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Topic: Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)

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	Anping Harbor National Historical Park-Finding the heritage: Reasons
		Fort Zeelandia is an old castle built by the Dutch people in 1624 and it took 10 years to complete.
		During the Dutch occupation, Fort Zeelandia served as the governor's palace and government center.
		Fort Zeelandia was then designated as an arsenal, in 1874 A.D. when the Eternal Golden Castle was built, many of the construction materials was taken from Fort Zeelandia.
	anping.tncg.gov.tw /archaeology/e_aha_01.jsp (283 words)

	Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fort Zeelandia (Chinese: 熱蘭遮城; Hanyu Pinyin: rèlánzhē chéng) was a fortress built over ten years from 1624–1634 by the Dutch Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, in the town of Anping (Tainan) on the island of Formosa, present day Taiwan, during their 38-year rule over the western part of it.
		The fort was designed to be surrounded by three concentric layers of walls and the four corners of the fort were built into protruding bastions for better defence.
		Under the peace treaty Koxinga-Dutch Treaty (1662) signed on 1 February 1662 between Koxinga and Frederick Coyett, the Dutch governor, the Dutch surrendered the Fortress and left all the goods and property of the VOC behind at Fort Zeelandia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fort_Zeelandia_(Taiwan) (440 words)

	History of Taiwan
		Although this fort ultimately became known in Chinese as, it seems to have been called a number of different names in the 17th century, including "edifice of the red-haired barbarians", signifying the presence of the Dutch.
		Arriving in Taiwan in early 1876, Ting oversaw the construction of railroad and telegraph lines, and during his term in office, some 47 kilometers of telegraph cable were installed in southern Taiwan.
		When Taiwan was ceded to Japan in 1895 under the terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Manchu officials stationed in Taiwan, such as Tang Ching-sung and Liu Yung-fu, and local notables, such as Chiu Feng-chia, declared independence on May 25, 1895, and formed the Democratic Taiwan Nation to resist the Japanese take-over.
	www.taiwan.com.au /Polieco/History/report04.html (5206 words)

	taiwan101
		Taipei, which is located in northern Taiwan, is the capital of this nation of 23 million people.
		Taiwan lies on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean, between Japan and the Philippines, and off the southeastern coast of China.
		Traveling in Taiwan is comfortable, as the annual average temperature is 22 degrees Celsius (71.6 Fahrenheit) and the lowest temperatures between 9 to 14 degrees Celsius (48.2- 57.2 Fahrenheit).
	www.yiyis.com /taiwan101.html (358 words)

	Taiwan History
		Taiwan was ceded to Japan at the end of China's disastrous war with Japan in 1895 and was not returned to Chinese control until the end of World War Two.
		The security of Taiwan and the tiny offshore islands of Quemoy and Matsu were guaranteed by the U.S. Seventh Fleet against mainland threats to take the island by force in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
		It comprises mostly native Taiwanese and is pressing for Taiwan to declare itself independent from China and abandon its goal of reunification.
	www.macfarlane-web.com /taiwan_history.htm (1397 words)

	Geledraak.nl: Geschiedenis van Taiwan
		Als speelbal van de geschiedenis is Taiwan een opmerkelijk deel geworden in een reeks van tumultueuze gebeurtenissen in China sinds het einde van de negentiende eeuw, met als voorlopig resultaat een ongewilde de-facto zelfstandigheid.
		Fort Zeelandia, waarvan de (schamele) overblijfselen in het huidige Tainan nog te bezichtigen zijn.
		Zijn grootste bijdrage aan de geschiedenis van Taiwan is ongetwijfeld zijn inzet voor een modern Taiwan, in economisch maar vooral in politiek opzicht, waarbij hij bewust de dominerende positie van zijn partij (de Kuomintang) opgaf.
	www.geledraak.nl /html/page280.asp (3922 words)

	Fort Provintia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Bricks were the main material for the fort while the mixture of the glutinous rice, sugar, sand and ground sea shells was used as the mortar, the same as those at Fort Zeelandia.
		Same as Ford Zeelandia, the material of the fort was bricks form Java with the mixture of glutinous rice, sugar, sand and ground seashells as the mortar.
		Fort Provintia was center of the colony where the Dutch East India Company installed the administration during the Dutch Occupied period.
	203.73.209.60 /Touring/FortProvintia.htm (363 words)

