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Topic: Foxtail pine

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	Foxtail Pine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Foxtail Pines occur in the subalpine forest in these mountains: at an elevation of 1950-2750m in the Klamath range, and 2300-3500m in the Sierra Nevada.
		USFS FEIS Ecological characteristics of the Foxtail pine
		USFS FEIS Distrubtion and occurrence of the Foxtail pine
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Foxtail_pine (314 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Pines are coniferous trees of the genus Pinus, in the family Pinaceae.
		Pines are mostly monoecious, having the male and female cones on the same tree, though a few species are sub-dioecious with individuals predominantly, but not wholly, single-sex.
		Pines are commercially among the most important of species used for timber in temperate and tropical regions of the world.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Pine (1341 words)

	The National Arbor Day Foundation
		The towering white pines, coveted for the masts of sailing ships, even played a role in the fight for independence, as the colonists united against Britain in part because of the King's claiming of the largest white pines for the Royal Navy.
		Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), the tallest tree native to eastern North America, was one of the dominant forest giants that greeted the first English settlers.
		With a natural range across the southeastern United States, the loblolly pine is distinguished by its large, columnar trunk, attractive bark in broad, reddish brown plates, and its pale green needles.
	www.arborday.org /programs/NationalTree/pine.cfm (611 words)

	My Past Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The foxtail pine is a beautiful timberline pine, endemic to the state of
		Foxtail pine growth is temperature sensitive, so paleoclimatic data can be inferred from a tree-ring index analysis.
		Further studies of the foxtail pine are necessary so that a greater understanding of its sensitivity to climate change and clues to its evolutionary history can be obtained.
	oregonstate.edu /~boganm/PastResearch.htm (998 words)

	Pinus balfouriana description
		The foxtails are the open, discontinuous stand; the closed-canopy forest at left is comprised chiefly of Abies magnifica [C.J. Earle, 23-Jul-2005].
		Foxtail pine (Arno and Gyer 1973); the two subspecies are commonly called the "northern" and "southern" foxtail pines, though the southern trees, which are far more famous, are commonly just called "foxtail pines."
		Population and subspecific genetic differentiation in the foxtail pine (Pinus balfouriana).
	www.conifers.org /pi/pin/balfouriana.htm (1591 words)

	Pine
		Pines are monoecious: having male and female cones on the same tree.
		Pines are native to most of North America, ranging from the Arctic to Mexico and Nicaragua and the West Indies.
		Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata) and other common pine species are often grown commercially as a source of wood pulp for papermaking.
	www.backyardagora.com /glossary/pine.htm (405 words)

	Nearctica - Native Conifers of North America - Pinus balfouriana
		Identifying Characters: Foxtail Pine is characterized by the bundles of 5 needles, the deciduous sheath, the elongate, cylindrical cones, the needles crowded against the twig, and the absence of elongate spines at the apices of the cone scales.
		Foxtail Pine can be distinguished from Whitebark Pine by its much shorter needles (1 to 1.5 inches versus 1.5 to 2.5 inches in Whitebark Pine) and the globular, not cylindrical cones of Whitebark Pine.
		Habitat: Foxtail Pine is a high, montane species occurring on exposed, rocky slopes in the subalpine and timberline zones.
	www.nearctica.com /trees/conifer/pinus/Pbalf.htm (360 words)

	Michael Bogan
		The foxtail pine is endemic to California and is found in two distinct, widely separated populations.
		This amazing longevity and the foxtail wood's durability after death has allowed a great amount of work to be done to analyze changes in treeline and climate of the Sierra Nevada over the last 3000 years, most notable by Lisa Graumlich and her Ph.D. student, Andrea Lloyd (Lloyd, 1997 and 1998; Lloyd and Graumlich, 1997).
		The southern part of the Sierran foxtail's distribution was also heavily grazed in the late 1800's and early 1900's causing permanent meadow damage, though possible effects of this period on foxtails have not been studied (Storey and Usinger, 1963).
	essp.csumb.edu /capstone/proposals/bogan.html (4335 words)

	Pinus balfouriana Foxtail Pine.
		Foxtail Pine is a slow growing, evergreen, conifer found at high elevations in the northern coast ranges and Sierra Nevada mountains.
		Pinus balfouriana is called Foxtail Pine because the internodal lengths are so small that all the needles are bunched up together at the end of the branches.
		At the Foxtail Pine's native elevation most precipitation comes in the form of snow which is inaccessible to the plant.
	www.laspilitas.com /plants/501.htm (332 words)

	Bristlecone Pine - Plant of the Week
		This small five-needle pine is one of the oldest living things on earth with numerous documented cases of trees reaching 4,000 years old.
		The needles of this pine are in clusters of five with a blue-green coloration which is sometimes coated with a white wax which gives them that bluish look of several of our western trees.
		The needles persist from 14 to 17 years at the ends of the branches and are held close to the limb giving the pine a common name of "foxtail" pine.
	www.arhomeandgarden.org /plantoftheweek/articles/Bristlecone_Pine.htm (544 words)

