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	John Burgoyne - LoveToKnow 1911
		By Lord Derby's interest Burgoyne was then reinstated at the outbreak of the Seven Years' War, and in 1758 he became captain and lieutenantcolonel in the foot guards.
		In this disastrous expedition he gained possession of Ticonderoga (for which he was made a lieutenant-general) and Fort Edward; but, pushing on, was detached from his communications with Canada,and hemmed in by a superior force at Saratoga (q.v.).
		General Burgoyne, whose wife died in June 1776 during his absence in Canada, had several natural children (born between 1782 and 1788) by Susan Caulfield, an opera singer, one of whom became Field Marshal Sir J. Burgoyne.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /John_Burgoyne (564 words)

	Fort Burgoyne
		In the centre of the fort is a parade ground surrounded on three sides by bomb proof barracks protected by a covering of earth on top of which were the main gun positions.
		The armament of the fort was updated though out the 19th century to keep abreast of developments in weaponry.
		Fort Burgoyne remains virtually unchanged today but it is not accessible to the public, being within the secure area of Connaught Barracks.
	www.dover-kent.co.uk /defence/fort_burgoyne.htm (433 words)

	Fort Burgoyne - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Fort Burgoyne, originally known as Castle Hill Fort, was built in the 1860s to guard the high ground northeast of Dover, England.
		Built to a polygonal system with detached eastern and western redoubts, the fort is named after the 19th century General John Burgoyne, not the more famous John Burgoyne of the American Revolutionary War.
		The central part of the fort is still under Army occupation as Connaught Barracks and cannot be visited, but the eastern and western outworks are accessible, if heavily overgrown.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Fort_Burgoyne (102 words)

	Saratoga NHP - Story of the Battles
		Gen. John Burgoyne's belief in the importance of the Hudson River as a strategic highway through the northeast never wavered from the moment he arrived in America in 1775.
		Burgoyne and St. Leger would meet at Albany and place their forces under the command of Sir Henry Howe, who was headquartered in New York City with a sizable army of his own.
		Burgoyne's heavily burdened army had either to run the gauntlet between the hills and the river, thus risking destruction, or drive the Americans out of their fortifications on the heights.
	www.nps.gov /sara/s-batles.htm (1388 words)

	Fort Burgoyne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fort Burgoyne, originally known as Castle Hill Fort, was built in the 1860s to guard the high ground northeast of Dover, England.
		Built to a polygonal system with detached eastern and western redoubts, the fort is named after the 19th century General John Burgoyne, not the more famous John Burgoyne of the American Revolutionary War.
		The central part of the fort is still under Army occupation as Connaught Barracks and cannot be visited, but the eastern and western outworks are accessible, if heavily overgrown.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Burgoyne (131 words)

	Fort Ticonderoga Collections: Brief History
		On July 8, 1758 the Fort was successfully defended by French forces under the command of the Marquis de Montcalm despite overwhelming British forces led by General Abercromby.
		In 1820, William Ferris Pell purchased the ruins of the Fort and the surrounding land to preserve it for posterity.
		In 1908 Stephen and Sarah Gibbs Thompson Pell began restoration of Fort Ticonderoga and in 1909 it was opened to the public with President Taft in attendance.
	www.fort-ticonderoga.org /history/brief_history.htm (443 words)

	American History - Saratoga, Valley Forge, And Monmouth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Handsome Jack Burgoyne was at this time about fifty-three years old; though there seems to be a certain coquettishness as to the precise year of his birth, which he perhaps encouraged as time went on; for a handsome man is not always willing to be known to be older than he can contrive to appear.
		Burgoyne could not make up his mind to that, but knew not what else to propose; finally, on the 7th of October, after a worse than useless delay of over a fortnight, he decided on a "grand reconnaissance." It was made in the forenoon by fifteen hundred picked men under Fraser, Breymann and Riedesel.
		Burgoyne's posts at the mouth of the Fishkill, with boats and provisions, were captured on the 11th; on the 12th he was completely invested; and on the 13th his counsel of war unanimously voted to surrender.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles33n/us-history-7.shtml (10256 words)

