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Topic: Fort Barrancas

	Fort Tours \| Fort Barrancas
		Fort Barrancas sits on a bluff overlooking the entrance to Pensacola Bay.
		Barrancas was armed with new guns in 1894, but its job was taken over by new concrete forts built around Forts Pickens and McRee beginning in 1896.
		The old fort was used as a signal station, small arms range, and a storage area in later years.
	www.forttours.com /pages/fortbarrancas.asp (808 words)

	Fort Barrancas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fort Barrancas, constructed in 1837, is on the mainland.
		Fort Barrancas was designed by Joseph Gilbert Totten, and connected to the Spanish-built water battery by a tunnel.
		Fort McRee and Fort Barrancas exchanged heavy cannon fire with Fort Pickens on November 22 and 23, 1861 and January 1, 1862.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Barrancas (651 words)

	Gulf Islands National Seashore-Forts
		Fort Pickens is the largest of four forts built to defend Pensacola Bay, Florida and its navy yard.
		The Advanced Redoubt of Fort Barrancas was built between 1845 and 1870 as part of a defensive network for the Pensacola Navy Yard.
		Fort Pickens, McRee, and Barrancas protected the entrance to the harbor; Barrancas was also to defend the peninsula on which the yard was established.
	www.nps.gov /guis/extended/FLA/History/Forts.htm (459 words)

	Fort Tours \| Fort Pickens
		Fort Pickens was the largest of a group of forts designed to fortify Pensacola Harbor.
		His decision to abandon Barrancas was hastened when, around midnight of January 8, 1861, his guards repelled a group of men intending to take the fort.
		Fort Pickens was one of the few forts in the south that were not captured by the Confederates.
	www.forttours.com /pages/fortpickens.asp (434 words)

	FORT PICKENS. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		fortification on the western end of Santa Rosa Island at the entrance to Pensacola Bay, NW Fla. When Florida joined the Confederacy in Jan., 1861, Fort Barrancas on the mainland was evacuated and its garrison sent to Fort Pickens.
		Refusing to surrender, the fort was reinforced and repulsed a Confederate attack in Oct., 1861; it remained in Union hands throughout the war.
		Fort Pickens is part of a Florida state park.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/fo/FortPick.html (71 words)

	Military History Online
		Fort Barrancas, located on a barrier island, was one of four fortified areas that marked the southern defenses.
		(Fort McRee has been completely destroyed by the shifting sands of the barrier island it was located on.) The Advance Redoubt, near Fort Barrancas, was an infantry fort, designed to stop overland movement of enemy troops toward the Navy Yard.
		The fort was one of the strongest on the Gulf Coast.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /civilwar/misc/barrancas.aspx (2092 words)

	Florida Forts: page 5
		It was built to defend the landward approach to Fort Barrancas and the Naval Shipyard.
		The old fort lies in ruin and is mostly under water in the surf, due to a 1906 hurricane.
		Fort Chipola (1841 - 1842), near Chipola on the east-side of the Chipola River.
	www.geocities.com /naforts/flwest.html (1696 words)

	Fort Barrancas, page 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This view from the parpapet of Fort Barrancas shows the counterscarp of the fort and the Post of Fort Barrancas sometime between 1895-1905.
		Fort Barrancas was involved in some of the Civil War battles around Pensacola.
		Fort Barrancas and the nearby Advance Redoubt are located on the Pensacola Naval Air Station, and are managed by the National Park Service.
	andy_bennett.home.mindspring.com /barr4.html (289 words)

	Cemeteries - Barrancas National Cemetery - Burial & Memorials
		Barrancas National Cemetery is located within the boundaries of the U.S. Naval Air Station, eight miles southwest of downtown Pensacola, Fla. The Pensacola Naval Air Station is home to the U.S. Naval Air Training Command and encompasses almost 12,000 acres.
		The Army guarded the entrance to Pensacola Bay with three fortifications: Fort McRae and Fort Barrancas on the land side, and Fort Pickens at the western tip of Santa Rosa Island.
		On Jan. 10, 1861, the same day Florida seceded from the Union, Slemmer spiked the guns at Fort Barrancas, blew up ammunition at Fort McRae and concentrated all his troops at Fort Pickens, which he believed was the key to the defense of Pensacola Harbor.
	www.cem.va.gov /CEM/cems/nchp/barrancas.asp (1483 words)

	(GCCBAC) Military History Series - Fort Barrancas by Breaktrack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fort Barrancas is one of four fortifications constructed to defend the navy yard.
		The others fortifications were Fort Pickens and Fort McRee, both located on islands at the entrance to the bay (Fort McRee has been completely destroyed by the shifting location of the barrier island it was located on).
		It acts as a harbor defense fort, forming a rough triangle at the entrance to the bay with Fort McRee and Fort Pickens.
	www.geocaching.com /seek/cache_details.aspx?ID=52140 (671 words)

