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Topic: Fort McRee

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	Mike McMillan's Fort McRee: A Virtual Tour
		Fort McRee was built on a narrow bar of sand (hence it's unique shape and unfortunate demise) across the channel from Fort Pickens, which remained in Union hands through out the war.
		Fort Barrancas on the mainland was the third side of the triangle that protected the mouth of Pensacola Bay in Florida and the important Navy Yard there.
		Damage during engagements with Fort Pickens, the purposeful destruction implemented during the eventual Confederate abandonment, the westward moving ocean currents, and the inevitable hurricanes finally did this impressive fort in.
	www.geocities.com /yello_armadillo/mcree.htm (334 words)

	Fort Pickens
		A Civil War era map shows the relationship of Fort Pickens with Fort McRee and Fort Barrancas, which were designed to act in concert to defend the harbor mouth.
		Though Fort McRee no longer exists (damaged in the Civil War and destroyed by storms as the island it was on moved), there is a great site giving a "virtual tour" based on the original plans.
		The landward side of Fort Pickens has a dry ditch, with a counterscarp wall and glacis, which protected the main fort wall from direct cannon fire, and provided another position for infantry to defend the fort from (the "covered way").
	andy_bennett.home.mindspring.com /picken.html (339 words)

	Gulf Islands National Seashore-Forts
		Fort Pickens is the largest of four forts built to defend Pensacola Bay, Florida and its navy yard.
		Fort Pickens, McRee, and Barrancas protected the entrance to the harbor; Barrancas was also to defend the peninsula on which the yard was established.
		During the Civil War, the fort was heavily damaged in a massive artillery exchange between Confederate forces at McRee and Barrancas, and Union forces at Fort Pickens and onboard the ships Niagara and Richmond in November 1861.
	www.nps.gov /guis/extended/FLA/History/Forts.htm (459 words)

	Florida Forts: page 5
		The old fort lies in ruin and is mostly under water in the surf, due to a 1906 hurricane.
		Fort Pickens was the original defense for the U.S. Naval Shipyard built in Warrington in 1825.
		Fort Chipola (1841 - 1842), near Chipola on the east-side of the Chipola River.
	www.geocities.com /naforts/flwest.html (1696 words)

	(GCCBAC) Military History Series - Fort Barrancas by Breaktrack
		Fort Barrancas is one of four fortifications constructed to defend the navy yard.
		The others fortifications were Fort Pickens and Fort McRee, both located on islands at the entrance to the bay (Fort McRee has been completely destroyed by the shifting location of the barrier island it was located on).
		It acts as a harbor defense fort, forming a rough triangle at the entrance to the bay with Fort McRee and Fort Pickens.
	www.geocaching.com /seek/cache_details.aspx?ID=52140 (671 words)

	Military History Online
		Fort Barrancas, located on a barrier island, was one of four fortified areas that marked the southern defenses.
		(Fort McRee has been completely destroyed by the shifting sands of the barrier island it was located on.) The Advance Redoubt, near Fort Barrancas, was an infantry fort, designed to stop overland movement of enemy troops toward the Navy Yard.
		The fort was one of the strongest on the Gulf Coast.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /civilwar/misc/barrancas.aspx (2092 words)

	Lively One II Charterboat Tour Information
		This fort was also built by the Spaniards in the 1700's.
		McRee and Ft. Pickens were both used during the Civil War, and both were manned during World War II to protect the coast from a potential German attack to our ships and Naval Bases.
		This fort played major roles in Pensacola, with both, the South and the North, during the Civil War.
	www.livelysgulfcharters.com /tours.html (740 words)

	Fort Tours \| Fort Pickens
		Fort Pickens was the largest of a group of forts designed to fortify Pensacola Harbor.
		Fort Pickens was one of the few forts in the south that were not captured by the Confederates.
		Fort Pickens Park is located on the far west end of Santa Rosa Island.
	www.forttours.com /pages/fortpickens.asp (434 words)

	Confederate Military History Chapter 2
		On January 8th the latter removed a store of powder from the Spanish fort to Fort Barrancas, where a guard was placed with loaded muskets, one of which was fired on the same night toward a party of citizens who approached the fort.
		On the night of the 12th a deputation went to the fort, consisting of Captain Randolph, Major Marks and Lieutenant Rutledge, and demanded the peaceable surrender of Pickens to the governors of Alabama and Florida, but Slemmer declined to recognize the authority of those officials.
		Their orders were to destroy all the camp tents, Fort McRee and Fort Barrancas as far as possible, the hospital, the houses in the navy yard, the steamer Fulton, the coal left in the yard, all the machinery for drawing out ships, the trays, shears—in fact everything which could be made useful to the enemy.....
	members.aol.com /PENCWRT/history/cmh/ch02.html (5764 words)

	Archaeology - Office of Cultural & Historical Programs
		Fort McRee, built between 1834 and 1837, occupied a site at Foster's Bank on the eastern end of what is now known as Perdido Key.
		In January 1862, during Fort Pickens' bombardment of the other fortifications, Fort McRee was badly damaged and then burned by evacuating Confederates.
		McRee resigned from the Army in 1819, protesting the appointment by civilian authorities of French engineer Baron Simon Bernard as assistant chief engineer for the Corps of Engineers with a rank equal to that of the Corps' leader.
	dhr.dos.state.fl.us /archaeology/underwater/maritime/forts/fort.cfm?name=Fort_McRee (247 words)

