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Topic: Forty-Ninth Parallel

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49TH PARALLEL NORTH FACTS AND INFORMATION Parts of the 49th parallel were originally surveyed using astronomical techniques that did not take into account slight departures of the Earth's shape from a simple ellipsoid, and the surveys were subject to the limitations of early to mid 19th-century technology. The 49th parallel of north latitude forms part of the international boundary between Canada and the United_States from Manitoba to British_Columbia on the Canadian side and from Minnesota to Washington on the U.S. side. While the United States and Canada have not disputed the boundary from the original survey lines, the difference of the survey from the geographical 49th parallel was argued in front of the Washington_Supreme_Court in the case of ''State of Washington v. www.brolgas.com /49th_parallel_north   (739 words)

Forty-ninth Parallel The forty-ninth parallel is the line of latitude that forms the boundary between Canada and the US from LAKE OF THE WOODS to the Strait of GEORGIA. The parallel also forms the first baseline for the Dominion Lands Survey System by which the territory that became the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta and some adjacent parts of British Columbia and Ontario was subdivided. It and the baselines every 24 miles (38.6 km) north of it are east-west survey control lines which are run as 6 mile (9.6 km) chords to curved parallels of latitude. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0002986   (163 words)

Forty-Ninth Parallel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Forty-Ninth Parallel (1941) is the third collaboration by the British writer-director team of Powell and Pressburger. They attempt to travel across Canada to the then-neutral United States - the title comes from the 49th parallel north which marks part of the border between the two countries. Led by the Lieutenants Hirth (Eric Portman) and Kuhnecke (Raymond Lovell), the small band of sailors have various encounters, including a French-Canadian trapper (Laurence Olivier), a German Hutterite community (led by Anton Walbrook), an English academic (Leslie Howard) and an AWOL Canadian soldier (Raymond Massey). www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Forty-Ninth_Parallel   (416 words)

Forty-ninth Parallel The 49th parallel is the line of latitude which forms part of the boundary between the United States and Canada. The border runs along the 49th parallel between the west end of Lake of the Woods in Ontario and the Pacific Ocean. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /PrinterFriendly.cfm?ArticleId=J0002986   (105 words)

HistoryLink Essay: State Supreme Court declares on February 21, 2002, that Washington’s boundary extends north of the 49th parallel. In the treaty article dealing with the 49th parallel west of the Rocky Mountains, the two countries agreed that the "remonumenting" of the line established by the 1858 survey would be deemed to be the international boundary as established by the treaties. The defendants argued that since the plain language of the Washington constitution sets the boundary on the 49th parallel, their alleged crimes north of that point occurred outside the state. However, even at the time, the surveyors were aware that the line marked was not always on the actual 49th parallel, and various errors of hundreds of feet were discovered when a joint commission sought to combine British and American surveys. www.washington.historylink.org /output.cfm?file_id=5199   (919 words)

Chapter 16 One is found, however, lying about forty miles south of Cape Flattery, and named, by the Spaniards, the "Isle of Grief," in commemoration of the loss of some of their men, who were destroyed by the natives on the adjacent coast. The valley of the Cowlitz is about forty miles in length, and varying from ten to twenty in breadth, and extends east to the foot of that range of mountains of which "St. Helen’s," the Mount Adams of Americans, is the highest peak. The shores of the strait are composed of beaches of sand or stones, overhung by sandy and rocky cliffs, and from these the land ascends gradually to the foot of the mountains, which rise abruptly to a great height within a few miles of the ocean. www.rootsweb.com /~ormultno/History/Exploring/chpt16.htm   (8625 words)

