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Topic: Fort Oranje

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Dutch colonization of the Americas

Dutch West India Company

1620s

	Fort Orange - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fort Orange (Dutch: Fort Oranje or Fort Oranije) was the first permanent Dutch settlement in New Netherland.
		It was a replacement for Fort Nassau, which had been built in 1614 on nearby Castle Island in the Hudson River and which served as a trading post until 1617, when it was abandoned due to frequent flooding.
		Fort Orange was a small wooden structure, erected in 1624 by the Dutch West India Company as a fur trading post on the west bank of the Hudson River, just south of the where the city of Albany now stands.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Orange (162 words)

	Fort Nassau - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The name Fort Nassau was used by the Dutch in the 17th century for several fortifications, mostly trading stations, named for the House of Orange-Nassau.
		Senegal, along with Fort Oranje constructed on an island purchased from the head of a local tribe.
		In addition, a Fort Nassau in The Bahamas, under British control, was the site of a naval action and amphibious landing during the American Revolutionary War in 1775.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Nassau (188 words)

	Colonial Forts quiz -- free game (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This fort was built in 1624 by the Dutch near Tainan on the south west coast of Taiwan.
		This fort, founded by Pedro Menendez de Aviles in 1565 is the oldest permanent European settlement on the continent of North America.
		This fort in the town of Accra, Ghana, was founded by the Danes in 1660 and sold to the British in 1850.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=164356 (379 words)

	Ghana in 1999
		Fort Oranje was built by the Dutch in 1690 on the foundations of a trading post opened in 1642.
		In the end, fort Oranje was taken over by the British along with the rest of the coastal area which was declared a crown colony in 1874.
		Fort Oranje is now used as a light house and living quarters by the port authorities.
	berclo.net /page99/99en-ghana.html (1953 words)

	Ghana Association of Travel & Tourist Agents - Welcome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The English were determined to acquire land there to build a fort because many English interloper captains were accustomed to trading at Fort Gross Friedrichsburg to the detriment of English commerce.
		Fort St. Sebastian was originally constructed and named by the Portuguese c.1520-26.
		Christiansborg Castle is unique among the castles and forts as it served as Government House during various periods in the 19th and 20th centuries and continuous to play that role today.
	www.gattagh.com /ghana/castles.php?catid=4 (560 words)

	flag of St. Eustatius (Netherlands Antilles) flags, Fahnen, Flaggen, FOTW bei Nationalflaggen.de
		Fort Oranje is the oldest building on the island, and the centre of social life.
		At the fort the Dutch government was the first to officially salute a US ship, thus the first official recognition of that country.
		The crown symbolises the 16 (former) forts on the island.
	www.nationalflaggen.de /flags-of-the-world/flags/an-se.html (784 words)

	More of St. Eustatius's History
		Sources do not show when Fort de Windt was built, though it was presumably constructed during the command of Jan de Windt between September 1753 and January 1775.
		Fort Amsterdam is located on the Atlantic Ocean side of St. Eustatius, near a cliff overlooking Bargine Bay and Great Bay.
		The earliest historical map of Statia to locate Battery Concordia is a French map which presumably dates to late November or December of 1781, after the recapture of the island from the English by the French.
	www.statiatourism.com /museum/morehistory.html (358 words)

	FORT ORANJE (Orange), Itamaracá: a Dutch fortress in Brazil.
		FORT ORANJE (Orange), Itamaracá: a Dutch fortress in Brazil.
		In May 1631, the Dutch built a fort named Oranje, on a little island off the southern tip of Itamaracá, at the southern entrance of the Santa Cruz canal, this fort was garrisoned by 366 men under the command of the Polish captain Crestofle d'Artischau Arciszewski.
		The news of the Dutch surrender reached the garrison of fort Oranje in Itamaracá with an escaping Dutch official, Claes Claeszoon, the garrison without waiting to be attacked embarked in what shipping was available and fled to the West Indies.
	www.colonialvoyage.com /fortorange.html (1330 words)

	Ilha de Itamaracá
		"Forte Orange" (Fort Orange) - it is an extension of the beach "Forno da Cal", with calm waters and hard sand.
		From Vila Velha there is a stunning view: to the left, the Fort Orange keeps the island from incoming dangers from the sea; to the right, Santa Cruz's canal is seen, separating the island from the continent.
		"Forte Orange" (Fort Orange) - Built by the Dutchmen in 1631 and rebuilt by the Portuguese in 1654.
	www.triptobrazil.com /viagens/itamaracaING.htm (566 words)

	FORT JESUS, Mombasa, a Portuguese fortress in Kenya.
		Fort Jesus, located on the edge of a coral ridge overlooking the entrance to the Old Port of Mombasa, was built by the Portuguese in 1593-1596 to protect their trade route to India and their interests in East Africa.
		With the conquest of Fort Jesus the whole coast of Kenya and Tanzania with Zanzibar and Pemba fell to the Omani Arabs.
		The Portuguese retook the fort in 1728, because the African soldiers in the fort mutined against the Omanits, the Sultan of Pate to which was offered the fort handed the fort over to the Portuguese on 16 March 1728.
	www.colonialvoyage.com /mombasa.html (1584 words)

