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Topic: Fourier optics

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	Optics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Optics (ὀπτική appearance or look in ancient Greek) is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light and the interaction of light with matter.
		The field of optics usually describes the behavior of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet light; however because light is an electromagnetic wave, analogous phenomena occur in X-rays, microwaves, radio waves, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
		The "ray" in geometric optics is an abstract object which is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual optical waves.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Optics (817 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Optics (appearance or look in ancient Greek) is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light and the interaction of light with matter.
		Geometric optics, sometimes called ray optics is the branch of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays.
		The ray in geometric optics is perpendicular to the wavefront in wave optics.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Optics (670 words)

	Learn more about Optics in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Optics is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light and the interaction of light with matter.
		The field of optics usually describes the behavior of visible, infrared and ultraviolet light; however since light is an electromagnetic wave, analogous phenomena occur in X-rays, microwaves, radio waves, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
		The ray in geometric optics is perpendicular to the wavefront in physical optics.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /o/op/optics.html (425 words)

	Fourier optics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fourier optics is a branch of optics in which imaging is considered in terms of Fourier transforms.
		Small details in the object (e.g., sharp edges) correspond to high "frequencies" in the diffraction pattern (which is mathematically the Fourier transform of the object-function).
		When changing the distance of the bars, these dots would move towards or off the optical axis in horizontal direction, i.e., the closer the bars, the larger the distance of the spots (the higher the spatial frequency).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fourier_optics (359 words)

	Scientist - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fourier founded a new branch of mathematics — infinite, periodic series — studied heat flow and infrared radiation, and discovered the greenhouse effect.
		But astronomers have done basic research in optics, developed charge-coupled devices, and in recent decades have sent space probes to study other planets in addition to using the Hubble Telescope to probe the origins of the Universe some 14 billion years ago.
		Microwave spectroscopy has now identified dozens of organic molecules in interstellar space, requiring laboratory experimentation and computer simulation to confirm the observational data and starting a new branch of chemistry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Scientist (895 words)

	Fourier Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Fourier optics methods can be visualized by considering the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of a single slit.
		Smaller spatial detail can be referred to as a higher "spatial frequency", and the diffraction pattern produces a plot in which greater distance from the optic axis implies greater spatial frequency.
		This kind of transformation, where a plot of light distribution is transformed into plot of spatial frequency is an example of a Fourier transformation and is a conceptual starting point for Fourier optics.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/optmod/fouropt.html (130 words)

	Fourier Optics: An Introduction (E.G. Steward) - review
		Chapter three introduces Fourier series and periodic structures and chapter four Fourier transforms, convolution, and correlation — all explained by application to optical systems.
		Fourier transforms, phasor diagrams, basic optics and so forth are explained as required, or treated in appendices, but in a manner more suited as a refresher for someone who has done courses covering those topics than for a complete beginner.
		Fourier Optics has an obvious niche as a higher undergraduate text or an easy graduate text — or, in my case, as an accessible survey for someone with a maths and physics background who's recently taken up photography and wants to understand modulation transfer functions and other aspects of optics.
	dannyreviews.com /h/Fourier_Optics.html (355 words)

	Innovative Fourier Optics. Laboratory of Adaptive Optics
		Fourier optics is one of the most elegant branches of classical optics.
		Nevertheless, the pioneers of Fourier optics kindly left some minor problems to be solved by their disciples.
		Starting our experiments with both phase and amplitude Fourier filters, we developed some new methods for visualizing the phase distribution of a light beam and for optically performing some image processing operations, such as differentiation.
	www.optics.ru /furieoptika-e.htm (275 words)

	Fourier Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Fourier analysis and physical optics are strongly entangled with each other.
		On the one hand, Fourier analysis is an excellent mathematical tool for the analysis and synthesis of optical systems.
		The second aspect of the relations between Fourier analysis and optics is demonstrated by several signal processing architectures where the special capabilities of optical systems are exploited.
	optics.physics.aamu.edu /~marius/Abstracts/FO.php (167 words)

	International Commission for Optics Newsletter - Jan. 1999
		With the development of the fractional Fourier transform, the common frequency domain is seen to be merely a special case of a continuum of so-called fractional domains, a concept which is elegantly related to the notion of space-frequency distributions.
		The Award was established in 1993 to recognize outstanding contributions to the field of optics achieved under comparatively unfavorable circumstances regarding the economic and social conditions and the access to scientific facilities and sources of information.
		He is known as one of the pioneers of Coherent Optics in the 1960ies after the advent of the laser, and as one of the pioneers of Coherent X-ray Optics in the 1980ies after the advent of high luminance sources in the soft X-ray range.
	www.ico-optics.org /ico_jan99.html (3206 words)

