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Topic: Fortuna (PRNG)


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  Pseudorandom number generator - the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) is an algorithm thatgenerates a sequence of numbers, the elements of which are approximately independent of each other.
Because any PRNG run on a deterministic computer (contrast quantum computer) is a deterministic algorithm, its output will inevitablyhave one property that a true random sequence would not exhibit:guaranteed periodicity.
In addition, a PRNG can be started from an arbitrary starting point, or seed state, and will always produce anidentical sequence from that point on.
www.world-knowledge-encyclopedia.com /?t=PRNG   (744 words)

  
 Pseudorandom number generator - Gurupedia
Because any PRNG run on a deterministic computer (contrast quantum computer) is a deterministic algorithm, its output will inevitably have certain properties that a true random sequence would not exhibit.
One of these is guaranteed periodicity—it is certain that if the generator uses only a fixed amount of memory then, given a sufficient number of iterations, the generator will revisit the same internal state twice, after which it will repeat forever.
In addition, a PRNG can be started from an arbitrary starting point, or seed state, and will always produce an identical sequence from that point on.
www.gurupedia.com /p/pr/prng.htm   (759 words)

  
 Fortuna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fortuna, North Dakota, a town located in the northwest of North Dakota, near the Canadian border.
Fortuna, Spain, a town located in the province of Murcia in Spain
Fortuna (Brazilian singer), a female singer and composer from Brazil of Jewish origin
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fortuna   (198 words)

  
 fortuna   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
France, the fortuna preliminaries for the shores of natural diritto di abitazione gas methane.
Fortuna (latin and spanish: "fortune") can mean: Fortuna (mythology), the Roman goddess; Fortuna (PRNG), a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator design by Niels Ferguson and...
fortuna Chief bulwark of fortuna campania, fortuna basilicata, abruzzi, molise, calabria.
ittalcal.info /fortuna.html   (1584 words)

  
 Fortuna
Fortuna (PRNG) - Fortuna is a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) devised by Bruce Schneier and Niels Ferguson.
Fortuna, Pennsylvania - Fortuna is the name of a whistle stop on the SEPTA R5 Doylestown branch in Hatfield Township, Pennsylvania.
Fortuna, California - Fortuna is a city in Humboldt County, California, United States.
fo34.360mkt.info   (573 words)

  
 [gnutls-dev] Re: alternative /dev/random
And there is zero chance that blocking issue in Debian stable (sarge) is going to be fixed by applying a patch to the kernel (which is not approved by lkml).
I am also very reluctant to suggest that Debian's kernels are patched to use the fortuna PRNG http://jlcooke.ca/random/ by default for a couple of reasons: - Debian's kernel team tries to limit divergence from upstream.
Fortuna, in contrast, has the property that if its cryptoprimitives are broken, you might as well go home." The general feeling seems to be that the current implemtation works, and fortuna is a nice concept but not better than the current implementation.
lists.gnupg.org /pipermail/gnutls-dev/2006-March/001080.html   (370 words)

  
 Yarrow
A PRNG is the unsexy part of a cryptographic system.
When a couple of Berkeley students broke the security on Netscape Navigator, it was the PRNG they broke.
Yarrow is a PRNG; it generates cryptographically secure pseudorandom numbers on a computer.
www.schneier.com /yarrow.html   (335 words)

  
 [patch 0/2] Add Fortuna PRNG to pgcrypto
The idea is to initially seed Fortuna with randomness from system and later feed SHA1 of user data into it too.
Fortuna predecessor, from same authors, Yarrow - does not fit here as it needs precise accounting of entropy.
PRNGs based on stream-ciphers also do not fit as they cannot handle feeding of dubious quality entropy.
archives.postgresql.org /pgsql-patches/2005-07/msg00239.php   (361 words)

  
 [PROPOSAL/PATCH] Fortuna PRNG in /dev/random   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
This is somewhat fundamental to the philosophical question of whether you store a large amount of entropy, taking advantage of the fact that the kernel has easy access to hardware-generated entropy, or use tiny pools and put a greater faith in crypto primitives.
So the bottom line is that while Fortuna's input mixing uses more CPU (ALU) resources, /dev/random is slower because of memory latency issue.
On the other hand, it does mean that we're chewing up a slightly greater amount of memory bandwidth during the entropy mixing process.
lists.logix.cz /pipermail/cryptoapi/2004/000124.html   (300 words)