	Burgoyne Campaign of 1777
		Burgoyne's army was slowed by delaying tactics used by Philip Schuyler's forces — harassing the opponent's army, destroying crops and bridges, and felling huge trees across the invaders' path.
		The approach of Burgoyne's long-delayed army prompted Schuyler to abandon the fort on July 29.
		Burgoyne crossed to the west side of the Hudson on September 13, but was uncertain of his foe's location.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1298.html (879 words)

	Washington and His Comrades in Arms: Chapter Six
		John Burgoyne, in a measure a soldier of fortune, was the younger son of an impoverished baronet, but he had married the daughter of the powerful Earl of Derby and was well known in London society as a man of fashion and also as a man of letters, whose plays had a certain vogue.
		Burgoyne had a genuine belief in the wisdom of this strategy but he had no power to vary it, to meet changing circumstances, and this was one chief factor in his failure.
		Burgoyne had told his Indian allies that they must not kill except in actual fighting and that there must be no slaughter of non-combatants and no scalping of any but the dead.
	www.historycarper.com /resources/wahcia/chap6.htm (4642 words)

	Fort Ticonderoga History: 1700's Timeline
		After a four-day siege, the French abandoned the Fort after blowing up the powder magazine to prevent the British from gaining their ammunition and from using the fortress effectively in the future.
		Burgoyne led a large army of British and German troops south from Canada with the goal of taking Albany, and splitting off New England from the other states.
		After the disastrous defeat of Burgoyne's army at the Battles of Saratoga in late September and October, British General Powell burned all the buildings on both sides of the lake, and on October 8th abandoned Fort Ticonderoga and withdrew to Canada.
	www.fort-ticonderoga.org /history/timeline1700.htm (1161 words)

	[No title]
		He hastened to Fort Edward to gather there the scattered troops and oppose the further advance of Burgoyne, who, victorious, was boastful and arrogant.
		At Fort Edward occurred the death of Jane McCrea, the story of which, as set afloat at the time, is familiar to all, and was exploded years ago.
		In September, a letter from Gates to Burgoyne, holding him responsible for her death, gave great currency to the story; and hundreds, perhaps thousands of young men, burning with indignation and a spirit of vengeance because of the outrage, flocked to the American camp.
	www.angelfire.com /ca6/minuteman/chapter072.htm (4207 words)

	American Revolutionary War Champlain Canal Boat Trip Cruise
		In the spring of 1777, British General Burgoyne devised a three-pronged invasion to divide the colonies along the Champlain and Hudson valleys.
		The fort at Mount Independence was evacuated and destroyed by the Americans when Burgoyne set cannon on top of Mount Defiance, opposite the fort.
		Fort Ann was the source of significant resistance to Burgoyne’s invasion in 1777.
	www.revolutionaryday.com /champlaincanal (879 words)

	Part VI, Chapter 57.
		Burgoyne, however, knew nothing of this and cheerfully set out from Canada with a well drilled, well equipped, and well fed army of about eight thousand men, and on the 1st of July reached Ticonderoga.
		It was a disaster for Burgoyne, and on the heels of this defeat came the news that the second force marching by way of Lake Ontario had also met with disaster at Oriskany near Fort Stanwix.
		Soon the noise of the battle was heard at Fort Stanwix, and the garrison, led by Colonel Marinus Willett, sallied forth to the aid of their comrades, put a detachment of the enemy to flight, and captured their stores of food and ammunition, together with five flags.
	digital.library.upenn.edu /women/marshall/country/country-VI-57.html (1743 words)

	The Avalon Project : Articles of Convention Between Lieutenant-General Burgoyne and Major General Gates; October 16, ...
		The troops under Lieutenant-general Burgoyne, to march out of their camp with the honours of war, and the artillery of the entrenchments, to the verge of the river where the old fort stood, where the arms and artillery are to be left; the arms to be piled by word of command from their own officers.
		The army under Lieutenant-general Burgoyne, to march to Massachusetts Bay, by the easiest, most expeditious, and convenient route; and to be quartered in, near, or as covenient as possible to Boston, that the march of the troops may not be delayed, when transports arrive to receive them.
		Should the army under Lieutenant-general Burgoyne find it necessary to send for their clothing and other baggage to Canada, they are to be permited to do it in the most convenient manner, and the necessary passports granted for that purpose.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/amerrev/dipldocs/burgoyne_gates.htm (668 words)