Thomas C. McClintock British Newspapers and the Oregon Treaty of 1846 Oregon Historical Quarterly, 104.1 The History Cooperative As historian E.E. Rich has reported, by 1846 the HBC was reducing its trading activities south of the forty-ninth parallel because its fur trade was becoming increasingly less profitable and because the American settlers were arriving in growing numbers. Ironically, both nations had favored the forty-ninth parallel as a compromise, but prior to 1846 one or the other party had always rejected it.       The justification for the forty-ninth parallel boundary, Senior wrote, was that most of the Oregon Country would be of little or no value to Great Britain. www.historycooperative.org /journals/ohq/104.1/mcclintock.html   (4740 words)

Pete's Dissertation: 49th Parallel Worlds Somewhat strangely, however, this widely perceived picture of an integrated "Anglo-America" has rarely translated into regional historical or geographical studies that bridge the so-called borderlands along the forty-ninth parallel. Instead, two distinctive national traditions have emerged--an American one which largely ignores the extensions and parallels of its stories into Canadian territory, and a Canadian one which recognizes the ever-looming U.S. presence, but almost solely as a simplified antagonist against which a defensive Canadian story and identity have been forged. But the 49th parallel's true legacy has been more complicated and less pernicious than this story would suggest. homepage.smc.edu /morris_pete/dissertation.html   (1322 words)

49th Parallel (1941) Although 49th Parallel was conceived as a wartime propaganda film, and is predictably heavy-handed in places, it is more often surprisingly subtle and ambivalent. Goofs: Errors in geography: Despite the title, no scene in the movie is set at the 49th parallel of north latitude, which forms the US/Canadian border from Lake of the Woods to the Pacific coast. 49th Parallel works as art and entertainment as well as propaganda, in contrast to Nazi films of the same era. www.imdb.com /title/tt0033627   (1231 words)

Forty-Ninth Parallel Forty-Ninth Parallel is a 1941 war film in which a German U-boat is stranded in a Canadian bay, and its crew attempts to travel across Canada to the then-neutral United States. The name of the film comes from the 49th parallel (49° N latitude) which marks Canada's southern border with the United States, however no scene in the movie actually takes place on this border. The Nazis also travel, mostly by foot, from Hudson Bay, to Newfoundland, to Niagara Falls and then to British Columbia. www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/forty_ninth_parallel   (331 words)

Forty-ninth Parallel The Oregon Treaty of 1846 (in American history called the Treaty of Washington) extended the 49th parallel to the Pacific. Hawkins argued that boundary markers should be placed every mile “in open ground.” The Americans refused to bear their share of the cost but did agree to place markers wherever the 49th parallel crossed “streams of any size, permanent trails, or any striking natural features of the country.” Polk won the election but decided that he would rather negotiate than fight and the British were happy to comply. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params=A1ARTFET_E24   (659 words)

Powell and Pressburger - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The second was Forty-Ninth Parallel (1941), which won Pressburger an Academy Award for Best Story. David Lean (soon to become a famous director) edited Forty-Ninth Parallel and One of our Aircraft... It was the first in a run of Powell and Pressburger films set during the current war. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Powell_and_Pressburger   (1050 words)

Canadian Journal of History: Crossing the 49th Parallel: Migration from Canada to the United States, 1900-1930 The forty-ninth parallel has figured prominently in discussions about CanadianAmerican relations since September 11, 2001. For instance, as Bruno Ramirez illustrates in Crossing the 49th Parallel: Migration from Canada to the United States, 1900-1930, written before the events of September 11, American restrictions on certain types of immigrants or even the tightening of border controls are nothing new. Besides providing context to the present, Crossing the 49th Parallel is an important work for its enlightening portrait of the past. newssearch.looksmart.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200308/ai_n9252257   (635 words)

Presettlement Trails through Surrey. The site was just north of the forty-ninth parallel; it was clear, contained a fresh water supply, and the Campbell River channel provided water access over the tidal flats. The initial point of boundary established by those entrusted with the survey, has been located about 2 miles south of their present encampment - being, it is very rational to conclude, in the neighborhood of the 49th parallel. They erected their headquarters on a little strip of open land near the mouth of the Little Campbell River close to one of the Semiahmoo winter camps. members.shaw.ca /j.a.brown/Trails.html   (887 words)