	The Taiwan Timeline - 芬芳小筑 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This was the earliest mention of the Island in the accounts of European navigation although it had been in the charts previous to 1579 according to James Burney.
		Taiwan's population consisted of 6,700,000 Taiwanese, 285,000 Japanese civilians, 158,000 Japanese military personnel, 5,000 Okinawans and 2,000 Koreans.
		He was to rule Taiwan with iron fists in the name of "Free China" for the decades to come.
	getout.blogbus.com /logs/2005/03/1082629.html (836 words)

	Taiwan History. Taiwan Under the Dutch.
		The Dutch built their settlement at Fort Orange in Taiwan, which was later to become known as Fort Zeelandia (or Anping in Chinese), located in the present city of Tainan in southern Taiwan.
		Due to increasing demands for labour, Taiwan's population increased rapidly during this period due to the rising numbers of people migrating to Taiwan from the mainland.
		From 1683 until 1886 Taiwan was known in China only as the 'land of rebellion and unrest', being referred to in official Chinese records as a 'frontier area' because of the ferocity of the indigenous aboriginals in particular who greeted foreigners (including Chinese migrants) by beheading them.
	www.geocities.com /apapadimos/Taiwan_Pages/Taiwan_History_2.htm (1191 words)

	Travel Information
		Northern Taiwan is an area of historic remains in ancient towns, elaborate temples, towering mountains, isolated aborigine villages, restful lakes, beautiful waterfalls, hot springs, and fantastic coastal rock formation, All are a short trip from the island's historic and vibrant capital, Taipei.
		Taiwan's second largest city is the island's economic showcase, home to its largest international seaport and the only city besides Taipei with an international airport.
		Eastern Taiwan is isolated from the rest of the island by the towering peaks of the Central Mountain Range, and this isolation has left the region sparsely populated and relatively pollution-free.
	park.org /Taiwan/Government/Theme/Taiwan_Tour/ttour02c.htm (1399 words)

	Taiwan Yearbook 2004
		Fort San Domingo, known as the "Red-haired Fort" 紅毛城, was built by the Spanish in 1629, occupied by the Dutch in 1642, leased to the British in 1867, and bombarded by the French in 1884.
		Taiwan residents traveling to Hong Kong numbered 2,582,837 in 2002, up 11.32 percent, while visitors to Macao rose by 10.48 percent to 1,273,644 and visitors to Japan increased by 7.20 percent to 795,227.
		Taiwan's teahouses are a blend of contemplative serenity and bustling activity.
	ecommerce.taipeitimes.com /yearbook2004/P321.htm (6807 words)

	Taiwan Destination, Tourism & Travel, Allo' Expat Taiwan
		The present towers were built on the foundation of Fort Provintia, which was constructed by the Dutch in 1653 to serve as an administrative center.
		This temple, along with the Confucius Temple, is known as one of the oldest and best-preserved temples in Taiwan.
		Established in 1665 as the first site for Confucian studies on the island, this temple is known as the "First School in Taiwan." This large and tranquil temple encompasses a total of 15 structures and was designed with the school situated to the left and the temple to the right.
	www.taiwan.alloexpat.com /taiwan_leisure_tips/taiwan_destinations.php (1200 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)
		Fort Zeelandia (POJ: Jo̍ah-lân-jia Siâⁿ) was a fortress built over ten years from 1624–1634 by the Dutch Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, in the town of Anping (Tainan) on the island of Formosa, present day Taiwan, during their 38-year rule over the western part of it.
		The fort was designed to be surrounded by three concentric layers of walls and the four corners of the fort were built into protruding bastions for better defence.
		On 9 February 1662, Frederick Coyett handed over the keys to the fort and lead the remaining Dutch forces and civilians back to Batavia by sea, ending 38 years of Dutch colonial rule on Taiwan.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Fort_Zeelandia_(Taiwan) (422 words)