	Untitled
		Fort Barrancas is located at the Naval Air Station on sixty-five acres of land.
		Fort Barrancas was built over the ruins of Fort San Carlos which stood from 1839 through 1844.
		Fort McRee was the southwestern component of a triangular defense of Pensacola Bay formed by Fort Pickens and Fort Barrancas.
	www.flrealestate.com /indexa-z/attract3.htm (821 words)

	Archaeology - Office of Cultural & Historical Programs
		Before Fort Barrancas was built, two other forts protected the entrance to the bay from the overlook.
		Fort San Carlos de Austria was an early Spanish earth and log fort that fell to the French in 1722.
		Used briefly during the Spanish-American War, Fort Barrancas was disarmed in 1900 and served as an observation and communications post until 1930.
	dhr.dos.state.fl.us /archaeology/underwater/maritime/forts/fort.cfm?name=Fort_Barrancas (393 words)

	Fort Pickens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fort Pickens is a pentagonal historic United States military fort on Santa Rosa Island in the Pensacola, Florida area.
		Fort Barrancas, located across Pensacola Bay from Fort Pickens, is on the grounds of the Pensacola Naval Air Station.
		Fort Pickens and the Santa Rosa Areas of Gulf Islands National Seashore are currently closed to vehicular traffic while efforts are underway to rebuild and repair damage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Pickens (562 words)

	Fort Pickens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fort Pickens was built on Santa Rosa Island, guarding the east side of the entrance to Pensacola Bay.
		Fort McRee was heavily damaged during the Civil War, and finished off by a hurricane in the early 1900s.
		Fort Pickens was one of two forts in the South that stayed with the Union at the beginning of the secessions and the start of the Civil War.
	www.janandpat.net /otherexp/ftpickens.htm (255 words)

	Mike McMillan's Fort McRee: A Virtual Tour
		Fort McRee was built on a narrow bar of sand (hence it's unique shape and unfortunate demise) across the channel from Fort Pickens, which remained in Union hands through out the war.
		Fort Barrancas on the mainland was the third side of the triangle that protected the mouth of Pensacola Bay in Florida and the important Navy Yard there.
		Damage during engagements with Fort Pickens, the purposeful destruction implemented during the eventual Confederate abandonment, the westward moving ocean currents, and the inevitable hurricanes finally did this impressive fort in.
	www.geocities.com /yello_armadillo/mcree.htm (334 words)

	National Park Service - TOURISM
		The forts, with shot furnaces designed to heat cannonballs and cannons capable of firing their red-hot shots up to 3 miles, could defend the coast with a minimum of manpower.
		Parts of the Fort Barrancas complex, which includes a fortified water battery (a sea level stronghold), were constructed as early as the late 18th century.
		Fort Barrancas, located at the Pensacola Naval Air Station, is open 5 to 7 days a week depending on the season from, 8:30am-3:45pm in the winter and 9:30am-4:45pm during the summer.
	www.nps.gov /tourism/winter20018gp.html (829 words)

	Florida in WWII -- Historic Sites and Resources
		Fort Barrancas may be reached by using the Main Entrance of Pensacola Naval Air Station about one mile south of Barrancas Avenue (SR292) on Navy Boulevard (SR295).
		Supported by batteries at Fort Pickens and Fort McRee, Fort Barrancas served as the headquarters for this area of the coastal defense system.
		Removal of all the guns and equipment occurred in 1946 and the fort became deactivated in 1947.
	dhr.dos.state.fl.us /wwii/sites.cfm?PR_ID=200 (247 words)

	GORP - Gulf Islands National Seashore - Fort Pickens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Five reinforced concrete fortifications were built in the Fort Pickens area between 1897 and 1899, and a minefield was prepared for the harbor entrance.
		Located in the center of Fort Pickens, the position of the battery illustrates the evolution of coastal defenses from brick and stone fortifications to the modern reinforced concrete installations.
		In 1861 Langdon commanded a battery of 10-inch seacoast mortars at Fort Pickens, in 1874 he served as an artillery captain at the fort, and in 1885 he returned as a lieutenant colonel in charge of the 2nd U.S. Artillery.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/resource/us_ns/fl/his3_gul.htm (1009 words)

	Historic Preservation of American Civil War Battlefields
		Fort Barrancas: Confederate forces occupied this fort from early 1861 until they withdrew in May 1862.
		Fort Pickens: Originally built in 1829- 34, Fort Pickens was held by Union troops throughout the Civil War.
		The Fort's commander refused demands that the fort surrender to state forces at the beginning of the war.
	www.civilwar.org /cwdt/CWDTBrowse.php?siteID=255 (190 words)

	National Park Service - Explorers and Settlers (Fort San Carlos de Barrancas)
		Fort San Carlos de Barrancas was originally a semicircular fortification of Pensacola brick, built in 1787 during the last Spanish occupation of West Florida.
		The new Fort San Carlos was a defense bastion in West Florida; and, with St. Augustine, a foothold in the Southeastern United States.
		In the late 18th century, the Spanish constructed the fort to guard Pensacola, the capital of Spanish West Florida.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/explorers/sitea13.htm (389 words)