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Montana Its northern boundary line, which divides it from Canada, extends along the forty-ninth parallel from meridian 27 west of Washington (104 west of Greenwich), its eastern boundary, to meridian 39 -- that is, 549 miles. The Kootenai drains a portion of the extreme northwestern part of the state, but the great bulk of the western waters in that region comes south, by the Flathead, to meet with those from the southern portion which flow north and west to make the Missoula. The Great Northern was completed to the coast across Montana in 1891, and the year 1909 witnessed the construction of another transcontinental line crossing the state from east to west -- that of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and Puget Sound Railway Company. www.newadvent.org /cathen/10516b.htm   (5077 words)

map The south side of the park is bounded by the forty-ninth parallel which is the Canada / United States border. The west side of the park is bounded by the Continental Divide which is the Alberta / British Columbia border. The park occupies 526 square kilometers of land. www.uleth.ca /vft/waterton/map.htm   (90 words)

Presettlement Wildlife and Habitat of Montana: An Overview Dawson, G.M. Report on the geology and resources of the region in the vicinity of the forty-ninth parallel, from the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains with lists of plants and animals collected and notes on the fossils. The remainder of the summer he collected and observed wildlife as he traveled west along the 49th parallel up to Waterton Lake, at which point he turned southeast to Fort Benton, and then down the Missouri River. In 1873, Coues confined his work to the 49th parallel between the Red and Souris Rivers in North Dakota. www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/literatr/presettl/expedit/nboundry.htm   (401 words)

Forty-Ninth Parallel -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article Forty-Ninth Parallel (1941) is the third collaboration by the (The people of Great Britain) British writer-director team of (Click link for more info and facts about Powell & Pressburger) Powell & Pressburger. Forty-Ninth Parallel -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fo/forty-ninth_parallel1.htm   (396 words)

1818 - Open Encyclopedia October 20 - A convention between the U.S. and the United Kingdom establishes the northern boundary as the forty-ninth parallel from the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains, also creating the Northwest Angle April 4 - The United States Congress adopts the flag of the United States as having 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (20 stars) with additional stars to be added whenever a new state is added to the Union. December 3 - Illinois is admitted as the 21st U.S. state. open-encyclopedia.com /1818   (365 words)

UW Press: Search Books in Print On Sacred Ground explores the literature of the Northwest, the area that extends from the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains, and from the forty-ninth parallel to the Siskiyou Mountains. www.washington.edu /uwpress/search/books/OCOONC.html   (402 words)

Oregon Trail Maps South Pass Robert Stuart Astorian Pictures In 1846, the border between Canada and the United States was established along the forty-ninth parallel, not at a latitude of fifty-four forty as one of the world’s greatest entrepreneurs had envisioned it. Astor’s fur trading posts in the Pacific Northwest were a major factor in establishing the border at the forty-ninth parallel, instead of the Columbia River, as the British had wanted. , especially Okanogan, and the Oregon Trail were major factors in the boundary between the United States and Canada being at the forty-ninth parallel, instead of at the Columbia River as the British had insisted. www.thefurtrapper.com /astorians.htm   (4116 words)

San Juan Island's "Pig War" Because its territory north of the forty-ninth parallel and west of the Rockies had not yet attracted an abundance of permanent settlers, the British government in 1849 leased all of Vancouver's Island to the Hudson's Bay Company for seven shillings a year, with the proviso that the company take over efforts at colonization. An 1818 treaty had extended the international border westward along the forty-ninth parallel, from Lake of the Woods, at what is today the far western tip of the province of Ontario, as far as the Rocky Mountains. This action generated protests from Governor Douglas to his counterpart, Governor Isaac I. Stevens of Washington, and to the British Colonial Office and led to the submission of a claim for $15,000 in damages by the Hudson's Bay Company. www.thehistorynet.com /ah/blsanjuan   (755 words)

coastal.htm East of the Rockies the forty-ninth parallel had already been established as the boundary between the United States and Canada. In 1846, however, land south of the forty-ninth parallel became American. Extending that line west, however, would bisect the Columbia River and, rather than accept that, British and American interests agreed to joint occupation of what is now Washington and British Columbia. www.concrete.k12.wa.us /WA_State_History/coastal.htm   (573 words)