	Tainan City - Culture Capital of Taiwan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Called Fort Zeelandia by the Dutch, it is still an impressive site even though only one section of the original structure stands, the rest destroyed in a typhoon or the bricks taken by locals.
		Better known in Taiwan by his formal name Jheng Cheng-gong, this Ming loyalist or pirate (depending on which version of history one prefers), needed a base from which to continue his resistance to the Manchurian Cing-dynasty rulers on the mainland from 1644 onwards.
		Anping also boasts "Taiwan's oldest street." Do not be put off by the fact it also heavily targets the local tourism market; the combination of ancient buildings and traditional foods makes it definitely worth a visit.
	www.taipei.org /feature/tainan/tainan.html (1203 words)

	dropmenu
		Both forts were military fortresses, however, Fort Zeelandia was used more for trading, and Fort Providentia was used as living quarters and warehouse.
		Soon after the construction of Fort Providentia began, Rev. Judinius was sent to Taiwan from Batavia in 1627, and many other missionaries followed him in the endeavor of preaching to the aborigines.
		From the beginning, the Dutch rulers controlled and exploited Taiwan with the same political and economic systems which was colonialist pattern of seizing and ruling under the mercantilism.
	members.shaw.ca /leksu/mainp2e.htm (1898 words)

	A Brief History of Taiwan - ForumosaWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Taiwan intendant Chang Su chang proposes instituting an aboriginal school system in the villages that results in the construction of 47 schools to teach the Confucian classics for preparation to compete in the civil service examinations.
		Taiwan is raised to Provincial status and presided under by Liu Ming Chuan, an agressive governor with a military background.
		The provincial capital of "Taiwan Province" is moved to Hsin Tsun in central Taiwan to create the illusion of Taiwan as a province of China.
	wiki.forumosa.org /wiki/index.php?title=A_Brief_History_of_Taiwan (7262 words)

	Trading Places: The East India Company and Asia
		Fort Zeelandia became the VOC's distribution centre for East Asia, sending porcelain and sugar south to Batavia, and silk, sugar and deerskins north to Japan.
		Taiwan and Tonkin were opened in 1672, but the English ship sent to Nagasaki was expelled by the Japanese authorities.
		At Taiwan, operating from the former town hall of the Fort Zeelandia settlement, the English sold pepper and a small amount of broadcloth--scarlet was favoured for the furnishings of Chinese temples--together with large imports of gunpowder, lead, iron and muskets to feed the Cheng war effort.
	www.fathom.com /course/21701760/session4.html (2185 words)

	teach in taiwan job in taiwan ---AIE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Liu Mingchuan Guns at Fort Zeelandia in Taiwan.The guns were once used by Taiwan People to repulse foreign aggressors.
		The Northeast Coast National Scenic Area is located in the northeast corner of Taiwan, stretching 66 kilometers from Nanyali in Taipei county to Beigangkou in Ilan county.
		It is so small and confined that a visitor cannot get lost in it, for he or she will meet the water of the harbor or run into one of the surrounding hills in a few hundred yards at most no matter what direction is taken.
	www.chinatefl.net /china-area-index.php?city=taiwan (435 words)

	Tourism - Republic of China(Taiwan) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Fort San Domingo, known as the "Red-haired Fort" was built by the Spanish in 1629, occupied by the Dutch in 1642, leased to the British in 1867, and bombarded by the French in 1884.
		Eastern Taiwan has some of the island's most beautiful and accessible attractions, notably Taroko Gorge, the East Coast National Scenic Area, and the East Rift Valley National Scenic Area Taroko Gorge, a spectacular marble-walled cleft that runs for 19 kilometers through the mountains near the east coast, is the focus of Taroko National Park.
		Taiwan's visitor arrivals decreased 0.26 percent to 2,617,137 in 2001, primarily due to the effect of the September Incident in the United States.
	tecrobrunei.com /tourism.html (5300 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The population of Taiwan increased from 120,000 to 2.55 million; and cultivable land drastically increased from 18,000 hectares to 750,000 hectares.
		When the cession of Taiwan to Japan was affirmed in 1895 under the terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Manchu officials stationed in Taiwan, such as T'ang Ching-sung and Liu Yung-fu, and local celebrities, such as Chiu Feng-chia, declared independence on May 25, 1895 and formed the Democratic Taiwan Nation to resist Japan's takeover.
		Taiwan residents, both long-time natives and new arrivals from the mainland, were upset by the unjust appropriation of personal property, shortages of daily necessities, galloping inflation, and unchecked profiteering.
	www.vrg.utoronto.ca /~sjcma/history.html (15540 words)