	EE592 Fourier Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		This course introduces students the concepts of using Fourier analysis method and linear system theory to deal with diffraction, imaging and optical information processing.
		Students are required to understand the fundamentals of Fourier optics and investigate their applications to current science and technology.
		Students are required to understand two-dimensional Fourier transform and develop ability to use the Fourier analysis method as a key role to deal with diffraction and imaging in optics.
	www.engineering.sdstate.edu /~tans/ee592s05.htm (196 words)

	Fourier Optics
		Figure 2: Schematic representation of the optical train highlighting the relationship between the beam geometry in the input and focal planes.
		projects the Fourier transform of the incident light's wavefront onto the focal plane.
		These fields are related by the Fourier transform pair
	www.physics.nyu.edu /grierlab/cgh2b/node4.html (138 words)

	Wave Optics
		Wave Optics on the Computer consists of a set of computer programs and a physics guide which is recommended to read before getting starting with the programs.
		This program illustrates general ideas of Fourier optics on the bases of simulation of various optical problems, such as plane wave expansion of optical field, diffraction of light on various transparences, on amplitude and phase sinusoidal gratings, phenomenon of self-reproduction of light, principle of double diffraction, spatial filtration and multiplication of optical images.
		Possibility of different manipulations with Fourier image is provided, such as masking of image with diaphragms and gratings, addition and subtraction of images etc. After editing Fourier image the program allows one to carry out second Fourier transform to get optical image and compare it with the original object.
	www.openteach.com /products/wav.php (736 words)

	Fourier optics, filtering and spectrometry
		As mathematical tool for the study of periodic functions, the Fourier analysis appears very naturally in the representation of all wave phenomena in Physics and particularly in optics.
		The diffracted amplitude in the Fraun-hofer region is given by the Fourier transform of the amplitude distribution on the diffracting aperture; a converging lens produces in its back-focal plane an amplitude distribution which is the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the amplitude in the pupil plane.
		The degree of spatial coherence of light vibrations at two points illuminated by a quasi-monochromatic, incoherent source is given by the Fourier transform of the intensity function of the source.
	stacks.iop.org /0335-7368/4/315 (511 words)

	Ultrasound and Fourier optics
		In a nutshell, this well-known expression from the optics literature states that the far-field complex amplitude pattern produced by a complex aperture amplitude function is approximately equal to 2-D Fourier transform of that function.
		Naturally, this approximation is based on several assumptions and requirements that constrain its application to the far field of an unfocused transducer or the focal plane of a focused transducer.
		These are seen to be extensions of the Fourier transforms and properties in 1-D, with the addition of the issue of separability.
	dukemil.egr.duke.edu /Ultrasound/k-space/node3.html (1591 words)

	Citebase - Fourier optics for the Maxwell field: formalism and applications.
		Citebase - Fourier optics for the Maxwell field: formalism and applications.
		Fourier optics for the Maxwell field: formalism and applications.
		Using the relativistic symmetry of Maxwell's equations, the general structure of the electromagnetic field vectors in the paraxial approximation is obtained.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:iiscePrints.OAI2:979 (129 words)

	Cartouche for Fourier Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The above is a picture of the Fourier optics of a diffraction grating.
		The next one is the comb function, which is an infinite set of delta functions.
		In optics one needs to do repeated transforms, so one cannot use the usual capitalization convention for transforms.
	www.ucolick.org /~burke/optics/cartouche.html (224 words)

	Fourier Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		This is a guide to Fourier Optics and a few other bits of optics.
		Fourier optics describes the propagation of light using Fourier analysis.
		The Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is the Fourier transform of the diffracting object.
	www.fourieroptics.org.uk (110 words)

	The Fractional Fourier Transform
		Properties and applications of the ordinary Fourier transform are special cases of those of the fractional Fourier transform.
		The chapters on optics complement introductory texts on Fourier optics, dealing with optical systems in phase space (the space-frequency plane) in terms of canonical transforms.
		Ozaktas is the recipient of the 1998 ICO International Prize in Optics (jointly with D. Mendlovic) and the 1999 Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey Science Award for his contributions to the subject.
	www.ee.bilkent.edu.tr /~haldun/wileybook.html (889 words)