	Field Biology: Mountaintops
		Bristlecone Pines are common in the White Mountains, the Inyo Mountains, the Lastchance Mountains, and the Panamint Mountains.
		Foxtail and Bristlecone Pines are very difficult to tell apart, but fortunately they never overlap in their locations.
		Foxtail Pines are thought to be the oldest living trees in the Sierra Nevada, and do not occur outside of CA..
	www.sonoma.edu /users/c/Cannon/bio314chapter5.html (4533 words)

	Tom Killion Woodcut Prints - Foxtail Pines
		Tom created three views of Foxtail Pines to be arranged as a triptych with the "Whitney Crest" image on left, "Big Arroyo" in center and "Sawtooth Crest" on the right.
		Foxtails are cousins of the better-known bristlecones, the oldest living trees, which inhabit the White Mountains just a score or so miles due east of the Kaweah range.
		Some foxtails are estimated to live up to 2,500 years, and core samples from fallen logs have been dated to over 4,000 years ago.
	www.tomkillion.com /foxtail_pines.html (1383 words)

	White Pine Weevil
		The white pine weevil, native to North America, is a very serious pest of white pines in the forest and can also stunt and disfigure trees grown for ornamental purposes.
		Other trees which are commonly attacked are pitch pine, Japanese red pine, western white pine, limber pine, foxtail pine and red spruce.
		The adult white pine weevils are reddish-brown snout beetles about a quarter-inch long which are marked irregularly with patches of brown and white scales.
	www.uri.edu /ce/factsheets/sheets/whitepineweevil.html (845 words)

	Cronartium ribicola, the white pine blister rust
		White pine blister rust is now widely found in northeastern United States, the Lake States, and the West.
		This description of early efforts to fight the blister rust and protect white pine (Pinus monticola) is from Neuenschwander et al.
		Because host eradication had worked with pines in the Eastern United States, and scientists were similarly fighting fl stem rust successfully in wheat, the natural choice for curing western white pine of blister rust was eradication of host shrubs.
	www.conifers.org /pi/pin/blstrust.htm (1333 words)

	Forest Pathology - White Pine Blister Rust
		Most taxonomic arrangements break these into two groups, although the fungus seems to disagree with that taxonomy: subgenus Strobus (the white or soft pines, all of which have 5 needles per fascicle) and subgenus Ducampopinus (the piñon, lacebark and foxtail pines; the 5-needle members are two species of bristlecone pine and foxtail pine).
		Infections of pine are not consistent from year to year, but occur in "wave years," when weather is ideal.
		On pines, the first symptom may be a small, yellow or red spot on a needle, but this is difficult to find.
	www.forestpathology.org /dis_wpbr.html (2258 words)

	TreeHelp.com: Trees: Pine Insects and Diseases: White Pine Weevil
		Under such conditions, fewer pines are attacked, the number of eggs laid is small, and larval survival is considerably reduced.
		Growing pine under a hardwood canopy, dense stocking in open-grown stands, and planting on well-drained soils are management strategies that could reduce stem water content at the time of day and year weevils are laying eggs.
		White pine weevil is not a tree killer and, therefore, does not play an obvious role in the abundance or survival of white pine.
	www.treehelp.com /trees/pine/pine-white-pine-weevil.asp (3329 words)

	Yosemite National Park - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Giant Sequoia are the most massive trees in the world and are one of the tallest and longest-lived (Coast Redwoods that live along the Northern Californian coast are the tallest and the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine of Eastern California are the oldest).
		This high diversity of species is also the result of habitatss in Yosemite that are largely intact, compared to areas outside the park where various human activities have resulted in habitat degradation or destruction.
		Along much of Yosemite's western boundary, habitats are dominated by mixed coniferous forests of Ponderosa Pine, Sugar Pine, Incense-cedar, White Fir, and Douglas Fir, and a few stands of Giant Sequoia, interspersed by areas of Black Oak and Canyon Live Oak.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yosemite_National_Park (6178 words)

	Bristlecone Pine Bibliography
		Critchfield, W.B. Hybridization of foxtail and bristlecone pines.
		Ferguson, C.W. Bristlecone pine chronology and calibration of the radiocarbon timescale.
		Ferguson, C.W. Dendrochronology of bristlecone pine, Pinus longaeva.
	www.sonic.net /bristlecone/biblio.html (2502 words)

	Bristlecone pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Bristlecone pines are a small group of pine trees (Family Pinaceae, genus Pinus, subsection Balfourianae) that can reach an age far greater than that of any other living thing known - up to nearly 5,000 years.
		Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine Pinus aristata in Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona
		Currently, the oldest living specimen known is an individual of Pinus longaeva nick-named "Methuselah", located in the White Mountains of eastern California, measured by sample cores to be about 4,700 years old.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/b/br/bristlecone_pine.html (359 words)