  
 Getting truley random in C - TSF - Mac Security Forums
They failed to see /dev/random as a PRNG (which is what Fortuna is) and /dev/urandom as a RNG (as I stated in my above paragraph, they felt the opposite, that /dev/urandom was a PRNG and /dev/random was a RNG).
A big advantage Fortuna has over /dev/random is that it can recover from a state discovery, whereas with /dev/random you'd have to re-install.
The supposed disadvantage of Fortuna is that it relies on AES in CTR mode with a 256 bit key and SHA-256, if either are broken this can pose serious issues for the PRNG.
www.macshadows.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=5912   (1197 words)

  
 LWN: Patch: Fortuna PRNG in /dev/random
Team, Here is a patch for the 2.6.8.1 Linux kernel which replaces the existing PRNG in random.c with the Fortuna PRNG designed by Ferguson and Schneier (Practical Cryptography).
Warning: Ted Ts'o and I talked about this at great length in sci.crypt and in the end I failed on convince him that my patch was worth becoming main-line, and he failed to convince me that status-quo is acceptable considering a better solution exists.
This is a good thing because Fortuna will avoid using the entire pooling system for output (this is a strength).
lwn.net /Articles/103653   (2821 words)

  
 Fortuna PRNG from Practical Cryptography
Fortuna is a cryptographically secure pseudo random number generator (PRNG) developed by Bruce Schneier and Niels Ferguson.
I have developed a C++ implementation of Fortuna.
The MFC monitor app uses the compression library from www.zlib.net.
www.citadelsoftware.ca /fortuna/fortuna.htm   (389 words)

  
 FortunaPrng (Computer Science Course Library Documentation)
A Fortuna PRNG can generate a sequence of pseudorandom bytes and store them in a
When seeded with a particular seed value, a Fortuna PRNG will always generate a particular sequence of pseudorandom bytes.
The Fortuna algorithm is described in Niels Ferguson and Bruce Schneier, Practical Cryptography (Wiley Publishing, 2003), pages 162-167.
www.cs.rit.edu /~ark/cscl/doc/edu/rit/crypto/random/FortunaPrng.html   (358 words)

  
 [ python-Bugs-917055 ] add a stronger PRNG
I coded a sample implementation: http://www.nightsong.com/phr/python/sharandom.py I'd like to ask that the Python lib include something like this as an alternative to MT. It would be similar to the existing whrandom module in that it's an alternative subclass to the regular Random class.
The entropy module is quite a bit more important than the deterministic PRNG module, since the application can easily supply the DPRNG but can't always easily supply the entropy module.
This type of generator is similar to Bruce Schneier's Yarrow and its offspring (Fortuna and Tiny).
mail.python.org /pipermail/python-bugs-list/2004-June/023572.html   (4336 words)

  
 riviera, megido, fortuna, hotels, reward credit card, georgia, costa rica, woodlawn, pinewood, miraflores   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
Because of the worldwide popularity of the French Riviera and Italian Riviera, it has become fashionable to attach the term "Riviera" to many scenic strands of coastland, particularly semitropical or tropical, and usually with an eye to tourism.
The new costa concordia, the costa magica, costa costa crociera fortuna, costa atlantica, costa mediterranea, costa europa, costa victoria, costa classica, costa noche romantica romantica, costa allegra and costa marina.
When using hotels we use fine airport hotels with fully adapted bathrooms, these are available in the major cities and on some game reserves.
www.megido.org /Riviera.html   (926 words)

  
 viva fortuna bahamas   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
Fortuna (mythology), the personification of luck in Roman mythology
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7769-fortuna.169.nedmstick.com   (393 words)

  
 okay airways, toledo, confort, comfort inn, hunter, apartments, fortuna, tropical, nurse, capitol, acapulco, woodlawn, ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
Many factors combined to focus intense pressure on wilson as smile neared completion, including mental instability, the pressure to perform against fierce opposition to his new music, the relatively poor response to pet sounds, carl wilson's draft resistance, and a major dispute with capitol.
The hit singles senza fortuna and la notte helped put him back in the spotlight.
His two sons and their mother, claudette, who predeceased him, had been laid to rest at his request in the woodlawn villa memorial park cemetery in nashville, tennessee.
toledohotels.info /okay_airways.html   (445 words)

  
 [No title]
Fortuna, in contrast, has > the property that if its cryptoprimitives are broken, you might as > well go home." The general feeling seems to be that the current I will only comment on that.
Fortuna, in contrast, has > > the property that if its cryptoprimitives are broken, you might as > > well go home." The general feeling seems to be that the current > I will only comment on that.
I don't consider the concepts of /dev/random and /dev/urandom to be that bad for a prng generator (although it is not that good either) and it was initially revolutionary --I knew of no others system support such concept.
lists.gnupg.org /pipermail/gnutls-dev/2006-March.txt   (4711 words)

