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Topic: Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry

	Anti-psychiatry
		The term 'anti-psychiatry' was first used by David Cooper[?] in 1967, though opposition to either psychiatry in general, or its practices, predates this coinage; surrealism's opposition to psychiatry predates it by decades.
		Among popular movements against psychiatry are the Psychiatric survivors movement, persons charged with abuse based on repressed memories[?], political prisoners of totalitarian regimes, and certain documenters of the Nazi holocaust.
		Observation of the abuses of psychiatry in the Soviet Union also led to questioning of the validity of the practice of psychiatry in the West.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/an/Anti-psychiatry.html (1221 words)

	Michel Foucault
		Foucault interprets his writings about sexuality, politics and punishment stressing the contribution of each to the portrait of society he is compiling.
		FOUCAULT is an electronic forum for discussion and experimentation rooted in the philosophy of the philosopher Michel Foucault.
		Psychiatry is after all not a penal institution, but nevertheless open to the arbitrariness of doctors with such uncivilized powers at their disposal such as physical punishment (e.g.
	www.queertheory.com /theories/philosophy/philosophers_michel_foucault.htm (660 words)

	Politics, Philosophy, Culture
		Foucault states, "It is an analysis of the relation between forms of reflexivity—a relation of self to self—and, hence, of relations between forms of reflexivity and the discourse of truth, forms of rationality and effects of knowledge" (30).
		Foucault move to the concept of the right of confinement, where family members could have an individual confined with the co-signature of a psychiatrist (188); in France this right was so widely used, at all levels of the culture, that when it was abolished in the Revolution, the society greatly missed this right (188).
		Foucault claims that at the heart of the revolution is not just a change of relationship with the government, but a change with every aspect of their daily life and being, which is where Islam played a role (217-18).
	www.comm.umn.edu /Foucault/ppc.html (16640 words)

	The Foucault Tribunal: The Ignored Users' Voice - Tristano Ajmone -
		Psychiatry performs a function of social control on behalf of the State, it deprives of liberty people who have not committed crimes, or it excuses people who have committed crimes on the assumption that they were not responsible of their actions when they committed their criminal act.
		In the Foucault Tribunal, amongst the witnesses of the accusation there is Elvira Manthey, a woman which managed to survive the psychiatric diagnosis of "antisocial person" which doomed her to the Nazi program of "cure and elimination" at the psychiatric facility of Magdeburg.
		Psychiatry tends to belittle these truths of the past, it tends to distract the professionals of mental health from its historical crimes by waving in front of them the carrot of progress, by engaging their minds and their time in useless and sterile debates about today's problems and their future solutions.
	www.iaapa.de /ft_italy.htm (4192 words)

	The Madness Outside Gender: Travels with Don Quixote and Saint Foucault, by Carol Siegel.
		As Lacan states, in a burst of anti-Foucauldianism, the analyst's recognition and transmission of "truth" is central to the return to Freudian practice (118).
		Her introduction to the work of Deleuze and Guattari "and somewhat Foucault" gave her a language for expression of her group's ideas and values, "For the first time we had a way of talking about what we were doing" (16).
		Foucault's argument that repression serves to "proliferate the domain of the bodily beyond the domain targeted by the original restriction" can be used as a ground for resistance is dismissively deemed by Butler a "utopian gesture" (59; emphasis Butler's).
	www.rhizomes.net /issue1/mad/quixote.html (8236 words)

	Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari
		Foucault reacts by denouncing the third party, saying that if there is popular justice, it does not issue from a tribunal.
		It is evident that a revolution requires a war machine, out this is not a state apparatus, it is also certain that it requires an instance of analysis, an analysis of the desires of the masses, yet this is not an apparatus external to the synthesis.
		FG: The structure of psychiatric hospitals essentially depends on the state and the psychiatrists are mere functionaries.
	www.generation-online.org /p/fpdeleuze7.htm (5319 words)

