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Topic: Forth Rail Bridge

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	Encyclopedia: Forth Rail Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Forth Bridge is a railway bridge over the Firth of Forth in the east of Scotland, to the east of the Forth Road Bridge, and 14km (9 miles) west of Edinburgh.
		It is often, and erroneously, called the "Forth Rail Bridge" after the construction of the Forth Road Bridge as a means of distinguishing between the two bridges.
		"Painting the Forth bridge" is a colloquial term for a never-ending task (a modern rendering of the myth of Sisyphus), coined on the erroneous belief that there was ever a time in the history of the bridge when repainting was required and commenced immediately upon finishing the last repainting job.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Forth-Rail-Bridge (648 words)

	Forth Rail Bridge: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Forth Rail Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Forth Rail Bridge is a railway bridge over the Firth of Forth in the east of Scotland, to the east of the Forth Road Bridge, and west of Edinburgh.
		The earlier bridge project got as far as the laying of the foundation stone, but was doomed to failure due to the collapse of the Tay Rail Bridge, designed by Sir Thomas Bouch who had also submitted the Forth Rail Bridge design.
		The bridge was opened by the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII, who drove home that last rivet which was gold plated and suitably inscribed.
	www.encyclopedian.com /fo/Forth-Rail-Bridge.html (237 words)

	Forth Road Bridge and The Forth Rail Bridge. Panorama by Bill Ward.
		Forth Road Bridge and The Forth Rail Bridge.
		When opened in 1964, the bridge was Europe's longest suspension bridge and the fourth longest in the world, at one and a half miles.
		The bridge sits side by side with the Forth Rail Bridge, opened 74 years earlier in1890.
	www.billward.org /pages_forth/movs/forth_ship.html (94 words)

	Forth Rail Bridge
		The huge cantilever sections of the rail bridge spanning The Forth are one of the most familiar landmarks of Scotland.
		Completed in 1890, the bridge was constructed from 54,000 tonnes of steel, 194,000 tonnes of stone and concrete, and in excess of 21,000 tonnes of cement.
		With The Tay Bridge under construction, work on the new Forth bridge was delayed for five years, but the foundation stone was eventually laid in 1878.
	www.theheritagetrail.co.uk /industrial/forth%20bridge.htm (597 words)

	The Forth Rail Bridge Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland
		From 1850, Edinburgh was connected to Perth by rail using a roll-on roll-off ferry directly linking Granton near Leith and Burntisland in Fife.
		In the aftermath of the Tay Bridge disaster the bridge was a testament to robust and conservative over-engineering.
		The whole bridge is balanced by 1000 ton counterweights on the outside of the outer cantilever structures.
	www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk /queensferry/forthrailbridge (760 words)

	Forth Rail Bridge - Pictures of the Railway and Road Bridges in the Firth of Forth
		The Forth Rail Bridge spanning across the Firth of Forth from South Queensferry to North Queensferry is as impressive to look at as the famous Golden Gate bridge in San Francisco.
		The Forth Rail Bridge had to be solid and reliable especially after the Tay Bridge disaster when its central navigation spans collapsed in the Firth of Tay taking 6 train carriages and 75 lives down with them.
		When you come off the Forth Road Bridge in Fife take an immediate turn to left and follow the road and signs until you get to the hotel (you'll be able to see the hotel even before you take a left).
	www.scotland-flavour.co.uk /forth-bridge.html (923 words)

	Forth
		The cantilever structure of the Forth Rail Bridge photographed from South Queensferry, West Lothian, Scotland.
		The Forth is the seventh longest river in Scotland.
		The Forth and Clyde Canal crosses the lowlands of Scotland and links the east coast and the Firth of Forth to the west coast and the River Clyde, from Grangemouth to Bowling.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0001385.html (342 words)

	Panoramas :: The Forth Bridges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Forth Rail Bridge, opened in 1890, and was the biggest manmade construction of its time.
		Many legends surround the bridge - the most famous being the story recounting how the bridge requires continuous painting - work begins at one end and by the time the other end is reached it is time to begin again.
		The Forth Road Bridge when opened, on 4th September 1964 by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, was the largest suspension bridge in Europe, and, together with the approach viaducts is over 2½ km.
	www.camvista.com /scotland/panoramas/forthbridges.php3 (371 words)

	Forth Rail Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Needles to say, the country was horrified and his construction of his Forth bridge was halted.
		The Forth Rail Bridge was one of the first constructions to use only steel rope.
		The Forth Bridge is one of the most wonderful bridges in the world.
	website.lineone.net /~graham.auld/old/fortrail.html (741 words)