	Koxinga: ironically, his threat became his contribution to Philippine Chavacano.
		Although he died less than a year after his arrival in Taiwan, and the rule of the Cheng family lasted only 12 years, Koxinga was not categorized as a roving bandit because of political failure.
		The Dutch left the goods and property behind at Fort Zeelandia, but all officials, soldiers and ordinary people were free to leave Taiwan, with their personal belongings and supplies.
		Taiwan has a total of 63 temples devoted to this "sage king," the most representative of which is Tainan's "Shrine of the Prince of Yanping Prefecture."
	www.zamboanga.com /html/history_Koxinga.htm (1611 words)

	Matsu's birthday a festive time (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		On the inner and outer walls of Taiwan's first modern, Western-style fortification, Shen inscribed Yi Tsai Ching Cheng and the expression wan liu ti chu--or "impregnable fortress"--showing the unyielding resolve of those billeted within.
		Reconstructed after Taiwan's return to Chinese rule upon Japan's defeat in World War II, it is the island's oldest fort.
		Built by the Dutch in 1653 and named Fort Providentia, the place was known as Chih Kan Tower of Savages and Tower of Red-haired Barbarians to the Han settlers.
	www.taiwanheadlines.gov.tw /20010426/20010424f2.html (1107 words)

	Welcome to Taiwan Tour Bus
		The temple is also known as the first school in Taiwan, as it served an educational role in addition to its function of paying homage to the sage Confucius.
		Considered one of Taiwan's top-four hot spring sites in the Japanese occupation period, Guanzihling is best known for its fl mineralrich hot spring waters, said to have beauty and health enhancing effects.
		It was known as Fort Zeelandia until after Taiwan's retrocession, when it was renamed as Anping Fort after the historic district in which it is located.
	www.taiwantourbus.com.tw /english/tour_detail.php?uid=11 (746 words)

	Tainan Tourist Information
		The present towers were built on the foundation of Fort Provintia, which was constructed by the Dutch in 1653 to serve as an administrative center.
		The local people go to the temple on the first and 15th days of each lunar month to worship the god and pray for the well-being of their families, and solemn birthday celebrations are held for the Jade Emperor on the ninth day of the first lunar month.
		Most of the old fort is gone now; the only bit left of the original is a piece of red-brick wall, elegant banyan roots growing down its sides.
	www.asianinfo.org /asianinfo/taiwan/tainan_tourist_information.htm (1693 words)

	Taiwan Provincial Government
		HSITAI FORT ON These are the ruins of the oldest fort in Taiwan.
		At first known as Fort Orange, it was renamed in 1634 as Fort Zeelandia and served as a military base and administrative center of the Dutch during their colonial rule in Taiwan.
		In 1683, when Taiwan became part of the Ching empire, its administrative center was moved to Tainan City.
	www.tpg.gov.tw /e-english/historic/link15.htm (229 words)

	Tainan - the place; A SeaDolby Photograph Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Tainan, the ancient capital of Taiwan, is situated on the southwestern coastal plains of the island and enjoys a warm climate year-round.
		Taiwan's development began at the Anping district of Tainan.
		Most of this fort is now gone; the only real structure remaining is a piece of red-brick wall, winding banyan roots reaching around and down its sides.
	www.seadolby.com /otherstuff/photographs/taiwan/tainan.html (473 words)

	Uit Magazine
		Ze geven het fort in handen van Zheng Cheng-gong, beter bekend als Kaishan Wang of Koxinga.
		Koxinga wilde de Ming-dynastie opnieuw aan de macht brengen in China, maar na een nederlaag was hij met zijn leger van 25.000 afgezakt naar Taiwan.
		In het najaar programmeert VTB Cultuur een reisreportage in multivisie in 14 Vlaamse gemeenten.
	www.uit.be /reizen_ontdek.asp (987 words)

	Welcome to Taiwan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In 1661, the fort was renamed as An Ping to commemorate his home town when Koxinya (Cheng Cheng-Kung) has driven the Dutch out of Taiwan.
		In Kangsi (Kangxi) emperor's regime of Ching (Qing) Dynasty, Taiwan was included in the empire that the political center was transferred to Tainan City, causing the decline of the Fort.
		It was named Anping Fort after Restoration of Taiwan, and was registered to be the first grade historical replica and become an attraction for tourists.
	202.39.225.132 /jsp/Eng/html/attractions/scenic_spots.jsp?id=147 (316 words)

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