	Anti-psychiatry Psychiatry
		The United States Libertarian Partycan also be associated with anti-psychiatry as it has opposed involuntary commitment in its platform.[1] Anti-realists have argued that the definition of a "lack of capacity to recognize reality," both clinically and legally, constitutes or could constitute a direct attack on their ideas.
		Observation of the abuses of psychiatry in the Soviet Unionalso led to questioning of the validity of the practice of psychiatry in the West.
		In psychiatry, the balance of neurotransmittersin the brainis thought to be the biological basis for mental health.
	www.lumrix.com /medical/psychiatry/anti-psychiatry.html (4282 words)

	Comments on ECT
		This statement was drafted and approved by the Tribunal Jury, 11 psychiatric survivor-activists from four different countries (Germany, Israel, Canada and the United States), at the "Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry" held in Berlin on May 1-3,1998.
		We charge psychiatry based upon coercion and forced treatment with arbitrary incarceration and various tortures including electroshock, lobotomy or psychosurgery, the bondage of four point restraint, forced drugging, the divestment of human dignity and status through labeling and stigma and frequent lifetime incapacity and disability.
		Coercive psychiatry habitually and continuously violates civil and human rights through its denial of due process in depriving persons of liberty of person through arrest and imprisonment and further violating bodily integrity through forced injection, restraint, and electrical tortures, its victims even denied access to the records of their experience.
	www.oikos.org /ectcomments2.htm (2337 words)

	A CRITIQUE OF PSYCHIATRY AND AN INVITATION TO DIALOGUE
		In the Spring of 1998, psychiatry was called to public account by the Foucault Tribunal: Psychiatry on Trial which was organized in Berlin by a group of psychiatric survivors and activists.
		State psychiatry's response to the psychoanalyst Szasz's critique of the medical model was to restrict and repress him.
		Psychiatry's successful efforts to silence its critics is contrary to the rules of science and refutes the psychiatric claim to psychiatric validity.
	www.critpsynet.freeuk.com /critique.htm (8366 words)

	Michel Foucault: Panopticism
		While, on the one hand, the disciplinary establishments increase, their mechanisms have a certain tendency to become 'de-institutionalized', to emerge from the closed fortresses in which they once functioned and to circulate in a 'free' state; the massive, compact disciplines are broken down into flexible methods of control, which may be transferred and adapted.
		But what this politico-juridical, administrative and criminal, religious and lay, investigation was to the sciences of nature, disciplinary analysis has been to the sciences of man. These sciences, which have so delighted our 'humanity' for over a century, have their technical matrix in the petty, malicious minutiae of the disciplines and their investigations.
		These investigations are perhaps to psychology, psychiatry, pedagogy, criminology, and so many other strange sciences, what the terrible power of investigation was to the calm knowledge of the animals, the plants or the earth.
	wearcam.org /cfp2005/foucault.htm (7501 words)

	Michel Foucault, Discipline & Punish (1975), Panopticism
		But, although the police as an institution were certainly organized in the form of a state apparatus, and although this was certainly linked directly to the centre of political sovereignty, the type of power that it exercises, the mechanisms it operates and the elements to which it applies them are specific.
		The organization of the police apparatus in the eighteenth century sanctioned a generalization of the disciplines that became co-extensive with the state itself.
		And, in effect, its appearance in the form of tests, interviews, interrogations and consultations is apparently in order to rectify the mechanisms of discipline: educational psychology is supposed to correct the rigours of the school, just as the medical or psychiatric interview is supposed to rectify the effects of the discipline of work.
	foucault.info /documents/disciplineAndPunish/foucault.disciplineAndPunish.panOpticism.html (7435 words)

	Criminalisation in Forensic Psychiatry,
		Psychiatry, and especially forensic psychiatry influences the criminalising process at many points and this is not always to the benefit of the recipient.
		The usefulness of psychoanalysis in the development of psychiatry cannot be denied but it is its insidious and largely unrecognised function to label and criminalise any behaviour that it turned its mind to that was most objectionable as far as the law is concerned.
		From this it can be appreciated that psychiatry is walking a very fine line and the personal standards of the person will play a significant role in where the psychiatrist places his or her feet.
	www.priory.com /psych/criminal.htm (4767 words)

