overly concerned if it gets on skin or in eyes.
		The plus side of using formalin to manage CL abscesses is no exposure of the bacteria to either the environment or other goats, no long-term isolation of the treated animals, and less stress on the producer.
	www.tennesseemeatgoats.com /articles2/formalin06.html (2157 words)

	Sun.Star General Santos - Formalin use in Lake Seloton alarms environment execs
		While the formalin are used by indigenous tribes in Barangay Lake Setonon in bolos to cut bananas in around 10 hectares, it is feared to contaminate the inland body of water where millions worth of tilapia are raised.
		Formalin is generally used to preserve dead bodies.
		"They believed that by splicing their bolos with formalin would prevent the spread of disease from the cut banana to the soon to be cut banana," he said.
	www.sunstar.com.ph /static/gen/2006/02/13/news/formalin.use.in.lake.seloton.alarms.environment.execs.html (322 words)

	KoiVet.com - Formalin
		Formalin is a mixture of formaldehyde gas in water.
		Formalin, by definition, is Formaldehyde at a concentration of 37% in water.
		Since Proform C is not a proprietary 37% Formalin solution, you should use and follow the guidelines which are on it's label or which ship with it.
	www.koivet.com /html/articles/articles_print.php?article_id=34 (503 words)

	Formalin Recovery in Health Care Labs - MnTAP
		Formalin is purchased as a 37 percent solution of formaldehyde, mixed with methanol and water.
		Formalin waste is toxic due to the presence of formaldehyde and methanol.
		Because the reclaimed formalin was at 9 to 10 percent, staff no longer needed to dilute 37 percent formalin, making working conditions safer for employees.
	mntap.umn.edu /health/20-Formalin.htm (1188 words)

	Malachite green and formalin
		Malachite Green and Formalin are one of the main cornerstones of fish disease treatments having been used for many years against a range of parasites.
		Formalin is a powerful disinfectant used to kill microorganisms or as a preservative for biological specimens.
		Formalin is extremely irritation to gills and should not be used where there may be existing gill damage or where skin ulcers are present.
	www.fishdoc.co.uk /treatments/malachite.htm (1196 words)

	FORMALIN : ITS TOXICITY TO AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA, PLANKTONS AND DEGRADATION
		The toxicity of formalin at the concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 ppm to Aeromonas hydrophila was studied.
		Formalin at 25 and 50 ppm significantly reduced the amount of plankton and dissolved oxygen during the exposure time of 48 hours.
		The degradation of formalin at the concentrations of 25 to 50 ppm was similar in the early hours (P<0.05), however, formalin at 25 ppm degraded more quickly and completely within 48 hours compared to 60 hours for 50 ppm (P>0.05).
	www.fao.org /docrep/field/003/ac276e/ac276e00.htm (2477 words)

	Pets : Petlibrary : Pet Information
		Formalin 37% should be used as a long term treatment for ornamental fish to clear parasites.
		Formalin has also been used as a dip, prior to, or after the sale of a fish.
		If you want to use Formalin as a dip on a fish that has NOT been shipped or severely stressed, I would recommend a mere 50-100 ppm (2-4 cc per 10 gallons) for no more than 1 hour, much less if respiratory difficulty is seen.
	www.petlibrary.com /fw_formalin.htm (796 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: ROLE OF U-OPIOID RECEPTORS IN FORMALIN-INDUCED PAIN BEHAVIOR IN MICE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Formalin injection into one footpad of the mouse is a standardized assay of pain, is very mild for the mouse, and involves both the central and peripheral nervous system.
		The flinching response induced by formalin (2%, 20'l) was studied in mice with normal (wild type, n=8) and absent (homozygous '-opioid receptor knockout, n=8) '-opioid receptor levels.
		The c-Fos expression induced by formalin injection in '-opioid receptor knockout mice was not different from that observed in wild type mice.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=158579 (824 words)