	Yosemite Association - Nature Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the cool, dry climate of the Sierra Nevada, dead foxtail pine trees at high elevations are preserved in situ for millennia.
		However, because foxtail pine can live for more than 1000 years, short-term failures in recruitment rarely causes large changes in the structure of these treeline forests.
		Lloyd, A.H. Response of treeline populations of foxtail pine (Pinus balfouriana) to climate variation over the last 1,000 years.
	www.yosemite.org /naturenotes/FoxtailTreeline.htm (1103 words)

	Climate Audit » Bristlecone/Foxtail Site #1: Cirque Peak
		Foxtails are inter-related with bristlecones - they are located in the Sierra Nevadas, while the bristlecones are in the White Mountains on the other side of I-395 on this map.
		In 1873 a sawmill was built in Cottonwood Canyon, [363753N 1171740W] and logging of lodgepole and foxtail pines began.
		I have been the area a number of times in the last few years and have noticed some large older foxtail pines in the Horseshoe Meadow trailhead and campground which is only several miles from the mill location.
	www.climateaudit.org /?p=155 (1398 words)

	Bristlecone pine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bristlecone pines are a small group of pine trees (Family Pinaceae, genus Pinus, subsection Balfourianae) that can reach an age far greater than that of any other single living organism known, up to nearly 5,000 years.
		Currently, the oldest living organism known is an individual of Pinus longaeva nicknamed "Methuselah" (after Methuselah, the longest-lived person in the Bible), located in the White Mountains of eastern California, measured by core samples to be about 4,700 years old.
		Bristlecone pines grow in isolated groves at and just below tree-line.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bristlecone_pine (366 words)

	Pining for Pines
		A pine tree is an evergreen with long, slender ("needle-shaped") evergreen leaves, called "pine needles." It's in the genus Pinus.
		Occurs in dry foothills (2500-7000 feet) and the coastal mountains of southern California between 3000 and 6000 feet (from Mt. Diablo and the Santa Lucia Mountains to the San Bernardino, San Jacinto, and Cuyamaca Mountains).
		Torrey Pine is unique: the only hard pine with 5 needles per bundle.
	www.icogitate.com /~tree/pining.ac22.htm (1372 words)

	SPRING 2001 CAPSTONE PROJECTS
		Abstract: The foxtail pine of the Southern Sierra (Pinus balfouriana ssp.
		In this project, three sites on the margin and one site in the center of the foxtail pine's distribution were examined to identify how the tree's ecological characteristics change over its range.
		From field visits it appears that the western and eastern margins of distribution are altitude limited, while the northern and southern limits may be due to ecological displacement from other timberline tree species: by limber pine (P. flexilis) in the south and by whitebark pine (P. albicaulis) in the north.
	essp.csumb.edu /capstone/pastprojects/sp2001projects.html (9253 words)

	foxtail.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Camp Foxtail was established in 1949, and is now a year-round camping facility operated under a special use permit with the U.S. Forest Service by Girl Scouts of Frontier Council.
		Camp Foxtail is located in Lee Canyon and is subject to intense snowfall each year.
		All non-Girl Scout groups reserving Camp Foxtail must be a non-profit organization and have a current 501C(3) filed with the Federal Court.
	www.frontiercouncil.org /facilities/foxtail.htm (946 words)

	resident.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Camp Foxtail is open to all girls ages 7-17 years.
		Camp Foxtail is managed by the Girl Scouts of Frontier Council, and is accredited by the American Camping Association.
		Foxtail program is designed so girls and staff form a temporary camping unit.
	www.frontiercouncil.org /camp_foxtail/resident.html (667 words)

	Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The white pine weevil is probably the most serious pest of white pine in the area.
		Commonly attacked: pitch pine, Japanese red pine, western white pine, limber pine, foxtail pine and red spruce.
		Occasionally attacked: Scotch pine, western yellow pine, mugho pine, blue spruce, and white spruce.
	www.canr.uconn.edu /garden/factsheets/tp_05_whitepineweevil.html (659 words)

	Betula spp
		Wood of pine can be separated microscopically into the white, red and yellow pine groups.
		The word edulis means edible, referring to the large seeds, known as pinyon nuts, pine nuts and pinones.
		Toxicity: In general, working with pine wood may cause dermatitis, allergic bronchial asthma or rhinitis in some individuals (3,6and8).
	www2.fpl.fs.fed.us /TechSheets/SoftwoodNA/htmlDocs/pinusedulis.html (378 words)

	Birding in Lone Pine
		The area around the town of Lone pine offers a wide range of habitat for the birdwatcher to explore.
		A walk along Lone pine Creek may reveal a kingfisher or at a higher elevation, a water ouzel.
		The foxtail pine forest is full of chickadees, nuthatches and songbirds and there is plenty of streamside habitat.
	www.lonepinechamber.org /recreation/birding.html (295 words)

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