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	First Council of Constantinople - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was rejected by the Papal Legates at the Council of Chalcedon.
		At the Fourth Council of Constantinople in 869 the Roman legates (J.
		The fourth canon[5] declares invalid the consecration of Maximus of Constantinople, the Cynic philosopher and rival of Gregory of Nazianzus, as Bishop of Constantinople.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Council_of_Constantinople (975 words)

	Encyclopedia: Fourth Council of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Fourth Council of Constantinople, (869â“870) Deposed patriarch Saint Photius of Constantinople.
		Fourth Council of the Lateran, (1215) - dealt with transubstantiation, papal primacy and conduct of clergy.
		Originally, Rome considered the Fourth Council of Constantinople to be the council held in 879-880, which restored Photius, abrogated the council of 869-870, and anathematized additions to the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed (thus condemning the Filioque), but later repudiated that council in favor of the one held in 869-870.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Fourth-Council-of-Constantinople (1033 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: General Councils
		Councils are legally convened assemblies of ecclesiastical dignitaries and theological experts for the purpose of discussing and regulating matters of church doctrine and discipline.
		Sisenand, King of the Spanish Visigoths, was at the Fourth Council of Toledo (636) and King Chintilian at the fifth (638); Charlemagne assisted at the Council of Frankfort (794) and two Anglo Saxon kings at the Synod of Whitby (Collatio Pharenes) in 664.
		The infallibility of the council is intrinsic, i.e.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04423f.htm (12462 words)

	Constantinople, Fourth Council of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The council of 869 was convoked at the suggestion of Basil I, the new Byzantine emperor, to confirm the restoration of St. Ignatius of Constantinople to the see that Photius had resigned.
		At Constantinople his defense was cut short, and when he refused to sign his own condemnation, he was excommunicated.
		The result of these councils was to intensify the bitterness between East and West.
	www.bartleby.com /65/co/Constnt4c.html (174 words)

	Ecumenical council - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		Study of the canons of church councils is the foundation of the development of canon law, especially the reconciling of seemingly contradictory canons or the determination of priority between them.
		Fourth Council of Constantinople, (869-870) Deposed patriarch Saint Photius of Constantinople.
		Council of Vienne, (1311-1312) - Disbanded Knights Templar
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Ecumenical_council (2335 words)

	A History of the General Councils - AD 325 through AD 1870 - Mgr. Philip Hughes
		The eighth General Council, Constantinople 869-70, was about the consequences of the expulsion of an intruded patriarch, Photius, and the restoration of the rightful patriarch, his predecessor, Ignatius.
		The outcome was a second council at Constantinople, to which 383 bishops came, with Photius as the central figure--but where he presided, and to which the presence of three papal legates gave the full outward sign of the pope's approval.
		The remnants of anti-Photians, at Constantinople and elsewhere, were now told by the pope that he was their lawful patriarch, and that they were not to oppose him in the name of the council of 869, for the former things had passed away.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/CDHN/coun9.html (5792 words)

	Council of Constantinople -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		The First Council of Constantinople, the second ecumenical council of the Christian church, was summoned by Emperor Theodosius I in 381.
		The Second Council of Constantinople, held in 553, was called by Justinian I; by endorsing an edict of Justinian's, it lent support to Monophysitism and diminished the earlier Council of Chalcedon.
		The Fourth Council of Constantinople, held in 869–870 at the suggestion of Basil I, resulted in the excommunication of St. Photius and increased the animosity between the Eastern and Western churches.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9361465 (838 words)

	Orthodox Church Listing of Synods and Councils
		Council in Trullo (Constantinople) - Conclusion of Sixth Council (aka 'Quinsext' to indicate it was a summation of Fifth and Sixth Councils.
		This council annulled the council of 754 and condemned Iconoclasm.
		Council in Constantinople local Council, 867 AD Tension begun by Frankish missionaries in Bulgaria, acting as Pope Nicholas' emissaries, began to introduce the Symbol of Faith with the addtion of the Filioque.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txw/orthcoun.htm (4265 words)

	The First Seven Christian Church Councils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This Jerusalem Council is not counted in the ecumenical councils of the Church which began after the Roman persecutions ended, and of which seven are considered binding by both the eastern and western churches.
		The Council of Nicea, held in Bithynia in Asia Minor and overseen by the Roman emperor Constantine, proclaimed the true manhood and true divinity of Jesus Christ and decreed the concept of the Trinity.
		In 869 A.D. a fourth Council of Constantinople was held to try to avert a schizm which had developed between the western and eastern churches over a western decision to place the phrase 'and from the son' into the Nicaen Creed regarding the procession of the Holy Spirit.
	members.aol.com /goodnews77/footnote_churchcouncils.htm (560 words)