	Substance technical guidelines for formalin - 1910.1048 App A
		When employee exposure to formaldehyde is from resins capable of releasing formaldehyde, the resin itself and other impurities or decomposition products may also be toxic, and employers should include this information as well when informing employees of the hazards associated with the materials they handle.
		Skin (Dermal): Formalin is a severe skin irritant and a sensitizer.
		You may also need a face shield if your face is likely to be splashed with formalin, but you must not substitute face shields for eye protection.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10076 (2763 words)

	Observations on the Effects of Alcohol Vs. Formalin Storage
		Formalin solutions that are either strongly acidic or too basic will have deleterious effects on the stored larvae: too acidic and larvae will become decalcified, whereas too basic and the specimens will clear.
		After our formalin collection was established and appropriate management procedures were developed, we decided to explore how best to deal with our large collection of larvae stored with adults in the ETOH collection.
		That is, those larvae that were fixed and preserved in formalin shrank from the beginning to the end of the experiment, as did those that were fixed in formalin and preserved in ETOH.
	www.pwrc.usgs.gov /resshow/reynld1rs/amphlarv.htm (2219 words)

	Seahorse.com - Seahorse, Sea Life, Marine Life, Aquafarm Sales, Feeds and Accessories - Formalin
		It is a potent external fungicide, external protozoacide, and antiparasitic, and seahorse keepers commonly use formalin to cleanse new arrivals of ectoparasites during quarantine.
		Formalin (HCHO) is thus an effective medication for eradicating external parasites, treating fungal lesions, and reducing the swelling from such infections.
		Formalin has a limited shelf life and degrades to the highly toxic substance paraformaldehyde (identified as a white precipitate on the bottom of the solution); avoid using any formalin product that has such a precipitate at the bottom of the bottle.
	www.seahorse.com /Frequently_Asked_Questions/Seahorse_Meds/Formalin (242 words)

	TOPICAL TIPS 12 - Formaldehyde and formalin
		For 119 years zoologists, botanists, histologists, and pathologists have used formalin to preserve their materials for a detailed anatomical, histological or cytological study.
		Some time ago diluted solutions of formalin were proposed to anesthetize Monogenea, and in a recent article I proposed more diluted concentrations as relaxants for many micro invertebrate groups.
		So formalin has a target composition but only a detailed analysis could tell us which is the real concentration of any component in a given batch, of a given age.
	www.microscopy-uk.org.uk /mag/artoct02/toptips12.html (749 words)

	Intrathecally Administered Gabapentin Inhibits Formalin-Evoked Nociception and the Expression of Fos-Like ...
		0.25 to 2.5% formalin in the hindpaw of the rat.
		The EC value of formalin represents the concentration (%) of formalin that elicits 35 flinches in phase 1 or phase 2 or that elicits a weighted pain score of 1.0 in phase 1 and 0.8 in phase 2.
		injection of 100 µl of 0.5, 1.25, or 2.5% formalin in one hindpaw of saline-treated rats induced a concentration-dependent
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/292/2/743?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=mellick&searchid=1060007957473_1397&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&journalcode=jpet (5179 words)

	Feline Genome Project (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Formalin fixed tissues may be required to confirm the pathology.
		Formalin fixed tissues are extremely difficult for DNA isolation and destroys the DNA into small pieces.
		Large amounts of formalin should not be sent in the mail.
	www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu /PHR/LyonsDen/formalininstruct.html (471 words)

	formalin
		It is the addition of methyl alcohol that causes the substance to be called formalin as opposed to formaldehyde.
		This is because 10% buffered formalin is an example of old-time histologist's jargon describing a 10% solution made from a stock bottle of 37-40% formaldehyde (or more precisely: a 3.7-4% solution of formaldehyde).
		Formalin must be disposed though the hazardous chemical waste disposal program.
	www.ecu.edu /oehs/HazWaste/formalin.htm (442 words)

	Molecular Pain \| Full text \| Formalin injection causes a coordinated spinal cord CO/NO-cGMP signaling system response
		Injection of morphine 10 mg/kg prior to formalin completely abolished the acute nociceptive behaviours, but did not alter the degree of sensitivity which developed in the formalin treated hind paws during the subsequent 48 hours.
		In the formalin model the changes in gene expression might be considered indicators of the gene product's involvement in nociceptive signaling, not evidence for the necessity of an increase in gene expression in order for nociceptive sensitisation to occur.
		After the administration of formalin (see Drug Administration) the mouse was placed in a clear circular enclosure 25 cm in diameter with a glass floor, and the time spent licking the injected hind paw was measured.
	www.molecularpain.com /content/1/1/33 (4843 words)