	Hypnotic World Psychology
		A sermon against the earlier practice by Bishop August Clemens Graf von Galen of Münster delivered on August 3, 1941 is credited with inspiring a group of young medical students to publish anti-Hitler pamphlets in 1942 and 1943 in the name of White Rose.
		Many of their criticisms derived from the inhumane treatment of mental patients, either through the damaging effects of long-term institutionalisation or the use of specific interventions given without informed consent.
		Others object to psychiatry not on these grounds, but on the grounds of the fact that the body of information making up the discipline consists mostly of vague and non-falsifiable hypotheses, or, worse, hypotheses not testable without resorting to unconscionable and inhumane experiments on human beings.
	psychology.hypnoticworld.com /issues/anti-psychiatry.php (1256 words)

	Freedom of Thought - Film program
		The legitimacy given to psychiatry to use force has its roots in the historical political climate of its foundation: Europe at the beginning of the 19th century, the first chair for psychiatry was created at Jena, Germany, in 1800.
		The biological thinking and its outcome which is the foundation of eugenics and psychiatry are identical all over the world, but the consequences differ when psychiatry is given the force, by the state and the legislator, to employ it.
		The Verdict of the Foucault Tribunal - 11.00
	www.freedom-of-thought.de /film_program.htm (1908 words)

	arthritis pain relief - Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry
		The 1998 Focuault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry, which took place in Berlin in the "Volksbuehne Theatre " is well documented on the Internet.
		The homepage of the Tribunal is: http://www.foucault.de There is also a streaming video of the event: http://www.foucault.de/ft_video_stream.htm
		The ongoing influence of the Tribunal is reflecterd in the decision to choose the date of the verdict, the 2nd of May, as the annual international date for a Rememberence and Resistance Day, documented on this page: http://www.freedom-of-thought.de/may2
	www.painreliefchat.com /arthritis-pain-relief/Foucault_Tribunal_on_the_State_of_Psychiatry (112 words)

	description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		· the end of all compulsory services of the sick-funds to psychiatry, instead the insured person should have the free choice as to whether he wants to be insured for psychiatrists services.
		Persons who have had personal experience with the violence in psychiatry, chosen by the "Irren-Offensive" or the tribunal preparation group, among others Kate Millett.
		4, the address from which the mass murder in 1939-41 by the doctors in psychiatry originated.
	www.foucault.de /description.htm (409 words)

	Web Directory » Web Directory » Society » Philosophy » Philosophers » F » Foucault, ...
		Foucault at LSU - Lectures and outlines for a Foucault course (by John Protevi, LSU French Studies)
		Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry - Using Foucault's 'Madness and Civilisation' as a foundation, a 'seminar' on the nature of psychiatry with a powerful verdict and an impressive list of supporters.
		Michel Foucault - Include notes towards 'Technologies of the Self' and good resources for a reading group.
	www.dcpages.com /DC_ODP/?c=Society/Philosophy/Philosophers/F/Foucault,_Michel/Articles (293 words)

	The Foucault Pages at CSUN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The site is produced and maintained by Ben Attias with the assistance of Foucault.info.
		A Genealogy of Foucault: a list of many of his works along with commentary.
		Foucault Discussion Lists: Join scholars, intellectuals, and the just plain curious for discussion and conversation.
	www.csun.edu /~hfspc002/foucault.home.html (136 words)

	link
		Textos de Foucault - 15 texts and a bibliography.
		The Birth of the Clinic - A graphical exploration of Foucault's 1963 text, by Casey Alt.
		Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry - Using Foucault's 'Madness and Civilisation' as a foundation, a 'seminar' on the nature of psychiatry with an impressive list of supporters.
	jzy.bigwww.com /link.htm (827 words)

	AT&T Worldnet Service - Directory
		This article written by two architects show how Foucault's works can be of use in parallel fields.
		Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry - http://www.foucault.de/
		Using Foucault's 'Madness and Civilisation' as a foundation, a 'seminar' on the nature of psychiatry with a powerful verdict and an impressive list of supporters.
	www.att.net /cgi-bin/webdrill?catkey=gwd/Top/Society/Philosophy/Philosophers/F/Foucault,_Michel/Course_Material_and_Articles (295 words)

