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Topic: Fourth Geneva Convention

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	Geneva Conventions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The conventions were the results of efforts by Henri Dunant, who was motivated by the horrors of war he witnessed at the Battle of Solferino.
		Accusations of violation of the Geneva Conventions on the part of signatory nations are brought before the International Court of Justice at the Hague.
		All four conventions were last revised and ratified in 1949, based on previous revisions and partly on some of the 1907 Hague Conventions; the whole set is referred to as the "Geneva Conventions of 1949" or simply the "Geneva Conventions".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geneva_Convention (579 words)

	The Fourth Geneva Convention
		The Fourth Geneva Convention on Rules of War was adopted in 1949 by the international community in response to Nazi atrocities during World War II.
		Israel rejects the interpretation of the Fourth Geneva Convention applying it to Israeli settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, stating that those territories were captured in 1967 as a result of a defensive war against countries which had illegally occupied them since 1948.
		Switzerland is the Depository for the Fourth Geneva Convention.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/Human_Rights/geneva.html (409 words)

	Fourth Geneva Convention - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Fourth Geneva Convention ("GCIV") relates to the protection of civilians during times of war "in the hands" of an enemy and under any occupation by a foreign power.
		The convention was published on August 12, 1949, at the end of a conference held in Geneva from April 21 to August 12, 1949.
		Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention (914 words)

	Society of Professional Journalists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The provisions of the Conventions and of this Protocol relating to supervision of the use of the distinctive emblem and to the prevention and repression of any misuse thereof shall be applicable to distinctive signals.
		The provisions of the Second Convention shall apply to the wounded, sick and shipwrecked belonging to the categories referred to in Article 13 of the Second Convention and in Article 44 of this Protocol who may be on board such medical ships and craft.
		Notwithstanding any other provision of the Conventions or of this Protocol, any member of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict who falls into the power of an adverse Party while engaging in espionage shall not have the right to the status of prisoner of war and may be treated as a spy.
	www.globalissuesgroup.com /geneva/protocol1.html (10016 words)

	[15 Jun 1999] GA/PAL/806 : EXPERT PANEL EXAMINES ISRAELI VIOLATIONS OF FOURTH GENEVA CONVENTION IN OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Geneva Conventions expressly recognized the fundamental right to be treated humanely and specifically prohibited violence to life and persons; taking of hostages; outrages upon personal dignity; and the passing of sentences and carrying out of executions without the judgement of a regularly constituted court.
		The Convention further prohibits individual or mass forcible transfers; deportations of protected persons, regardless of their motive; and the transfer by the occupying Power of parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies.
		The Geneva Convention is inapplicable because the occupying Power kills and wounds the civilians living under occupation.
	www.un.org /news/press/docs/1999/19990615.gapal806.html (2081 words)

	[No title]
		The present Convention shall be applied with the cooperation and under the scrutiny of the Protecting Powers whose duty it is to safeguard the interests of the Parties to the conflict.
		The text of the present Convention and the texts of special agreements concluded under the said Convention shall be posted inside the place of internment, in a language which the internees understand, or shall be in the possession of the Internee Committee.
		The present Convention, which bears the date of this day, is open to signature until 12 February 1950, in the name of the Powers represented at the Conference which opened at Geneva on 21 April 1949.
	fletcher.tufts.edu /multi/texts/BH241.txt (17427 words)

	Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, 75 U.N.T.S. 135, entered into force Oct. 21, 1950.
		The provisions of the present Convention constitute no obstacle to the humanitarian activities which the International Committee of the Red Cross or any other impartial humanitarian organization may, subject to the consent of the Parties to the conflict concerned, undertake for the protection of prisoners of war and for their relief.
		Subject to the provisions of the present Convention relative to penal and disciplinary sanctions, prisoners of war may not be held in close confinement except where necessary to safeguard their health and then only during the continuation of the circumstances which make such confinement necessary.
		The present Convention, which bears the date of this day, is open to signature until February 12, 1950, in the name of the Powers represented at the Conference which opened at Geneva on April 21, 1949; furthermore, by Powers not represented at that Conference, but which are parties to the Convention of July 27, 1929.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/instree/y3gctpw.htm (17174 words)

	bitterlemons.org - Unstable governments
		Palestinians base their claim that the Fourth Geneva Convention must apply to the territories on the fact that these are under a belligerent military occupation.
		The convention is regarded as a basic text of international humanitarian law and has been referred to as reflecting international customary law; yet in practice no state has ever formally applied it to a given occupied territory.
		However due to the absence of state practice in applying the Convention, the courts reached the conclusion that the convention is not yet customary law and hence not enforceable.
	www.bitterlemons.org /previous/bl200904ed35.html (2697 words)