	Formalin
		Formalin is a mixture of formaldehyde and (usually) glycerine.
		Formalin is NOT a mixture of Glycerine and Formaldehyde!
		Formalin is a carcinogen, but then laquer thinner, coleman fuel, MEK, fiberglass, aerosol paints, and hundreds of commonly used materials around the shop are also.
	www.taxidermy.net /forums/ReptileArticles/01/01D653BA37.html (1965 words)

	Formalin Courses from MediaLab, Inc.
		Formalin is a 10% formaldehyde solution that is commonly used in the laboratory.
		The appropriate dilution is determined by estimating the concentration needed to do a count of at least 100 cells per side of the loaded hemacytometer.
		The diluent that may be used for sperm counts on a hemacytometer can be as follows: 5 gm of sodium bicarbonate in 100 ml of distilled water, plus 1ml of formalin (neutral).
	www.medialabinc.net /keyword-details.asp?keyword=formalin (297 words)

	Formalin Recycling - Formalin Recycler - Formalin Recovery
		When the recycled formalin is ready for reuse, the formalin recycler will alert you with an audible alarm and a message on the display.
		At the end of the formalin recycling program, the equipment stops the process automatically and lets you know that the recycled formalin is ready for reuse.
		The formalin recycler uses microprocessor control to assure that the formalin recycling process yields formalin of the correct concentration for the fixation of tissue.
	www.brinstrument.com /fractional-distillation/formalin-recycler.html (226 words)

	Reversing the Effect of Formalin (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Formalin, an excellent preservative of cellular morphology, is a commonly used fixative for tissue specimens in hospital pathology laboratories.
		Unfortunately, formalin interferes with the binding of propidium iodide (PI) and other fluorescent dyes to DNA, thus altering the measurement of DNA content by flow cytometry or image analysis.
		Since formalin alters the measurement of DNA content in formalin-fixed and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, this study was designed to explore the use of various physicochemical methods to reverse the effect of the formalin on the binding of PI to DNA.
	www4.umdnj.edu /cytoweb/formalin.htm (346 words)

	Uninhibited Formalin Solution (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Synonyms: Formalin; Formic Aldehyde; Paraform; Formol; formalin (Methanol-free); Fyde; Formalith; Methanal; Methyl Aldehyde; Methylene Glycol; Methylene Oxide; Tetraoxymethalene: Oxomethane; Oxymethylene.
		Skin (Dermal): Formalin is a severe skin irritant and a sensitizer.
		Eye protection: If you might be splashed in the eyes with formalin, it is essential that you wear goggles or some other type of complete protection for the eye.
	www.sefsc.noaa.gov /HTMLdocs/appendix-I.htm (1978 words)

	North Carolina Cooperative Extension: Formalin Flow-Through Treatments for One Hour
		Prior to the formalin treatment, apply 1 pound of salt for every 2 gallons per minute of water flow.
		Minimize the stress the trout are subjected to by treating when the water temperatures are coolest in the summer months and keeping the fish off feed for 1-2 days prior to and during the treatment.
		Calibrate the formalin dispenser to ensure a known amount is delivered in one hour.
	www.ces.ncsu.edu /copubs/ag/aqua/trout/013 (482 words)

	Formalin Fixed DNA
		It is suggested that the reason traditional chloroform-phenol extraction techniques do not work is because the formalin reacts with the proteinase K and the chloroform-phenol solution itself.
		The techniques using the chloroform-phenol extraction which were successful spent a large portion of the protocol trying to extract the formalin out of the tissue first.
		In fact the literature now suggests that formalin cannot cause cross-linkage to occur and may actually preserve the DNA but in the process make it difficult to access.
	www.dmacc.edu /instructors/cmeckerman/formalin/Formalin_Fixed_DNA.htm (1080 words)

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