	GORP - Gulf Islands National Seashore - Fort Pickens
		Five reinforced concrete fortifications were built in the Fort Pickens area between 1897 and 1899, and a minefield was prepared for the harbor entrance.
		Located in the center of Fort Pickens, the position of the battery illustrates the evolution of coastal defenses from brick and stone fortifications to the modern reinforced concrete installations.
		In 1861 Langdon commanded a battery of 10-inch seacoast mortars at Fort Pickens, in 1874 he served as an artillery captain at the fort, and in 1885 he returned as a lieutenant colonel in charge of the 2nd U.S. Artillery.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/resource/us_ns/fl/his3_gul.htm (1021 words)

	Fort Barrancas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The others fortifications were Fort Pickens and Fort McRee, both located on islands at the entrance to the bay (the Third System Fort McRee has been completely destroyed by the shifting location of the barrier island it was located on).
		Fort Barrancas is rougly triangular in shape, and is somewhat unusual in its mode of construction.
		The main entrance, or sallyport, is located in the scarp wall of the landward side of the fort, and is accessed by crossing a drawbridge over the ditch.
	andy_bennett.home.mindspring.com /barr1.html (399 words)

	Fort Pickens and the Outbreak of the Civil War
		Fort Pickens and the Outbreak of the Civil War
		One of the largest brick forts built in the United States, Fort Pickens provided the setting for a serious effort by a small group of men to avert or at least postpone the outbreak of the Civil War.
		Fort Pickens and nearby Fort McRee, Fort Barrancas, and Advanced Redoubt today lie within Gulf Islands National Seashore.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/38pickens/38pickens.htm (175 words)

	Gulf Islands National Seashore - News
		Fort Massachusetts, Fort Pickens, Fort McRee, Fort Barrancas, and the Advanced Redoubt were part of our first unified system of national defense.
		Fort McRee was built to withstand bombardment from wooden ships firing cannonballs.
		It was one of a system of forts that guarded American harbors to discourage invaders, and these forts could do that without even being manned in peacetime.
	www.nps.gov /guis/pphtml/newsdetail14473.html (536 words)

	U.S. Civil War - Florida
		The fort has a capacity for 1,260 men and is outside the range of shore batteries.
		Fort Pickens, Santa Rosa Island: The USS Brooklyn, Captain Israel Vogdes, arrives with reinforcements, but does not land them by a January 28 agreement between Pres.
		Fort Pickens: Federal troops under the command of Col. Harvey Brown land from the USS Powhatan.
	www.mikalac.com /civ/fl.html (756 words)

	Fort Pickens--Reading 1
		The four brick forts which had been built with slave labor to protect the bay’s entrance from possible foreign attack would be part of the prize: Fort Pickens on the western end of Santa Rosa Island, Fort McRee to the west across the ship channel, and Fort Barrancas and its Advanced Redoubt on the mainland.
		If he withdrew the garrisons at those forts it would mean he officially recognized the Confederacy and its right to occupy those posts; if, on the other hand, he supplied the forts, he risked war.
		By the summer of 1861, the fort was still firmly under Union control, and the Union navy blockaded Pensacola’s harbor.
	www.cr.nps.gov /nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/38pickens/38facts1.htm (1186 words)

	Florida In The Civil War, Chapter 2
		As pointed out by Senator Yulee, "the naval station and forts at Pensacola were first in consequence." There was then on the mainland one company of Federal artillery, commanded by John H. Winder, at a later date a general in the Confederate service, but on account of his absence Lieut.
		Soon after Fort Pickens opened two large naval steamers, supposed to be the Niagara and Hartford, took position due west from Fort McRee and within good range, from whence they poured in broadsides of the heaviest metal throughout the day.
		Their orders were to destroy all the camp tents, Fort McRee and Fort Barrancas as far as possible, the hospital, the houses in the navy yard, the steamer Fulton, the coal left in the yard, all the machinery for drawing out ships, the trays, shears--in fact everything which could be made useful to the enemy....
	www.civilwarhome.com /Florida2.htm (5555 words)

	Gulf Breeze Area Chamber of Commerce - History of Gulf Breeze (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fort Pickens was one of only four forts in the South to be held by the U.S. Army during the entire Civil War.
		Harbor forts were built off and on through World War II - During the Civil War Union-held Fort Pickens, one of only four forts in the South to be held by the U.S. Army during the entire Civil War, exchanged cannon fire for two days with Confederate soldiers at Fort Barrancas and Fort McRee.
		The latter two forts were heavily damaged, leading the Confederates to abandon the area in May of 1862.
	www.gulfbreezechamber.com /history.cfm (1215 words)