	The Forth Road Bridge Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland
		The bridge cost some £19.5m to build, though this figure included the cost of 13km of dual carriageway, 13km of other roads, and 24 minor bridges.
		The bridge used some 39,000 tons of steel (about two thirds the amount used in the Forth Rail Bridge), not counting the 30,800 miles of wire, weighing 7,900 tons, in the suspension cables.
		At the time the bridge was finished, the maximum size of a vehicle on Scotland's roads was 24 tonnes, and this has since increased to 44 tonnes.
	www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk /queensferry/forthroadbridge (794 words)

	The Forth Rail Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A Fowler and Baker design brought on after Sir Thomas Bouch's original suspension bridge design was halted due to the failure of a bridge in the Tay Bridge Disaster.
		The purpose of the bridge is to run a rail line between Edinburgh and Aberdeen.
		It was to become the largest steel bridge built to date topping the James B. Eads designed St. Louis Bridge with a largest span at 520ft built only a few years prior in 1874.
	www.ce.udel.edu /~casey/database/article17.html (241 words)

	Edinburgh - The Forth Bridges
		The plans for the bridge began with work by Sir Thomas Bouch, his proposal was soon rejected however due to unforeseen events.
		At the time the bridge was Europe’s longest suspension bridge at one and a half miles long.
		Sitting side by side the two bridges give a stark contrast of the engineering feats of two different centuries and no doubt shall for years to come.
	www.firstcity.force9.co.uk /bridges.htm (377 words)

	ForthRailBridge
		The Forth Rail Bridge was constructed in 1890 and was at the time of its opening the biggest bridge in the world.
		The Forth Road Bridge, constructed in 1964 is slightly shorter at a mile and a half long.
		Although the Bridge appeared to be exposed to winds, I encountered very little moving air at all, which was a pleasant surprise.
	homepages.paradise.net.nz /joe.hendren/html/travel/uk_forthrail.htm (396 words)

	Firth of Forth Cantilever Rail Bridge
		Due to the tragic collapse of the Tay Bridge, The Firth of Forth bridge, completed in 1890, was heavily over-constructed in an attempt to regain the public's confidence.
		Some structural members of the bridge are as large as 12 feet in diameter.
		The Forth Bridge is one of the highlights of British engineering history, signifying what Victorian engineers were capable of.
	bridgepros.com /projects/FirthofForth/FirthofForth.htm (101 words)

	Forth Road Bridge, Forth Bridges, Scotland
		Forth Estuary Transport Authority (FETA) presented the results of a feasibility study in Jun 2004 for a 2.2km long second Forth Road Bridge.
		With the world-famous Forth Rail Bridge close by it is surely one of the most important engineering and architecture challenges of the next decade for Scotland, unless there's a surprise and plans for a third crossing are shelved.
		The Forth Road Bridge is 2.5km long woth 156m high concrete H-frame towers and is almost parallel with the world-famous Forth Rail Bridge to the east.
	www.edinburgharchitecture.co.uk /forth_road_bridge.htm (437 words)

	THE FORTH RAIL BRIDGE
		Tancred–Arrol, constructed the bridge, robustly designed in the aftermath of the Tay Bridge disaster by civil engineers Sir John Fowler and Benjamin Baker.
		The bridge’s construction involved the employment of 4,000 men at times, the use of 54,000 tonnes of steel and driving 6,500,000 rivets.
		The result of this was the £40m refurbishment package which began in 1998; this comprised steelwork repairs, surface coating, access improvements and an upgrade of the floodlighting.
	www.forthbridges.org.uk /railbridgemain.htm (391 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Scotland \| Rail bridge demolition touted
		Bridge owners Network Rail said it had no plans to dismantle the iconic bridge, which it claimed costs £10m a year to maintain.
		In a letter to enterprise minister Iain Gray, Ms Eadie said: "Clearly this bridge is virtually a national monument and a testament to the engineers and workers who built this splendid structure and it is without doubt one of the Great Wonders of the World.
		Ms Eadie said a new combined road and rail bridge nearby could be built to replace it.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/scotland/2808567.stm (425 words)

	Scotsman.com News - Forth Bridges - A bridge too far? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		She has set out a stark choice between demolishing the bridge or paying £280million over 14 years to ensure it is preserved and is safe for rail travel.
		Since the Forth Rail Bridge is a part of our heritage of which Edinburgh people can be justly proud, the answer must be that we can.
		Rail bridge to be closed for repairs (01-Apr-03)
	news.scotsman.com /topics.cfm?tid=654&id=248262003 (630 words)