Michael Powell Emeric Pressburger Action Suspense Movies The opening narration that describes the US/Canadian border as "the forty-ninth parallel, the only undefended frontier in the world" gives a hint of the real aim of the movie. Aircraft reverses the episodic 49th Parallel plot, this time telling the story of British bomber crew shot down over Holland trying to make its way back to England, helped along the way by a series of average citizens with the Dutch underground. Each time the airmen are aided, if you remember that first shot, the success of moving the men along the line is bittersweet. www.suspense-movies.com /directors/powell-pressburger   (1389 words)

UW Press: Search Books in Print Two of the narratives are recounted in detail: the story of the survey of the 49th parallel, with its clear contrast between the British and American approaches, and the account of early conquests of the major peaks, told with intimate relish by a fellow climber. The story is of multiple overlays of discovery and conquest: European and American explorers and sea captains, fur traders, railroad builders, surveyors of international boundaries, settlers, gold prospectors, mountaineers, timber barons, tourists, and finally the Forest Service and National Park administrations. This study will be particularly appealing to those interested in American wilderness areas and the way people approached those areas during a time of dynamic change in the Pacific Northwest. www.washington.edu /uwpress/search/books/BECRAN.html   (431 words)

1985. John Caldwell Calhoun (1782-1850). Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations. 1989 When the dispute was settled in 1846, the United States was given all the land south of the forty-ninth parallel except Vancouver Island. JOHN C. secretary of state, letter to Richard Pakenham, British minister to the United States, September 3, 1844, concerning the boundary dispute between the two countries.—Congressional Globe, December 2, 1845, vol. www.bartleby.com /73/1985.html   (141 words)

MSN Encarta - Dictionary - forty Search for "forty" in all of MSN Encarta group of 40: a group of forty objects or people Click here to search all of MSN Encarta encarta.msn.com /dictionary_1861613126/forty.html   (127 words)

Disputing the Medicine Line Agents counterparts north of the forty-ninth parallel shared the belief that the Plains Crees treaties with the Canadian government and historic ties to the Hudsons Bay Company established them as "Canadian." The question of where in Canada the Crees belonged, however, remained unsettled. Unlike in the U.S., in 1879 the small settler population of the North-West Territories was clustered along the North Saskatchewan and Battle rivers, well north of the forty-ninth parallel, and officials faced little pressure to restrict the cross-border movement of the Crees or other tribes. As both the number of Crees living on the plains and the commercial demand for hides increased, the great buffalo herds north of the forty-ninth parallel began to shrink. visitmt.com /history/Montana_the_Magazine_of_Western_History/Winter02/medicineline.htm   (8585 words)

In Depth: 49th Parallel (1941) Michael Powell's 49th Parallel (originally released in the United States as The Invaders) is one of the great thrillers of World War II. This laserdisc of 49th Parallel was made from the 35mm fine grain master. Among the movie's less obvious but equally compelling attributes is the alternately haunting and majestic music of Ralph Vaughan Williams, the reigning giant of 20th century British music, who made his motion picture debut with 49th Parallel at the age of sixty nine. www.powell-pressburger.org /Reviews/HomeVision/V-49Indepth.html   (827 words)

MSN Encarta - Search Results - forty-ninth parallel MSN Encarta - Search Results - forty-ninth parallel Search for books about your topic, "forty-ninth parallel" To determine wind chill, find the outside air temperature on the top line, then read down the column to the measured wind speed in miles per hour.... encarta.msn.com /forty-ninth_parallel.html   (115 words)

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