	Fort Barrancas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The others fortifications were Fort Pickens and Fort McRee, both located on islands at the entrance to the bay (the Third System Fort McRee has been completely destroyed by the shifting location of the barrier island it was located on).
		Fort Barrancas is rougly triangular in shape, and is somewhat unusual in its mode of construction.
		The main entrance, or sallyport, is located in the scarp wall of the landward side of the fort, and is accessed by crossing a drawbridge over the ditch.
	andy_bennett.home.mindspring.com /barr1.html (399 words)

	Escambia County (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fort Barrancas was started by the Spanish in 1698 to protect their new settlement at Pensacola Bay.
		Nearby is another small fort, known as the "Advanced Redoubt." This brick fort was begun in 1844, and linked to Fort Barrancas by a series of trenches.
		Famous Apache leader Geronimo, Naiche, and their families were kept prisoner for two years (1886-1888) at Fort Pickens, and one of Geronimo's wives is buried at the Fort Barrancas National Cemetery across the bay in the Naval Air Station.
	www.tfn.net /SeminoleWar/Counties/c1esca.htm (963 words)

	U.S. Civil War - Florida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The fort has a capacity for 1,260 men and is outside the range of shore batteries.
		Fort Pickens, Santa Rosa Island: The USS Brooklyn, Captain Israel Vogdes, arrives with reinforcements, but does not land them by a January 28 agreement between Pres.
		Fort Pickens: Federal troops under the command of Col. Harvey Brown land from the USS Powhatan.
	www.mikalac.com /civ/fl.html (756 words)

	Exploring Florida Fort and Battlefield VRs
		The Castillo was known as Fort Marion from 1825 until 1942.
		Fort Clinch was named for Gen. Duncan Lamont Clinch, an important figure in Florida's Seminole War of the 1830s.
		Fort Jefferson is located on Garden Key in the Dry Tortugas, about 70 miles west of Key West.
	fcit.coedu.usf.edu /florida/vr/forts/forts.htm (748 words)

	Confederate Military History Chapter 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On January 8th the latter removed a store of powder from the Spanish fort to Fort Barrancas, where a guard was placed with loaded muskets, one of which was fired on the same night toward a party of citizens who approached the fort.
		On the night of the 12th a deputation went to the fort, consisting of Captain Randolph, Major Marks and Lieutenant Rutledge, and demanded the peaceable surrender of Pickens to the governors of Alabama and Florida, but Slemmer declined to recognize the authority of those officials.
		Their orders were to destroy all the camp tents, Fort McRee and Fort Barrancas as far as possible, the hospital, the houses in the navy yard, the steamer Fulton, the coal left in the yard, all the machinery for drawing out ships, the trays, shears—in fact everything which could be made useful to the enemy.....
	members.aol.com /PENCWRT/history/cmh/ch02.html (5764 words)

	GORP - Gulf Islands National Seashore - Fort Barrancas
		The forts exchanged heavy gunfire in November of 1 861 and January of 1 862.
		Barrancas was armed with new guns in 1894, but its job was taken over by new concrete forts built around Forts Pickens and McRee beginning in 1 896.
		Following eighteen months of restoration costing $1.2 million and using 90,000 new bricks, the fort was reopened in 1 980 by the National Park Service.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/resource/us_ns/fl/his1_gul.htm (779 words)

	Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies: Ser. I, Vol. 1, Ch. IV–Reports.
		Fort Pickens (unoccupied) commands the harbor, and should that work be taken possession of, our position would be useless as far as any protection to the harbor goes.
		On the morning of the 8th I removed all the powder from the magazine in the Spanish battery of Fort Barrancas to the inner magazines, because, from its exposed position, it was liable to seizure at any moment.
		The fort can be attacked on all sides by storming parties landing from the other side in boats under cover of the night, and with a small force it would be almost impossible to prevent its being taken.
	www.simmonsgames.com /research/authors/USWarDept/ORA/OR-S1-V01-C004R.html (6736 words)

	Fort Pickens and Fort Jefferson
		The fort is further fortified by a wide ditch, reaching to the water, and protected by a strong counterscarp.
		The guns of the fort command the inner harbor, but the outer bay is beyond their longest range.
		The relief of Captain Meigs and party may be supposed at receiving the agreeable information that the steamer contained reinforcements with the view of preserving the fort to the United States, instead of a filibuster party to seize it for traitorous purposes.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /leefoundation/civil-war/1861/February/fort-pickens-jefferson-florida.htm (3271 words)

	Welcome to Navy Pensacola (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Here at Barrancas National Cemetery, the flag of the United States flies daily in silent vigil over the ordered rows of white marble headstones and granite markers honoring the lives and deeds of those who answered the call to duty.
		Situated on the bluffs (barrancas) overlooking Pensacola Bay and the gateway to the outside world, Fort Barrancas served as the lock on the gate from potential foreign invaders.
		Fort Barrancas was an integral part of the coast defense system until 1947 when coastal forts were declared surplus.
	www.naspensacola.navy.mil /baseguide2005/Resources/Pencommands.html (14629 words)

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