	All Ecumenical Councils - All the Decrees
		Third Council of Constantinople (680-681), under Pope Agatho and the Emperor Constantine Pogonatus, was attended by the Patriarchs of Constantinople and of Antioch, 174 bishops, and the emperor.
		Council of Constance (1414-1418), was held during the great Schism of the West, with the object of ending the divisions in the Church.
		Council of Basle (1431), Eugene IV being pope, and Sigismund Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
	www.piar.hu /councils/~index.htm (1185 words)

	To Tell You The Whole Truth - The Church: The 21 Ecumenical (General) Councils of the Church
		It declared the authority of the Pope to be superior to that of a General Council.
		Declared that the teachings of the Council of Pisa were invalid since it did not have the Pope's approval.
		This Council declared the infallibility of the Pope, and reaffirmed the teachings of the Church.
	www.scborromeo.org /truth/c2.htm (545 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Fourth Council of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The council was attended by more than one hundred bishops, and reaffirmed the condemnation of the iconoclastic heresy issued at the Second Council of Nicea.
		The council also deposed Photius as patriarch of Constantinople, and restored Ignatius to this position.
		This was the final ecumenical council held in the east, and was the first to be called "ecumenical" by historians in the eleventh century.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/define71.htm (80 words)

	Fourth Council of Constantinople : 869-870
		This council, designated as the eighth ecumenical council by western canonists, is not found in any canonical collections of the Byzantines; its acts and canons are completely ignored by them.
		Ivo adds from the instructions that John VIII gave to his legates for the council in 879: "You will say that, as regards the synods which were held against Photius under Pope Hadrian at Rome or Constantinople, we annul them and wholly exclude them from the number of the holy synods".
		This holy and universal synod declares and decrees, in agreement with earlier councils, that the promotion and consecration of bishops should be done by means of an election and decision of the college of bishops.
	www.piar.hu /councils/ecum08.htm (6693 words)

	Catholic Encyclopedia: FOURTH COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Besides the Patriarch of Constantinople there were present the representatives of the Patriarchs of Antioch and Jerusalem and, towards the end, also the representatives of the Patriarch of Alexandria.
		The council issued an Encyclical to all the faithful, and wrote to the pope requesting his confirmation of its Acts.
		Greek pride, however, was offended by the compulsory signature of the aforesaid Roman formulary of reconciliation, and in a subsequent conference of Greek ecclesiastical and civil authorities the newly-converted Bulgarians were declared subject to the Patriarchate of Constantinople and not to Rome.
	65.108.168.229 /FOURTH%20COUNCIL%20OF%20CONSTANTINOPLE.htm (704 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Fourth Council of Constantinople
		The Eighth General Council was opened, 5 October, 869, in the Cathedral of Saint Sophia, under the presidency of the legates of Adrian II.
		During the preceding decade grave irregularities had occurred at Constantinople, among them the deposition of the Patriarch Ignatius and the intrusion of Photius, whose violent measures against the Roman Church culminated in the attempted deposition (867) of Nicholas I.
		Iconoclasm, in its last remnants, and the interference of the civil authority in ecclesiastical affairs were denounced by the council.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04310b.htm (805 words)

	Fourth Council of Constantinople : 869-870
		Therefore we declare that we are preserving and maintaining the canons which have been entrusted to the holy, catholic and apostolic church by the holy and renowned apostles, and by universal as well as local councils of orthodox [bishops], and even by any inspired father or teacher of the church.
		He formed with these a church of evil-doers and a fraudulent council and set in motion accusations and charges entailing deposition against the most blessed pope Nicholas and repeatedly, impudently and boldly issued anathemas against him and all those in communion with him.
		However, if the patriarch of Constantinople and his suffragan bishops come to know of any others who have committed crimes of this kind and neglect to act against them with the necessary zeal, they must be deposed and debarred from the dignity of their priesthood.
	www.dailycatholic.org /history/8ecumen2.htm (2670 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: Eighth Ecumenical Council: Constantinople IV 869-70
		The ancient canons of the Apostles and of the general and particular councils, as well as those of the fathers and doctors of he Church, must be firmly maintained.
		For the higher ecclesiastical dignities, clerics attached to the cathedral of Constantinople shall be chosen, and not strangers or outsiders.
		We decree that for the higher ecclesiastical dignities, clerics attached to the cathedral of Constantinople, who have spent some time in clerical orders and are known to be of good character and deserving of preferment, shall be chosen, and not strangers or outsiders (that is, laymen, such as Photius and others).
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/const4.html (2711 words)