	The International Laws of Belligerent Occupation
		Belligerent occupation is governed by The Hague Regulations of 1907, as well as by the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949, and the customary laws of belligerent occupation.
		The Fourth Geneva Convention applies to the West Bank, to the Gaza Strip, and to the entire City of Jerusalem, in order to protect the Palestinians living there.
		These Israeli “grave breaches” of the Fourth Geneva Convention mandate universal prosecution for their perpetrators, whether military or civilian, as well as prosecution for their commanders, whether military or civilian, including Israel’s political leaders.
	www.ifamericansknew.org /cur_sit/boyle.html (761 words)

	Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, 75 U.N.T.S. 287, entered into force ...
		This armlet shall be issued by the State and shall bear the emblem provided for in Article 38 of the Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field of August 12, 1949.
		With the exception of special measures authorized by the present Convention, in particular by Articles 27 and 41 thereof, the situation of protected persons shall continue to be regulated, in principle, by the provisions concerning aliens in time of peace.
		The present Convention, which bears the date of this day, is open to signature until February 12, 1950, in the name of the Powers represented at the Conference which opened at Geneva on April 21, 1949.
	www1.umn.edu /humanrts/instree/y4gcpcp.htm (17450 words)

	GENEVA CONVENTION
		The Geneva Conventions are international treaties binding on all States which have accepted them.
		The Conventions are long and complicated, but they are essentially a series of 'do's' and 'don'ts' to apply during conflict to protect vulnerable and defenceless individuals.
		The distinctive emblems defined in the Geneva Conventions are the red cross or the red crescent on a white background.
	www.ppu.org.uk /learn/texts/doc_geneva_con.html (1132 words)

	Israel Violating the Fourth Geneva Convention?
		Although reduced in scope by the United States, a special UN meeting held in Geneva on July 15, 1999 unanimously passed a resolution stating that the Fourth Geneva Convention does apply to Israeli settlements in the "occupied territories." The closed-door meeting lasted a mere 45 minutes.
		Switzerland convened the meeting of the High Contracting Parties of the Fourth Geneva Convention on December 5, 2001 to discuss the alleged Israeli violations of the Convention in its treatment of the Palestinians in Judea and Samaria (the West Bank) and Gaza Strip.
		Unfortunately, this use of The Fourth Geneva Convention served to validate the Palestinian tactic of using the international community, and the United Nations in particular, as a forum for airing grievances against Israel, rather than resolving such matters through bilateral negotiations and the Oslo peace process.
	www.palestinefacts.org /pf_1991to_now_israel_4th_geneva_2001.php (651 words)

	The 4th Geneva Convention: Political Manipulation of a Humanitarian Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On December 5, 2001, Switzerland convened a meeting of the High Contracting Parties of the Fourth Geneva Convention to discuss alleged Israeli violations of the Convention in its treatment of the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
		As expected, at the two-hour meeting, the assembled High Contracting Parties adopted a resolution censuring Israel for alleged violations of the Fourth Geneva Convention in its treatment of Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
		Equally troubling was the scene at a meeting of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) organized in Geneva on December 4 to coincide with the meeting of the High Contracting Parties.
	www.adl.org /israel/israel_geneva.asp (965 words)

	Action Alert — Fourth Geneva Convention Action Alert - November 29, 2001
		Switzerland, at the urging of the Arab and Islamic nations, is set to convene a meeting of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention on December 5th, 2001.
		On December 5, Switzerland is set to convene a meeting of the High Contracting Parties of the Fourth Geneva Convention to discuss alleged Israeli violations of the Convention in its treatment of the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
		The possibility of convening the HCPs for a conference to address a specific situation was clearly rejected by a previous conference on the Geneva Conventions, whose Committee I specifically approved, by vote, the inclusion of the word "general".
	www.jewishpublicaffairs.org /action/recent/4th-geneva-11-29-01.htm (3292 words)

