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Topic: Four fours


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  Four fours: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
Four fours is a mathematical game[For more info, click on this link].
A mathematical expression is a string of symbols which describes (or expresses) a (potential or actual) computation using operators and operands....
In mathematics, subtraction is one of the four basic arithmetic operations....
www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/f/fo/four_fours.htm   (984 words)

  
 π: MATH Pages of Jonathan Vos Post
That problem was the Four Nines Puzzle, based on the even older Four Fours Puzzle, which is also discussed on this web page.
The problem of whether two strings of characters evaluate to the same integer is a very hard problem, in terms of the amount of computation necessary to determine it in general, called the "word problem" in complexity theory.
In this book the "Four Fours Problem" is called a "traditional recreation." There are several fine sites on the World Wide Web for "Four Fours Problem." But I recommend to the reader: "Mathematical Games", by Martin Gardner, [Scientific America, Jan 1964].
www.magicdragon.com /math.html   (4600 words)

  
 CHRONOLOGY OF RECREATIONAL MATHEMATICS by David Singmaster   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
Untitled Latin MS of 13C known as Algorismus or Arithmetic.
1881 General Four Fours problem appears in Knowledge.
Broken chessboard is first use of all 12 pentominoes.
anduin.eldar.org /~problemi/singmast/recchron.html   (5414 words)

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