	The Role of the Dutch in the Iroquois Wars
		The Dutch around Fort Oranje had come primarily to trade and although Kiliaen van Rensselaer had bought his estate from the defeated Mahicans in 1630, it was not until 1661 that Arent van Curler actually bought land from the Mohawk.
		The Dutch in Fort Oranje knew that the fault was with their compatriots and made every effort to pleas the Mohawks hoping that they could prevent a "common front" between Iroquois and Algonquian tribes against them.
		The main policy of the fur traders in Fort Oranje, and later Albany, was to maintain as much trade with as many parties as possible, including French coureurs de bois.
	www.lowensteyn.com /iroquois (5840 words)

	West Africa Hotels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The forts and castles along the long sandy beaches of Western Region, in an area known as Cape Three Points, reflect the diversity of building styles of the colonial traders.
		Fort Gross-Friedrichsburg (Fort Hollandia) - Established in 1683 by the Brandenburghers
		Fort Oranje - Established in 1670 by the Dutch
	www.westafricahotels.com /fc.asp (390 words)

	Fort of 'Oranje' / Fort van Oranje
		'Fort van Oranje' a Dutch fort near Poncol, not far of the station S.C.S. Build between 1835 and 1842 as part of the plan of defence 'Van Den Bosch'.
		Because a part of the building is under the ground the people of Semarang call it the 'bury fort'.
		'Fort van Oranje' een Hollands fort bij Poncol, niet ver van het station S.C.S. Gebouwd tussen 1835 en 1842 als onderdeel van het Defensieplan Van Den Bosch.
	www.semarang.nl /huizen-gebouwen/69.html (135 words)

	Lighthouses of Ghana
		Fort Oranje was occupied by the Dutch as early as 1640; the present fort dates from the early 1700s.
		Bernard Cloutier has good photos from a 1999 visit; he found the fort occupied by squatters who were not particularly friendly.
		Nearby is Fort James, the British outpost dating from the late 1700s; a photo by Brian McMorrow shows the lighthouse rising behind the fort.
	www.unc.edu /~rowlett/lighthouse/gha.htm (897 words)

	2001: A Sea Odyssey – The First Salute: Statia and U.S. History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Then we walked up the steep stone road to Statia’s capital and only town, Oranjestad, and visited Fort Oranje – where the first salute to the United States of America was fired.
		Fort Oranje is on the edge of a cliff overlooking Statia’s harbor.
		Next to Fort Oranje are the ruins of a Dutch Reformed church in the quiet capital city of Oranjestad.
	www.theoceanadventure.com /2001SO/Day11.html (670 words)

	ghanatourism.gov.gh - CASTLES
		The castles and forts of Ghana constitute treasures par excellence, a legacy of the historic past as much to modern Ghana and Africa as to the world at large.
		Anomabu became the focus of intense European trade rivalry in the 17th and 18th centuries, partly because of its easy access to a rich hinterland and partly because the local Anomabu were themselves powerful and astute traders.
		Building of the fort commenced in 1697 on the summit of a promontory close to a sheltered beach and bay.
	www.ghanatourism.gov.gh /regions/region_detail.asp?sec=CASTLES (964 words)

	ExperienceStMaarten.com
		The governor ordered those manning the cannons at Fort Oranje to return an 11-gun salute, making St. Eustatius the first foreign country to officially recognize the 13 colonies as the United States of America.
		Today, the riches you'll find on Statia are of the natural and historical kind, such as Fort Oranje — built by the Dutch in 1636 and now completely restored — and the remains of Old Oranjestad, which were long ago reclaimed by the sea and can still be seen at low tide.
		Adjacent to Fort Oranje is the town of Oranjestad, perched on a tall cliff overlooking the harbor.
	www.experiencestmaarten.com /islandhopping/steustatius.html (1096 words)

	goDutch.com The Dutch Heritage Website:: News Article
		The area originally was settled in 1624 when Fort Oranje was built, fifteen years after the majestic river was discovered by Dutch West India Company (WIC) explorer Henry Hudson who gave his name to the river.
		He built Fort Nassau - named after the Van Nassau family which supplied the Dutch Republic with political and military leaders before in 1814 becoming a royal dynasty - which was little more than a shack which acted as a trading post.
		Fort Oranje by 1624 had attracted some twenty squatter families.
	www.godutch.com /inserts/Year-End02/articles/p09a01.asp (1092 words)

	Excite - Travel Guide - Attractions
		While there's not much else to this small 18th-century fort, you'll be rewarded with a fine view of St Kitts to the southeast.
		The most interesting geological feature in the area is the white cliffs to the east of Fort de Windt, a landmark readily visible from neighboring islands.The fort is just southeast of Oranjestad.
		Upper Town is Oranjestad's main commercial and residential area.Right in the center of town, Fort Oranje is an intact 17th century fort complete with cannons, triple bastions and a cobblestone courtyard.
	www1.excite.com /travel/travelguide/attractions/0,20310,Caribbean-568,00.html (428 words)