	Fourth Geneva Convention
		The Fourth Geneva Convention on Rules of War was adopted August 12, 1949 by the international community in response to Nazi atrocities during World War II.
		Israel rejects applying the Fourth Geneva Convention to Israeli settlements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, stating that those territories were captured in 1967 as a result of a defensive war against Jordan and Egypt, countries which had illegally occupied them since 1948.
		Furthermore, it is Article 49 that is commonly cited to accuse Israel of violating the Fourth Geneva Convention.
	www.palestinefacts.org /pf_1967to1991_4thgeneva.php (415 words)

	Refrence Text (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		They shall be protected as such under the Conventions and this Protocol, provided that they take no action adversely affecting their status as civilians, and without prejudice to the right of war correspondents accredited to the armed forces to the status provided for in Article 4 (A) (4) of the Third Convention.
		The provisions of the Conventions relating to the repression of breaches and grave breaches, supplemented by this Section, shall apply to the repression of breaches and grave breaches of this Protocol.
		Without prejudice to the application of the Conventions and of this Protocol, grave breaches of these instruments shall be regarded as war crimes.
	www.palestinercs.org /IHL_Refrence_Text.htm (6826 words)

	Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For this purpose, each of the Protecting Powers may, either at the invitation of one Party or on its own initiative, propose to the Parties to the conflict a meeting of their representatives, and in particular of the authorities responsible for prisoners of war, possibly on neutral territory suitably chosen.
		Nevertheless if that Power fails to carry out the provisions of the Convention in any important respect, the Power by whom the prisoners of war were transferred shall, upon being notified by the Protecting Power, take effective measures to correct the situation or shall request the return of the prisoners of war.
		They shall, however, receive as a minimum the benefits and protection of the present Convention, and shall also be granted all facilities necessary to provide for the medical care of, and religious inistration to, prisoners of war.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu3/b/91.htm (16450 words)

	The Avalon Project : Convention (IV) Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, August 12, 1949
		Convention (IV) Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, August 12, 1949
		The undersigned Plenipotentiaries of the Governments represented at the Diplomatic Conference held at Geneva from 21 April to 12 August 1949, for the purpose of establishing a Convention for the Protection of Civilians in Time of War, have agreed as follows:
		They shall likewise facilitate the transfer of funds and other financial measures of a technical or administrative nature taken for the purpose of making such purchases.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/lawofwar/geneva07.htm (16872 words)

	Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War
		International Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War, held in Geneva
		The foregoing provisions shall in no way be interpreted as restricting the humanitarian activities of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the relief Societies described in Article 142.
	www.unhchr.ch /html/menu3/b/92.htm (14864 words)

	The Fourth Geneva Convention (Full Text)
		of the present Convention: 1 to 12, 27, 29 to 34, 47, 49, 51, 52, 53, 59, 61 to 77, 143.
		The Parties to the conflict shall facilitate to the greatest extent possible the task of the representatives or delegates of the Protecting
		An relief shipments for internees shall be exempt from import, customs and other dues.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/Human_Rights/geneva1.html (13398 words)

	Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Convention, 1977
		A civilian is any person who does not belong to one of the categories of persons referred to in Article 4 A 111, lIl, (31 and 161 of the Third Convention and in Article 43 of this Protocol.
		In case of doubt whether an object which is normally dedicated to civilian purposes, such as a place of worship, a house or other dwelling or a school, is being used to make an effective contribution to military action, it shall be presumed not to be so used.
		Article 53 Protection of cultural objects and of places of worship without prejudice to the provisions of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict of 14 May 1954, and of other relevant international instruments, it is prohibited:
	deoxy.org /wc/wc-proto.htm (1893 words)

	Israel's practices violate fourth Geneva Convention
		The statements were part of Egypt's word before the international labor conference in Geneva, which was read out by Manpower and Immigration Minister Ahmed al Amawi who leads the Egyptian delegation to the event.
		Israel's inhuman practices aimed to terrorize the Palestinian people is a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention, the minister said.
		Amawi referred to the heavy damage and casualties caused by the Israeli aggression on the Palestinian people and their property.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Daily/Day/020612/2002061233.html (202 words)

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