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| | [No title] |
 | | We examined the occurrence of worker reproduction in field colonies of four ant species of the genera Formica and Myrmica. |
 | | Based on relatedness arguments alone, worker reproduction was expected in all species because of low queen mating frequency, or low effective queen numbers. |
 | | Descriptors: Myrmica ruginodis, Formica rufa, queens, worker ants colonies, worker ant produced males, mating frequency, genetic markers, genotypes, genetic analysis, paternity, sex ratio, sexual reproduction, isoenzymes, loci, alleles, enzyme polymorphism, Finland. |
| www.nal.usda.gov /awic/pubs/Labinsects/Hymenoptera.htm (7148 words) |
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