  
 Dino Finance estimator, more information about estimator
Fortuna (PRNG) From Sterwiki Fortuna is a cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) devised by Bruce Schneier and Niels Ferguson.
More precisely, Fortuna is a family of secure PRNGs; its design leaves some choice...
Kalman filter From Sterwiki The Kalman filter is an efficient recursive filter which estimates the state of a dynamic system from a series of incomplete and noisy measurements.
www.dinotopia.org /finance/estimator.htm   (259 words)

  
 Re: [patch 0/2] Add Fortuna PRNG to pgcrypto
The main reason for Fortuna is to cover OS'es that don't have /dev/random.
The danger is, that if it runs as PRNG, some resourceful 'interested party' can read some of the output and then predict what the next user will get or what some other user got before.
Practically speaking, if we need to have Fortuna anyway, we may as well be better OS citizens by using it on /dev/urandom too.
archives.postgresql.org /pgsql-patches/2005-07/msg00251.php   (622 words)

  
 Fortuna (I2P)
Supplement, or possibly replace, the random state of this PRNG with a random byte.
Supplement, or possibly replace, the random state of this PRNG with a sequence of new random bytes.
Implementations are not required to implement this method in any meaningful way; this may be a no-operation, and implementations may throw an
www.i2p.net /javadoc/gnu/crypto/prng/Fortuna.html   (320 words)

  
 Triple-AES, NIST and RNGs
Where RND is a 'good' long period PRNG.
It addresses quite a few PRNG "problems" and is well thought out.
Fortuna overcomes this problem by periodic reseeding of the AES
www.groupsrv.com /science/ntopic88696.html   (1301 words)

  
 Yarrow-160: Notes on the Design and Analysis of the Yarrow Cryptographic Pseudorandom Number Generator   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
We describe the concept of a PRNG as a separate cryptographic primitive, and the design principles used to develop Yarrow.
Next, we define a specific instance of a PRNG in the Yarrow family that makes use of available technology today.
Fortuna does not need any entropy estimators and is therefore easier to implement securely.
www.macfergus.com /pub/yarrow.html   (187 words)

  
 LKML: Jean-Luc Cooke: Re: [PROPOSAL/PATCH 2] Fortuna PRNG in /dev/random
+ * + * Even if it is possible to analyze Fortuna in some clever way, as + * long as the amount of data returned from the generator is less than + * the inherent entropy we've estimated in the pool, the output data + * is totally unpredictable.
For this reason, the routine decreases + * its internal estimate of how many bits of "true randomness" are + * contained in the entropy pool as it outputs random numbers.
This requires successful cryptanalysis of Fortuna, which is + * not believed to be feasible, but there is a remote possibility.
lkml.org /lkml/2004/10/1/77   (3990 words)

  
 [PROPOSAL/PATCH] Fortuna PRNG in /dev/random
I've failed in my attempt to present a good argument for Fortuna.
And Fortuna's *only* layer of armor is the block cipher.
Feel free to argue that the crypto in > Fortuna is better (although Ted is making some strong points that it > *isn't*), but is it necessary to throw the baby out with the bathwater?
lists.logix.cz /pipermail/cryptoapi/2004/000119.html   (1271 words)

  
 Fortuna (PRNG) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
More precisely, Fortuna is a family of secure PRNGs; its design leaves some choices open to implementors.
The generator itself, which once seeded will produce an indefinite quantity of pseudo-random data.
http://jlcooke.ca/random Homepage for a patch adding an implementation of Fortuna to the Linux kernel; seems still to do some Yarrow-style entropy estimation
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fortuna_(PRNG)   (610 words)

  
 [e-lang] PRNG in E   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
Fortuna's design is such that after a state > compromise, if at least some entropy is being fed to it, eventually > forward secrecy will be re-established, without requiring any entropy > estimation.
I was all set to post a reply about state-following attacks, but no, Fortuna does resist those without relying on entropy estimation.
It's the only published CSPRNG I know of that does, so I second Jeroen's recommendation.
www.eros-os.org /pipermail/e-lang/2003-September/009120.html   (223 words)

  
 viva fortuna   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
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7770-fortuna.170.nedmstick.com   (349 words)

  
 PostgreSQL: /usr/local/src/pgsql/cvs/pgsql/contrib/pgcrypto/fortuna.c Source File   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
Seems like original Fortuna does not 00056 * do it, resetting hash after each request.
00062 * 00063 * Fortuna predecessor Yarrow requires ability to query intermediate 00064 * 'final result' from hash, without affecting it.
00077 * 00078 * Original Fortuna uses 32 pools, that means 32'th pool is 00079 * used not earlier than in 13th year.
www.mcknight.de /pgsql-doxygen/cvshead/html/fortuna_8c-source.html   (825 words)

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