	Articles - Saratoga Campaign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Burgoyne would command the main a force of British regulars and Hessian troops down the Lake road from Three Rivers, past Lake Champlain and Lake George, through the northern Hudson River valley.
		Burgoyne had taken some losses, and even if the 220 men killed or wounded were minor for the his accomplishments, they weakened the invasion.
		Gates was generous in the terms, which were called the "Saratoga Convention." Burgoyne was allowed to keep his colors, and his men marched out of their camp on October 17, 1777 to surrender their arms.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Saratoga_Campaign (2680 words)

	Ambush At Oriskany
		Failing to inflict damage to the sod-work and palisades of the fort, St. Leger withdrew his troops, forming two camps, one on the high ground to the north of the fort, and the other to cover the lower landing on the river, to its south.
		His messengers reached the fort between nine and ten in the morning of August 6 (33) Colonel Gansevoort had ordered one Lieutenant Diefendorf to slip through to Albany to apprise General Schuyler of the fort’s situation when the messengers arrived.
		Leger’s inability to maintain his alliance is evidence of his lack of firm leadership and inability to deal with the divergent cultures of British regulars and Indian auxiliaries even with the aid of officers such as Johnson and Butler, both versed in Iroquois values and diplomacy.
	earlyamerica.com /review/2000_fall/oriskany.html (4160 words)

	Event - Evacuation of Fort Ticonderoga (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Burgoyne believed that the old French fort at Ticonderoga and the new American fortifications across the lake at Mount Independence would be the greatest obstacle to overcome during his push southwards from Canada into the Hudson Valley.
		Fort Ticonderoga is a 2,000-acre private, not-for-profit historic site in New York and Vermont preserved and managed by the Fort Ticonderoga Association.
		On May 10, 1775, the Fort was captured by Ethan Allen, Benedict Arnold, and the Green Mountain Boys in the first American victory of the American Revolution.
	www.thenortherncampaign.org /forticevac.htm (530 words)

	FORT BURGOYNE
		Fort Burgoyne was built on high ground to the north of Dover Castle between 1861 and 1868 to protect it from attack by artillery.
		It is of polygonal design surrounded by a 35 foot wide ditch and flanked by two redoubts, the Eastern and Western Outworks which connected to the fort by ditches.
		Fort Burgoyne is still in use by Army as Connaught Barracks and cannot be visited.
	www.ecastles.co.uk /fortburgogne.html (90 words)

	[No title]
		The objective was to rebuild the fort and be prepared for possible attacks on the frontier.
		Burgoyne’s Army was to attack the defenses of Lake Champlain and march his Army to Albany.
		The Burgoyne plan failed miserably, as none of the three Army’s were able to fulfill their missions.
	members.tripod.com /~RomeMilitaryMuseum/3.html (2288 words)

	Fort Hardy Committee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Schuylerville Mayor John Sherman joined the Fort Hardy Committee and 20 members of the community in the construction of a new "historic split rail locust snake fence" at Fort Hardy Park in Schuylerville.
		Fort Hardy is one of the most important locations in the history of our country because in 1777 a British army under General John Burgoyne surrendered and laid down their arms at the Fort bringing to a conclusion the Battles of Saratoga, known as the "Turning Point" of the American Revolution.
		Fort Hardy Committee member Sara Osborne researched the fences and, with the assistance of town resident Hal Bigelow, she was able to find over 300 locust rails at the Harrington family in Easton.
	www.victoryatsaratoga.com /fhc.htm (1424 words)

	Benedict Arnold The Traitor Who Saved America Part 5: The Battle of Saratoga
		Burgoyne, however, had let events over take this plan by encouraging his forces to pursue the retreating defenders of Ticonderoga off the beaten path into what was then a wilderness.
		Burgoyne remained at Skenesboro enjoying himself while his road was complete blissfully unaware of the snag in his plans.
		Burgoyne had not recovered from the losses of one seventh of his army at Bennington when within a week he learned St. Ledger had abandoned the field to General Arnold on August 23d at Fort Stanwick.
	www.magweb.com /sample/amr/ch28bene.htm (3398 words)