	PERDIDO REALTY - Perdido Key, Perdido Key Florida
		FORT PICKENS: Fort Pickens was completed in 1834 and used until WWII when modern weapons made traditional coastal defense obsolete.
		Fort Pickens has changed over the years, and a self-guided tour will peel back the layers of history.
		Fort McRee is located at the eastern tip of Johnson Beach and is accessible by boat or foot only.
	www.perdidokey.com /perdidokey/Attractions.htm (1324 words)

	Fort Pickens - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shortly after this incident, Slemmer destroyed over 20,000 pounds of gunpowder at Fort McRee, spiked the guns at Barrancas, and evacuated about eighty troops to Fort Pickens.
		From 1886 to May 1887, the famous Apache Indian chief Geronimo was imprisoned in Fort Pickens, along with several of his warriors.
		In late 2004, Hurricane Ivan battered Fort Pickens and the Gulf Islands National Seashore, causing extensive flooding, the destruction of a number of buildings, and a large number of felled trees.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Pickens (549 words)

	Pensacola Florida CVB Travel Center: Hotels, Tours & Attractions
		The Fort was completed in 1834 and used until WWII, when modern weapons made traditional coastal defense obsolete.
		Fort Pickens has changed over the years, so take the self-guided tour and peel back the layers of history.
		It'll lead you to cannon emplacements, powder magazines, and show you where Bastion D isn't: the corner of the fort that was destroyed when a warehouse fire reached a magazine holding four tons of fl powder.
	www.visitpensacola.com /static/index.cfm?contentID=25 (457 words)

	Fort Pickens, Florida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The guns mounted here were heavily engaged in the October 1861 Battle of Pensacola Bay when Fort Pickens exchanged fire with Confederate forces on the mainland.
		McRee was destroyed in the battle and has since washed into the bay
		When Battery Pensacola was constructed on the parade ground of the fort in 1898, the army lowered the top of this part of the fort to create a clear field of fire for the new installation
	www.civilwaralbum.com /misc/pickens4.htm (189 words)

	The Pensacola Page-Community-History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Spaniards built a second fort in 1719 near present Fort Pickens on Santa Rosa Island.
		In 1886, Fort Pickens became the unlikely site for the area's first tourist attraction when it held Geronimo and other Apache warriors prisoner there.
		Countless sightseers cruised the waters around the fort in hopes of glimpsing the aging warriors.
	www.flrealestate.com /community/reference/history (508 words)

	Archaeology - Office of Cultural & Historical Programs
		The day that Florida seceeded from the Union, First-Lieutenant Adam J. Slemmer withdrew with Company G of the First United States Artillery from the shore to Fort Pickens, on the western extremity of Santa Rosa Island.
		Colonel W. Chase was in command of the southerners and demanded the surrender of Fort Pickens January 13, 1861.
		It is recorded that his voice shook and his eyes filled with tears when he attempted to read his formal demand for the surrender.
	dhr.dos.state.fl.us /archaeology/underwater/maritime/forts/images.cfm?name=Fort_McRee (105 words)

	Exploring Florida European Influence Web Sites
		Contains information about the fort, a map of its location, and a picture.
		Includes information about the construction of the fort, its significance in wars, and its later years.
		A virtual tour of the fort as it once existed, complete with 3-D images.
	fcit.coedu.usf.edu /florida/websites/links002.htm (814 words)

	Pensacola Yacht Club: 2004 Cruising Schedule
		Raftup/cleanup at Fort McRee - This was an exceptional event.
		Raft at Fort McRee - No events or meals scheduled for Friday, every vessel/person for themselves.
		Saturday evening will depend on whether we can get the participants to bring an hors d'oeuvre or a side dish to the bonfire on the beach.
	www.pensacolayachtclub.org /2003Cruising/Events.htm (331 words)

	GORP - Gulf Islands National Seashore, Mississippi & Florida
		Fort Pickens, the largest, was built in 1829 and completed in 1834.
		The other forts include Fort McRee on Foster's Bank, Fort Barrancas, and Advanced Redoubt on the mainland.
		These forts were built as part of a fortification effort to protect all major America harbors after the War of 1812.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/resource/us_ns/fl_gulfi.htm (211 words)

	Alexis Bolin - Heritage
		Although the Pensacola Indians are now extinct, Creek Indians live in the area and celebrate their traditions.
		Spanish soldiers, aided by slaves, built a fort at what is now the Naval Air Station on Pensacola Bay.
		Forts at Santa Rosa Island and the Naval Air Station also have displays, as does the National Museum of Naval Aviation.
	www.alexissellshomes.com /heritage.htm (291 words)

	27th Infantry Regiment
		He was transferred from the regiment after the battle of Murfreesboro, and in 1864 was in command of Fort Caswell on the North Carolina coast.
		When the main body of troops at Pensacola were sent to Corinth, Colonel Jones was assigned to command at Pensacola, March 9, 1862, with orders to prepare for evacuation after removing the heavy guns and ammunition and burning the navy yard.
		In his report of the evacuation Colonel Jones wrote that the garrison was marched out early on May 9, and at 11:30 everything combustible from the navy yard to Fort McRee was set afire and consumed, under a heavy cannonade from the guns of Fort Pickens.
	www.researchonline.net /mscw/unit123.htm (2400 words)

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