	Eighth Ecumenical Council - OrthodoxWiki
		The Eighth Ecumenical Council was a reunion council held at Constantinople in 879-880.
		This council was originally accepted and fully endorsed by the papacy in Rome (whose legates were present at the behest of Pope John VIII), but later repudiated by Rome in the 11th century, retroactively regarding the robber council of 869-870 to be ecumenical.
		Further, the Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs refers explicitly to the "Eighth Ecumenical Council" regarding the synod of 879-880 and was signed by the patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria as well as the Holy Synods of the first three.
	www.orthodoxwiki.org /Eighth_Ecumenical_Council (287 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Constantinople, Councils of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The First Council of Constantinople, 381, condemned Arianism, Macedonianism, and kindred heresies.
		The Third Council of Constantinople, 618, defined the Church's doctrine on the two wills (human and Divine) in Christ, at the same time anathematizing the opposite (Monothelitic) heresy.
		The Fourth Council of Constantinople, 869, condemned Photius and the acts of the false Photian councils
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/ncd02310.htm (101 words)

	Encyclopedia article: Fourth Council of Constantinople (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This latter council was originally accepted and fully endorsed by Rome (whose legates were present), who in the 11th century repudiated it and retroactively regarded the council of 869 (additional info and facts about 869) -870 (additional info and facts about 870) to be ecumenical.
		The council of 879 (additional info and facts about 879) -880 (additional info and facts about 880) restored St. Photius (additional info and facts about Photius) to his see and anathematized any who altered the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed (additional info and facts about Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed) (thus condemning the Filioque (additional info and facts about Filioque)).
		For more on the council of 879 (additional info and facts about 879) -880 (additional info and facts about 880), see also:
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/F/Fo/Fourth_Council_of_Constantinople.htm (262 words)

	[No title]
		And what this was is evident from the definition of the Council of Florence, which, while indeed it was not received by the Eastern Church, and therefore cannot be accepted as an authoritative exposition of its views, yet certainly must be regarded as a true and full expression of the teaching of the West.
		The Council of Cholcedon in its address to the Emperor says: "The bishops who at Constantinople detected the taint of Apollinarianism, communicated to the Westerns their decision in the matter." From this we may reasonably conclude, with Tillemont,(3) that the lost Tome treated also of the Apollinarian heresy.
		The third Synod gave this honour to the Archbishop of Cyprus, and by the law of the same synod (Canon viii.), and by the Sixth Synod in its xxxixth Canon, the judgment of the Synod of Antioch is annulled and this honour granted to the bishop of Iberia.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/const1.txt (10939 words)

	Constantinople, First Council of
		The council drew up a dogmatic statement on the Trinity and defined Holy Spirit as having the same divinity expressed for the Son by the Council of Nicaea 56 years earlier.
		That statement has been lost, but the work of the council established the orthodox teaching of the Trinity as it is held today.
		Gregory of Nazianzus was reinstated as bishop of Constantinople and then made president of the council when its first president, Meletius of Antioch, died.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0813329.html (324 words)

	Fourth Council of Constantinople - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Schaff's Church History: Conflict of the Eastern and Western Churches
		The Eighth Ecumenical Council: Constantinople IV (879/880) and the Condemnation of the Filioque Addition and Doctrine by Protopresbyter George Dion Dragas
		This page was last modified 20:47, 7 January 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fourth_Council_of_Constantinople (288 words)

	Council of Constantinople -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		(680), the sixth ecumenical council of the Christian church, summoned by the emperor Constantine IV and meeting at Constantinople.
		In the early Middle Ages the churches led by the bishop of Rome (the pope) and those influenced by the patriarch of Constantinople gradually began to go their separate ways.
		In the West the Roman Church recognizes 14 other councils as ecumenical—those that were called by the pope.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9026000 (691 words)

	[No title]
		LATER CREEDS Third Council of Constantinople (681 AD, Sixth Ecumenical) This council further clarified the Definition of Chalcedon, dealing with the question of whether the two natures of Jesus Christ (God and man) had two separate wills as well.
		The issue was important because of the existence of the Monophysite (one nature) heresy, which maintained that Jesus Christ has only one nature, truncating to some degree His humanity in favor of His divinity.
		The Third Council of Constantinople rejected this view as being too close to the teaching of the Monophysites.
	www.iclnet.org /pub/resources/text/history/creeds.later.txt (679 words)

	AllRefer.com - Constantinople, Fourth Council of (Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Councils And Treaties) - ...
		AllRefer.com - Constantinople, Fourth Council of (Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Councils And Treaties) - Encyclopedia
		Constantinople, Fourth Council of, Roman Catholic And Orthodox Churches: Councils And Treaties
		Constantinople, Fourth Council of, 869–70, regarded as the eighth ecumenical council by the modern Roman Catholic Church.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Constnt4c.html (274 words)

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