	General John Burgoyne
		John Burgoyne was a very important man in England.
		Burgoyne was sent to the colonies in 1772.
		Burgoyne sailed back to England and personally persuaded King George III to let him take command of the British troops.
	www.edhelper.com /ReadingComprehension_35_174.html (315 words)

	The History of the Royal Irish Regiment of Artillery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Burgoyne went back to London during the winter of 1776, disappointed with Gen. Carlton’s unwillingness to continue from Crown Point to Ticonderoga in the fall of 1776.
		Burgoyne sent a detachment of approximately 900 troops in pursuit of St Clair under Brigadier General Frazer and Brigadier General Riedesel.
		As Burgoyne was a Cavalryman, he understood the hardship that the Dragoons were dealing with, and knew that his Dragoons needed horses.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~ptmurray/RIA/hist_paper.html (3754 words)

	NPS Historical Handbook: Saratoga
		On the afternoon of July 6, Burgoyne, with his fleet, overtook the Americans as they neared Skenesboro and proceeded to capture and destroy all that remained of the American fleet, taking many prisoners and supplies, while the remnants of the American Army fled into the forest.
		By taking Fort Ticonderoga, Burgoyne had opened the gateway to the Hudson, destroyed the American fleet on Lake Champlain, captured great quantities of supplies, and taken many prisoners as well as 128 American cannon; all at a loss of less than 200 men.
		Marching 23 miles overland from Skenesboro through Fort Ann to Fort Edward on the Hudson, Burgoyne encountered innumerable delays because of the rough nature of the country and the effective retarding tactics adopted by General Schuyler.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/hh/4/hh4d.htm (735 words)

	Fort Burgoyne
		Fort Burgoyne was designed (as one of the famous 'Palmerston Forts') to protect the North Spur area of Dover Castle which was perceived as a weak spot in the defences and the most likely approach for an invading army.
		The polygonal fort is surrounded by a 35 foot wide dry ditch with a double caponier giving flanking fire along the ditch from the northern point.
		In the centre of the fort is the parade ground surrounded on three sides by bomb proof barracks.
	www.undergroundkent.co.uk /fort_burgoyne.htm (201 words)

	History of Fort Edwards Site on Cacapon River
		In May of 1756 after Mercer's Massacre, the House of Burgesses of the Colony of Virginia, at the urging of Col. Washington, ordered a chain of forts to be built from Henry Enoch's at the Forks of Capon south to Halifax County.
		Since there were no drawings or descriptions of the original fort, the archaeological work is the only way we have of determining the character of Edwards's fort.
		In May, 1754 Col. Joshua Fry died at the Fort at Wills Creek; it was left to the twenty-two year old Washington to lead the Colonial forces to the Forks of the Ohio to sieze the land for England.
	www.fortedwards.org /history.htm (1297 words)

	Lossing's Field Book of the Revolution, Vol. I., Chapter VI.
		When Burgoyne approached, a small detachment of Americans occupied the old French lines north of the fort, which were well repaired and guarded by a block-house.
		At Fort Anne they were joined by a few other troops sent forward with provisions and ammunition by General Schuyler, but it was a feeble re-enforcement, for he had with him at Fort Edward only about seven hundred Continentals and fifteen hundred militia.
		Burgoyne and his staff were entertained at the mansion of Major Skene, whose familiarity with the country and the people caused him to be introduced into the military family of the commander.
	freepages.history.rootsweb.com /~wcarr1/Lossing1/Chap06.html (16864 words)

	HistoryCentral.com - Your Source for Everything History -> America's Wars > Revolutionary War> Major Events ...
		General Burgoyne's plan called for his leading his army south from Canada to meet Howe's forces coming north from New York, thus dividing the colonies.
		Burgoyne set off down Lake Champlain in June of 1777, bound for Fort Ticonderoga.
		In the morning, Burgoyne sent his warships to blast a hole in the boom blocking the lake, and captured the American supplies.
	www.multied.com /revolt/bticonderoga2.html (326 words)

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