	Introduction to Fourier Optics
		Updated and expanded in 1996, with recent advances in optical information processing and holography fully covered, this influential book has continued to be the best text and the most succinct reference in this area.
		Topics such as fiber Bragg gratings, ultrashort pulse shaping, and spectral holography are presented in the same clear and understandable yet detailed manner as the other topics in the text.
		Once again, the use of Fourier techniques provides particular insight into the principles and applications of these important new fields.
	www.roberts-publishers.com /goodman/Goodpraise.html (334 words)

	Entangled-photon Fourier optics - Abouraddy, Saleh, Sergienko, Teich (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Abouraddy, B. Saleh, A. Sergienko, and M. Teich, "Entangled-photon Fourier optics," J. Opt.
		2 The Elements of Nonlinear Optics (context) - Butcher, Cotter - 1990
		2 Two-photon geometric optics (context) - Pittman, Strekalov et al.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /629077.html (692 words)

	Amazon.com: Introduction To Fourier Optics: Books: Joseph W Goodman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		It would have been nice if there were more discussions on the physics of Fourier Optics, for example pictures of actual experimental results or clear diagrams that show for example how does the diffraction pattern for a given input looks like.
		Fourier optics is a very strong tool in imaging and optics.
		There is an excellent mix of straightforward theory and practical uses of Fourier Optics.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0070242542?v=glance (1167 words)

	Fourier Optics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		This course deals with the application of harmonic analysis in optics.
		We will study the propagation and diffraction of light from a systems perspective.
		The Fourier transform and its applications, R. Bracewell, Mc Graw-Hill, 2
	ece-www.colorado.edu /~piestun/Fourier_Optics.htm (122 words)

	Opetus - Optics and molecular materials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The course starts with recalling the necessary mathematical background, which is then applied to problems on diffraction, imaging, optical data processing and holography.
		Laser Technology and Optics is recommended as a preliminary knowledge.
		Results of the examination are found on the board opposite the seminar room 2191.
	omm.hut.fi /optics/FourierOptics2005 (215 words)

	Amazon.com: Introduction to Fourier Optics: Books: Joseph W. Goodman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Buy this book with Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light (7th Edition) by Max Born today!
		Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light (7th Edition) by Max Born
		Since the late 1930s, the venerable branch of physics known as optics has gradually developed ever-closer ties with the communication and information sciences of electrical engineering.
	amazon.com /Introduction-Fourier-Optics-Joseph-Goodman/dp/0974707724 (808 words)

	Fourier optics and optical signal processing : Fourier optics
		Fourier optics and optical signal processing : Fourier optics
		Lensless optical implementation of the coincidence fractional Fourier transform
		Experimental observation of coincidence fractional Fourier transform with a partially coherent beam
	www.opticsinfobase.org /ocisdirectory/070_2580.cfm (221 words)

	Teaching Fourier optics through ray matrices
		In this work we examine the use of ray-transfer matrices for teaching and for deriving some topics in a Fourier optics course, exploiting the mathematical simplicity of ray matrices compared to diffraction integrals.
		We extend this derivation to fractional Fourier transform optical systems, and derive the order of the transform from the ray matrix.
		This formulation cannot replace the complete explanation of Fourier optics provided by the wave theory, but it is a complementary tool useful to simplify many aspects of Fourier optics and to relate them to geometrical optics.
	stacks.iop.org /0143-0807/26/261 (301 words)

	Fiber Fourier optics (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		If your firewall is blocking outgoing connections to port 3125, you can use these links to download local copies.
		Abstract: e set of coherently related optical input amplitudes a n are fed into a lossless fiber or integrated optical network through a corresponding set of single-mode and single-polarization input fibers, and the discrete Fourier transform b n of this sequence is taken out through N similar output fibers.
		Although there may be some practical di#culties in implementing this approach 1 in real fiber-optic networks, this basic concept seems su#ciently powerful and promising that useful applications may...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /470788.html (283 words)

	Wiley::Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging
		Wiley > Physics & Astronomy > Optics & Laser Physics > Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging
		Fourier and Diffractive Optics is a required course in electrical engineering and physics programs.
		Based Professor Ersoy's class notes, Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging is an innovative work that uses MATLAB in his problems and examples.
	www.wiley.com /WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471238163.html (118 words)

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