	WHKMLA : Dutch Trade on the Gold Coast
		After a Portuguese attack on the Dutch trading post in 1610, the Dutch built FORT NASSAU there in 1612; it was the Dutch headquarters in the region until it was moved to ELMINA in 1637.
		The Gold Coast forts were important for the trade in both gold and African slaves, the latter a factor of growing importance due to the Caribbean sugar boom.
		In the 1660es it was Dutch forts falling to the English; most were handed back to the Dutch in subsequent peace treaties.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/westafrica/gcdut.html (739 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / ELEVEN GUNS for the GRAND UNION
		The town of Oranjestad is at the foot of the Quill, between it and a bluff 80 to 100 feet high that overlooks a long, narrow beach fronting the roadstead.
		As the American warship came to anchor, Abraham Ravené, commandant of Fort Oranje, caused the Dutch flag to be dipped, as was customary.
		But the tourist who visits Fort Oranjc and from its terraced rampart, still lined with ancient cannon, surveys the roadstead where several hundred vessels once rode at anchor, will find a bronze plague affixed to the wall of the old fort.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1958/6/1958_6_58.shtml (3561 words)

	Cultures - Planet Age of Empires
		The settlement served mostly as a trade post for fur trade with the natives and was later replaced by Fort Oranje (or Fort Orange) at present-day Albany.
		In 1655, the main settlement of New Sweden, Fort Christina, was captured after the Swedes had briefly occupied Fort Casimir.
		Fort Ross, some 50 miles north of San Francisco was founded in 1812 and closed in 1841.
	planetageofempires.gamespy.com /View.php?view=GameInfo.Detail&id=74&game=3 (3230 words)

	St Eustatius presented in Travelling section
		Right in the center of town, Fort Oranje is an intact 17th century fort complete with cannons, triple bastions and a cobblestone courtyard.
		The road south from Oranjestad ends abruptly at Fort de Windt, where a couple of rusty cannons sit atop a cliffside stonewall.
		The most interesting geological feature in the area is the white cliffs to the east of Fort de Windt, a landmark readily visible from neighboring islands.
	www.newsfinder.org /site/more/st_eustatius (623 words)

	Fort Oranje, Netherlands Antilles
		American Man of War "Andrew Doria", a World War II Memorial, and a Bicentenail plaque donated by the U.S. Virgin Islands.
		Fort Oranje Map (Statia - Sint Eustatius - Oranjestad)
		Sign up for our email newsletter that updates you on the latest travel info, facts, attractions and more.
	www.planetware.com /oranjestad/fort-oranje-nan-e-fo.htm (73 words)

	St. Eustatius (Netherlands Antilles) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Because Sint Eustatius was the first place to salute the American flag and to recognize it as the flag of a sovereign state.
		An American merchantman called at Fort Oranje sometime during 1775 or 1776, and the battery at the Fort fired athe standard salute due to non - Dutch vessels entering a Dutch port.
		It would also be interesting to know whether this flying of the SandS has been continuous since the 18th Century, or whether it has been re-introduced recently.
	flagspot.net /flags/an-se.html (1281 words)

	Bonaire / History
		When the islands were returned to the Netherlands by the Treaty of Paris of 1816, the small Fort Oranje was erected to guard against future attacks.
		Later, in 1868, a small lighthouse was built near Fort Oranje.
		The old lighthouse at Fort Oranje was replaced by a stone beacon in 1932, and an airport was built in 1936.
	www.geographia.com /bonaire/bonhis01.htm (1481 words)

	RNW: A questionable salute
		Under orders from the island's Governor Johannes de Graaff, Fort Oranje fired the official cannon salute customary to ships of friendly nations.
		In May 1776 the commander of Fort Oranje, Abraham RavenÃ©, prevented a British ship from seizing an American vessel just off the shore of St. Eustatius.
		Johannes de Graaff was clearly sympathetic to the Americans but knew he was in a precarious position.
	www.radionetherlands.nl /features/cultureandhistory/051116usnl (685 words)

	Lonely Planet
		In the centre of town, Fort Oranje is an intact fort complete with cannons, triple bastions and a cobblestone courtyard.
		One of the courtyard memorials was presented by US President Roosevelt to commemorate the fort's role in America's War of Independence.
		The white cliffs to the east are visible from neighbouring islands.
	www.expedia.co.uk /lonelyplanet/Sint-Eustatius/artsandarchitecture.aspx (357 words)

	International Civic Heraldry - SINT EUSTATIUS
		These quite unheraldic 'arms' have been adopted by the island council in 2002.
		The image is divided into three parts; the past (Golden Rock), present (Fort Oranje) and the future (angelfish).
		The golden rock is the name given to the island when it was a very rich trading post in the Carribean.
	www.ngw.nl /int/car/steustat.htm (274 words)

	New York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Dutch were the first European settlers in the colony known as New Netherland (Nova Belgica in Latin).
		About thirty Walloon families settled on the shores of the Hudson River near what is present day New York City and on the Delaware River around 1624.
		The Dutch also established Fort Oranje near present-day Albany in 1624.
	www.newyorktickets.biz /history.html (209 words)

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