	Nachrichten Hamburg
		´95 gedrehter Fernsehfilm von Ernst Klee über Psychiatrie in der Nazizeit, mit vielen erstmals öffentlich gezeigten Orginalbildern, Namen der Mörder und wie sie nach ´45 weitergemacht haben.
		Psychiatry degrades us as alleged 'mentally ill' to an object of ´therapy´ by attributing to us a biologistical illness based on an undignifying image of the human being.
		German psychiatry continued these murders for 3 years after the end of World War II by starving people to death in institutions.
	www.psychiatrie-erfahrene.de /PsyNetzLinksSeiten/hamburg_nachrichten.htm (2741 words)

	[CTRL] Thomas Szasz, the Foucault Tribunal and the Support C
		Schizophrenia: The Sacred Symbol of Psychiatry- ISBN: 0815602243- Syracuse University Press/ October 1990- "The Reader's Catalog:" Argues that scizophrenia is not a genuine disease, but has been invented by psychiatrists as a way of locking up the nonconforming against their will.
		Cruel Compassion: Psychiatric Control of Society's Unwanted- ISBN 0815605102- Syracuse University- April 1998; Synopsis: The author critizes psychiatry, contending that "it victimizes the homeless and the mentally ill by coercively institutionalizing them.
		His purpose is to show "that the belief in mental illness and the social actions to which it lends have the same moral implications and political consequences as had the belief in witchcraft and the social actions to which led it.
	www.mail-archive.com /ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg45068.html (611 words)

	Psychiatry and Antipsychiatry on the Web
		Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry (1998): Focaulttribunalet i 1998 og Nürnbergdommen deira mot psykiatrien - uppkalla etter den franske historikaren Michel Foucault.
		David Cooper er kjent millom anna frå boka Psychiatry and Anti-Psychiatry, London 1967 (svensk utgåve 1970, dansk utgåve 1971, norsk utgåve Gyldendal 1971 og 1981).
		Michel Foucault (1926-84) fransk filosof - sjå Blad og bøker om psykiatri and antipsykiatri:
	www.geocities.com /greenliberal/psychlinksglobal.html (2135 words)

	Club dell'Aggiornamento
		The cure of souls in the therapeutic state.
		State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Honorary Degree Recipient's Remarks, May 21, 2001
		The Foucault Tribunal on the State of Psychiatry
	www.psicopolis.com /arcipelago/clubsegnala38.htm (205 words)

	Freedom of Thought - Jury - Leifer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		He has written two books: In The Name of Mental Health: The Social Functions of Psychiatry, a critique of coercive-medical psychiatry, and The Happiness Project, an analysis of mental and emotional suffering from the perspective of Western and Asian psychology and philosophy.
		He has been a critic of medical-coercive psychiatry for forty years and was the prosecutor at the Foucault Tribunal in Berlin in 1998.
		He is presently expert witness for the defense of Paul Henri Thomas who is being forced by state psychiatrists to submit to involuntary electroshock therapy.
	www.freedom-of-thought.de /rt/jury/leifer.htm (136 words)

	Mental Health Matters: Advocacy: Antipsychiatry
		Antipsychiatry Coalition: The Antipsychiatry Coalition is a nonprofit volunteer group consisting of people who feel they have been harmed by psychiatry - and their supporters.
		Foucault Tribunal Indicts Psychiatry: Statement drafted and approved by a Tribunal Jury of 11 psychiatric survivor-activists from four different countries (Germany, Israel, Canada and the United States).
		Its aim is to promote the liberation of people who have been or are in danger of being labelled mentally ill - those who go nuts or get too angry, too "high" or too miserable for their own and/or other people's comfort.
	www.mental-health-matters.com /advocacy/antipsychiatry.php (480 words)

	...Recovering From Psychiatry...
		This included of course how psychiatry shaped itself and transformed itself over the years, including it's collusion with pharmaceutical companies.
		It is interesting that one of the big words in psychiatry is “insight,” a word that now brings horror to my mind.
		In psychiatry, “insight” is a code-word for saying that a person is incompetent, and therefore needs to be stripped of all their rights, in the name of help.
	valspsyke.spaces.live.com (6459 words)

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