	Did You Know? - Forth Rail Bridge
		Instantly recognisable because of its unique design, the Forth Rail Bridge was one of the greatest achievements of 19th century engineers.
		The original designer was Thomas Bouch - but his rail bridge over the River Tay collapsed on 28 December 1879 and Sir John Fowler and Benjamin Baker were appointed instead.
		The bridge stretches 1.5 miles across the River Forth estuary from Fife to Lothian, nine miles west of Edinburgh.
	www.rampantscotland.com /know/blknow5.htm (225 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - The Forth Rail Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The railway needed to cross the Forth, but had to do so in a way that would be acceptable to a public still shocked by what was then the worst bridge disaster in history.
		The contract for the bridge's construction was given out on 21 December, 1882, and work began on the erection of piers intended to support the three cantilevers.
		On 6 November, 1889, the centre aprons were ready to be attached, but it was necessary to wait for the proper weather conditions to permit the steel to expand to enable the fixing of the aprons to the cantilevers.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/collective/A1050021 (1021 words)

	House of Commons Hansard Debates for 7 Mar 2000 (pt 4)
		Friend's proper anxiety, but the termination of the maintenance contract for the bridge is a commercial matter for Railtrack and its contractor Rigblast, as is the relationship between Rigblast and its subcontractor, Wilkie-Hooke.
		The key point is that the bridge is safe and that Railtrack is actively planning a programme of work to complete refurbishment of the bridge.
		The nation knows that the bridge is an epic structure, which needs to be protected, and that it provides an essential route to the highlands.
	www.publications.parliament.uk /pa/cm199900/cmhansrd/vo000307/debtext/00307-04.htm (1439 words)

	The Firth of Forth Bridges - Free Pictures - FreeFoto.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		One of the most spectacular man-made landmarks in Scotland is the Forth Rail Bridge.
		The cantilever bridge, built by Sir William Arrol, crosses the River Forth between South Queensferry and North Queensferry.
		When the Forth Road Bridge opened on the 4th of September 1964, the bridge was Europes longest suspension bridge at one and a half miles.
	www.freefoto.com /browse.jsp?id=17-36-0 (124 words)

	SIR JOHN FOWLER (1817 - 1898) and the FORTH RAIL BRIDGE (1890)
		One of the consequences of the collapse of the Tay Bridge was that the Forth Rail Bridge was to be designed using the most thorough structural analysis possible.
		The completely redesigned bridge that was started in 1883 remains one of the world's most distinctive structures and certainly can be classed as one of the wonders of the industrial world.
		The Bridge was officially opened by Edward, Prince of Wales on 4th March 1890.
	www.chrishobbs.com /johnfowlerforthrail.htm (915 words)

	Forth rail bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Forth rail bridge is the second largest cantilever bridge in the world and at the time it was built was the largest structure ever built mankind.
		Everything about the bridge is colossal requiring 6.5 million rivets to hold together 54 thousand tones of steel 194 thousand tones of concrete.
		Apparently there is one gold rivet was used on the bridge but was later removed to prevent treasure hunters risking their lives, the second is that the bridge always needs painting and that once finished has to done again.
	www.civl.port.ac.uk /comp_prog/bridges2/forth.html (144 words)

	The Scotsman Archive - Historical Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The two-mile bridge over the River Tay to Dundee – at the time of construction in 1878 the longest in the world – collapsed during a storm on the night of 28 December 1879, having been open for just 19 months.
		A train crossing the bridge crashed into the water with the loss of 75 lives.
		The bridge was poorly designed and constructed, but the lessons learned from the disaster led to the famous engineering of the Forth Bridge – and famously bad poetry of William McGonagall.
	archive.scotsman.com /timeline.cfm (2621 words)

	BBC - History - Forth Rail Bridge opened, 1890 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Forth Rail Bridge was opened by the future Edward VII and completed the rail link north of Edinburgh.
		Designed by Sir John Fowler and Benjamin Baker, the bridge was based on the cantilever principle, with three diamond shaped steel towers 104 metres high carrying a double railway line 46 metres above the River Forth.
		The bridge took seven years to build, and more than fifty men were killed during its construction.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/scotland/forth_bridge.shtml (132 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Scotland \| Rail disruption as bridge closes
		Network Rail said it was closing the link, which has rarely been out of action since it was built, from Sunday for "essential" maintenance.
		He added: "It's never a good week to close the Forth Rail Bridge, but there are more people on holiday at this time, fewer commuters and less disruption.
		Rail authorities said the closure was necessary to allow staff to work safely on steel close to the track.
	news.bbc.co.uk /go/newsFeedXML/moreover/-/1/hi/scotland/4704527.stm (456 words)

	Forth Rail Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The photograph shows the Forth Rail Bridge in the distance past a traditional fishing cottage in South Queensferry.
		This solid cantilever bridge, built by Sir William Arrol, was opened in 1890.
		The bridge crosses the River Forth between South Queensferry and North Queensferry, and still carries the East Coast mainline railway north from Edinburgh to Perth and Dundee.
	garfieldre2.k12.co.us /news/Global%20Village/0000E4FF-80000002/0000E509-80000002/002C99E5-004C4E07-000C0FDC (85 words)

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